A maara nke ọma nzọụkwụ-elu transformer ...

Onye ọ bụla ebe nwere ya technology iconic ngwaọrụ, na-achọ onye maa mara ihe, ebe, otú. Ụgbọ mmiri - bụ oké osimiri, yachts, ụgbọ mmiri. Propela - ụgbọelu, ụgbọ elu, wheel - ịnyịnya ígwè, ụgbọ ala, wdg Na anyị adịghị mgbe niile na-atụgharị uche n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na ozugbo ndị a ugbu a dị mfe ma doo anya na otú ahụ na ngwaọrụ ndị ọzọ, mgbe ụfọdụ, ike nzọụkwụ na mmepe nke ihe dum alaka nke engineering ma ọ bụ n'ibu injinịa.

Ndị dị otú ahụ a akụkọ ihe mere eme na a maara nke ọma nnọchiteanya nke eletriki engineering - transformer. Na ama anya 1831 Faraday banyere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke chọpụtara akpa itinye n'ọkwa - bụ isi ụkpụrụ nke ime ihe nke transformer. Nanị mgbe isua 45, Russian ọkà mmụta sayensị PN Yablochkov e nyere a patent maka mepụtara nke transformer. The abụọ coils na-emi odude na-emeghe isi, enen-ekwe omume gbanwee, ya bụ, tọghata, gbanwee okwukwo na voltages. Nke mbụ e mere elu transformer. Modern nkesa nwere akụkụ nke ụlọ nke ọtụtụ ala na obere ngwaahịa bụ ihe na-erughị 1 cm, na ha mmepụta - bụ na-eduga alaka nke eletriki ụlọ ọrụ.

Usoro a na-eji a ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke nkesa nke dị iche iche na nzube na onye ọ bụla nwere ya kpọmkwem aha. Ka ihe atụ, nile iji eletriki nwere a nzọụkwụ-elu voltaji transformer, nke bụ na ihe mmepụta voltaji nke ọtụtụ kilovolts bụ ọkọnọ voltaji nke 220 V.

N'ihi ya, transformer - ihe ọ bụ? The classic definition bụ dị ka ndị: transformer - bụ ihe electric igwe na-atọghata ndị input ike isi iyi ugbu a n'ime abụọ asọfe na a dị iche iche voltaji. The transformer na-arụ ọrụ na AC voltaji, n'ihi na itinye n'ọkwa mmetụta hụrụ naanị mgbe akpa ubi. Nyefe (mgbanwe) nke ume-agabiga na ntughari nke eletriki ume na windings ke akpa ndọta, na n'ihu - a mgbanwe azụ eletriki ugbu a ike, ma na nke abụọ asọfe. Ọ bụrụ na abụọ asọfe na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ibe karịa ndị isi, anyị nwere a nzọụkwụ-elu transformer, na ọ bụrụ na ị jikọọ windings on Kama nke ahụ, ndị transformer ga-abụ "ndị na-abụghị" - Mbelata.

Ka e were ya na ị chọrọ ke ụgbọala, nke nwere ihe electric 36V network, jikọọ eletriki ibu, dị ka odori unit akkamuljatora kwadoro 220 - a typical ikpe iji tinye a nzọụkwụ-elu transformer. The ngwọta nke nsogbu a, anyị na-atụle ihe ndị bara uru.

1. Power chaja ga-si paspọtụ - yikarịrị ọ ga-abụ ihe dị ka 100 watts. N'ịmata na mkpa mgbe nile na-enwe a oke maka ọdịnihu ma na anya nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu arụmọrụ nke transformer nke banyere 0,9, na natara ike nke isi asọfe 150W.

2. Họrọ yoke. Ọ bụ kacha ịchịkwa O-ekara magnetik isi (ochie TV). Anyị nwere ike iji ihe ọ bụla, onye cross ngalaba dị obere karịa buru amụma si mmekọrịta: P 1 = S * S / 1,44, ebe P1 na S - transformer ike na watts na isi cross-ngalaba na square cm. Na ngụkọta oge na-enye a bara uru nke S = 10,2 cm2.

3. The nzọụkwụ ọzọ bụ ihe kasị mkpa na "ewu" nke transformer - kpebisiri ike site na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ibe on 1b: N = 50 / S = 50 / 10.2 = 4.9 ibe / na. Ugbu a ọ dị mfe gbakọọ nọmba nke ibe (ma ọ bụ, dị ka "asọfe ọmụma"), bụ isi na sekọndrị windings: W1 = 36 * N = 176 ibe na W2 = 220 * 5 = 1078 ibe.

4. Kọwaa ihe asọfe okwukwo. Anyị eche na ike nke ọ bụla nke windings nke banyere 150 watts. Na nke a, na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a windings: J1 = 150/36 = 4,2A na J2 = 150/220 = 0,7A.

5. Ugbu a, i nwere niile data iji chọpụta diameters nke wires nke windings. Anyị ga-eme otú ahụ: n'ihi na ihe bụ isi eriri igwe d1 = 0,8 * √J1 = 0,8 * 2,05 = 1,64mm sq. ;

N'otu aka ahụ maka nke abụọ asọfe d2 = 0,8 * √J2 = 0,8 * 0,84 = 0,67 mm square.

Asọfe coils họrọ diameters abịa site ọkọlọtọ.

Ihe niile! Na ngụkọta oge dị n'elu, ma ike na-emepụta a nzọụkwụ-elu transformer na ha aka? Dị ka ha na-ekwu - ọ dịghị ihe na mfe, ma ọ bụrụ na merụsịrị mkpa. The mkpa n'ezie - ọ bụ isi na-anya ụgbọ ike diy, ka n'ihu ịṅụ, ejiri.

6. Mee abụọ ozu na a họrọ magnetik circuit.

7. okpokolo agba oké stacking na-emerụ site ọkara a bụ isi asọfe na-anọrọ ya glass- ma ọ bụ Varnished.

8. Next, stacked na onye ọ bụla etiti site ọkara nke abụọ asọfe na-ekpuchi ha Varnished.

9. The nzukọ magnetik circuit, coupler yoke akụkụ - nsogbu abụghị nnọọ ike. Na gbakọta magnetik isi halves na-achọsi ike ka gluu ọ bụla mejupụtara iji ferroporoshka - nke a ga ewepu "buzzing" nke ngwaọrụ n'oge ọrụ.

Ọ bụ ya! Ụlọ anyị mere, anyị ekwesịghị iche ga-arụ ọrụ ruo ogologo oge na ọṅụ. Na onye ga-enwe obi abụọ!