Adọ mgbanwe olu dị ka usoro nke data nnyefe

Dị ka a maara, ndị RF mgbaàmà mejupụtara a ụgbọelu, nke dabeere radio ebili mmiri n'ụdị dị mfe harmonic oscillation u (t) = U cos ( ωt + φ). Site na nke a, ọ pụtara na na na ụgbọelu ugboro mgbaàmà, e nwere atọ onwe ha kwa, na-emetụta na akara nke nwere ike ịgbanwe akara mgbaàmà.

Nke a pụtara na o na-atọ ụdị: njupụta (AM), ugboro ole (FM) na-adọ mgbanwe olu (PM).

Adọ mgbanwe olu - a usoro mgbasaozi analọg ma ọ bụ digital ọmụma site na-agbanwe agbanwe na mbụ n'akuku (adọ) φ ₀ ụgbọelu ugboro nke-ebute site ná mgbaàmà.

Mgbe ọ na-adọ φ (t) na-adabere na njupụta akara (mgbanwe olu) mgbaàmà, i.e., φ (t) = ω _{0 t} + _Δ φ _∙ sinΩt + φ ₀ = = φ _{0 +} ke (t), ebe k - proportionality akpata.

The na-adọ-modulated mgbaàmà na-adịkarị kọwara okwu u (t) = U _n mmehie [ωt + φ (t)].

Mgbe otu ụda mgbanwe olu [e (t) = E mmehie Ωt] anyị nwere: φ (t) = φ ₀ + Ke mmehie Ωt = φ ₀ + Δφ _max mmehie Ωt.

Mgbe n'ọnọdụ ụkpụrụ omume nke φ (t) na akụkụ nke na-adọ-modulated mgbaàmà na anyị na-enweta u (t) = U _n mmehie (ω _n t + φ ₀ + Δφ _max mmehie Ωt), ebe Δφ _max - kacha mgbanwe na-adọ proportional na njupụta nke akara voltaji. Δφ _max otherwise akpọ n'akuku mgbanwe olu index na na-denoted site m.

Dị ka a pụrụ hụrụ, mgbe FM m = Δφ _max = Ke. The ozugbo uru nke a oge-mgbanwe na-adọ n'akuku Θ (t) bụ hà Θ (t) = ω _n t + φ ₀ + msin Ωt, ka ω = d Θ (t) / Dt = ω _n + mΩ cosΩt, nke mΩ = Δφ _max ω = Δ ω _n = kEΩ - kacha ugboro ndiiche maka FM ω _n, bụ ihe ra nrata nye njupụta na ugboro ole nke modulating oscillation.

N'ihi ya, mgbe FM mgbanwe olu index e ji mara mgbe kacha adọ mgbanwe bụ proportional ka njupụta akara mgbaàmà na adịghị adabere na mgbanwe olu ugboro. The ugboro ole mgbanwe banyere pụtara (ndiiche) bụ ihe ra nrata nye njupụta na ugboro ole nke modulating voltaji.

Dabere na ngwa na-adọ mgbanwe olu nwere ọtụtụ iche. Otu n'ime ha, akpan akpan, bụ a esi adọ Mgbanwe Keying.

N'ụdị a, dabere na modulating mgbaàmà dịgasị naanị adọ nke mgbaàmà, na ugboro ole na njupụta anọgide mgbe nile. Mgbe RPM ọmụma bara uru bụ ndị zuru adọ mgbanwe, na ya mgbanwe na-akwanyere gara aga ụkpụrụ.

Kọmputa circuit, nke na-akpata a mgbanwe ke adọ n'akuku nke modulated oscillation (ikwu na unmodulated ụgbọelu) na dị na modulating mgbaàmà a na-akpọ a na-adọ modulator.

Mepụtara ọtụtụ ụdị nke ihe oyiyi. Scheme mfe modulator mejupụtara a varicap - diode ike n'okpuru mmetụta nke na-agbanwe agbanwe na-achịkwa voltaji nkwụsị capacitance. Atụmatụ a, modulating na voltaji agbanwe ike nke varicap. The na-adọ mgbanwe na-adabere na ikwu ịdị ukwuu nke capacitance diode na ibu-eguzogide R.

N'ihi ya, mgbanwe na-adabere na mgbanwe olu voltaji. Nke a na-akpata a na-adọ mgbanwe olu nke redio mgbaàmà. Otú ọ dị, ndị dị otú ahụ a mgbanwe jikọtara a adịghị n'ahịrị modulating voltaji varicap capacitance na-metụtara adịghị n'ahịrị modulating voltaji na-emepụta ndị ọzọ nsogbu na-ewu na-adọ modulators.

Dị Ọcha na-adọ mgbanwe olu adịghị hụrụ a zuru ezu obosara ngwa n'ihi na nke pụta ụwa oké mwepu - ala mkpọtụ ọgụ.