Antiseptik - ihe bụ nke a? Gịnị ka ha bụ?

Gịnị mere iji ihe antiseptik? Nke a bụ otu n'ime ndị isiokwu na-achọ pụrụ iche, enyocha. Nke bụ eziokwu na e nwere ọtụtụ di iche iche nke antiseptics. All nke ha ga-eji maka ya bipụta ya, nzube, na a siri ike onunu ogwu. Isiokwu awade isi ụdị nke antiseptics na ha ngwa. Anyị na-amalite na a definition.

Gịnị bụ a ihe eji egbochi mmebi?

Nke a pụtara na-ebibi bacteria na-egbochi putrefaction decomposition. Greek si malite okwu. Sụgharịrị ịbụ "άντί" pụtara "megide" na "σηπτικός" sụgharịta ka "putrid" ma ọ bụ "gnoisty".

Ụfọdụ antiseptics bụ germicidal na ndị ike na-ebibi ụmụ nje, ndị ọzọ - bacteriostatic na naanị ike igbochi ma ọ bụ inhibit ha ibu.

Antiseptik - a ọgwụ onye irè siworo gosi. Microbicides, nke nwere ike ibibi virus ahụ, na-akpọ "antiviral ọgwụ ọjọọ."

mmetụta

Iji na-eto na-bacteria, ha na-achọ mma potassium ajụ (okpomọkụ, oxygen, mmiri). Nwaanyị ọ bụla ná ndụ ya chere ihu na ọnọdụ ndị a maka ichebe nri. Ihe atụ ọzọ bụ oge ochie na-eme nke a agbasi ozu ndị nwụrụ anwụ. Gịnị mere mgbe ọtụtụ narị afọ, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị chọpụtara nke ọma-echebewo mummies? The mfe azịza-ama-eji antiseptics.

Tupu echiche e guzobere banyere germs, na-elekwasị anya mgbochi nke ire ure. Ná mmalite, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke chọrọ gị n'ụlọnga kpebisiri, dị ka ha na-ekwu, "site anya". Nke a na usoro bụ ezi, ma ahụmahụ, dị ka anyị maara, na-abịa na oge na omume. Taa antiseptics na-inyocha dị ka ha mmetụta dị ọcha omenala nke a akpan akpan ụdị bacteria ma ọ bụ spore na vegetative iche-iche. N'ihi atụnyere ike mee ihe e mere na-eji dị ka ọkọlọtọ phenol ngwọta (okenye).

Ya mere, antiseptik - ọ bụ antiseptik disinfectant ọgwụ. Ugbu a, anyị ga-aghọta na nke ebe ọ na-kasị na-eji.

Antiseptik na nkà mmụta ọgwụ

Na mpaghara ebe a disinfection dị mkpa karịsịa. Tupu biakwa obibia nke oge a quality antiseptics ọtụtụ-eji "n'ibu ihicha" bụ itopusi na purulent formations. Site na nkera nke abụọ nke XVIII narị afọ. Lister-amụ "izizi ozizi putrefaction", dere Lui Pasterom. Mmụọ nsọ site echiche, ọ na-adịghị anya e bipụtara a akwụkwọ na-ekpughe ụkpụrụ nke antiseptik n'ịwa ahụ.

Akpan akpan anya ugwo na carbolic acid. Ọ bụ a ụzọ ọhụrụ na-emeso ahụ etuto na-emeghe fractures. Ya kachasi mkpa bandaging na a ngwọta nke a acid. Lister ghọrọ nchoputa nke antiseptik, na-enyere aka n'ụzọ dị irè na-alụ ọgụ, ọrịa. Ọzọkwa, ise percent ngwọta e karịrị na ọnya, na abụọ percent-emeso na-isi agịga Ma do na dressings, ịwa ahụ ubi aka.

Listerovskogo antiseptik Ọ bụghị naanị ndị na-akwado ma na-na-agụsi ndị na-emegide. Ọ ejikọrọ na oké irritants na-egbu egbu na mmetụta na-ma ndị ọrịa anụ ahụ, na nke dị n'aka ndị dọkịta na-awa. Ya mere, ọrụ a na mpaghara iso intensively. A nkeji iri na ise na narị afọ mgbe e mesịrị, aseptic Usoro chọpụtara. asaghe pụta mmasị. Nke mere na e nwere ndị amụma ịgbahapụ antiseptics. Otú ọ dị, nke a emewo agaghị ekwe omume. Ọrụ gara n'ihu.

N'oge na-adịghị, ndị ọhụrụ na-atụ aro antiseptics, obere na-egbu egbu na ozu. Otu ígwè ihe nhazi ịwa akwara na ọrịa gburugburu ihe. N'ihi ya asepsis na antisepsis nwere njikọ chiri anya na nke ukwuu uko.

ụdị antiseptics

Mechanical. Ọ na-ekwe ihicha nke ọnya ụmụ nje na nonviable anụ ahụ (saa purulent oghere excision (ọgwụgwọ) ọnya ala na ya n'ọnụ).

Physical (bandaging, ojiji nke ihicha nke ntụ, laser, ultraviolet ụzarị).

Chemical. Ọ dị ezigbo mkpa ọ bụghị nanị na na ọgwụgwọ nke na-emerụ na-efe efe, ma na ha mgbochi. Mmetụta ọjọọ utịp ke microorganisms.

Ndu. Ọ dabere na ojiji nke nnọọ iche iche ma ìgwè buru ibu nke ọgwụ ọjọọ na-eme ihe dị ka microbial cell onwe ya na ya toxins, si otú ime nke na-echebe ndị agha nke aru dum (bacteriophages, ọgwụ nje, antitoxins (ọtụtụ mgbe ọ bụ ọbara), proteolytic enzymes).

Weere. Kacha nkịtị, na-agụnye ọtụtụ ụdị ozugbo (e.g., a preprocessing ọnya ebupụta (n'ibu), na iwebata nke tetanus toxoid (ndu)).

Number nke antiseptics taa bụ nnukwu. Ma ha were bụ fọrọ nke nta mgbe mgbagwoju. Ndị ọzọ okwu, okwu ahụ bụ "ihe eji egbochi mmebi - ọgwụ nje" bụ, n'ezie, nke ziri ezi. Otú ọ dị, na-enweghị "ọzọ support" n'ụdị nke ọnya-elekọta ma na disinfection nke ogige ke taa na nkà mmụta ọgwụ na-apụghị ime.

Ugbu a lee kasị nkịtị ọgwụ antiseptics.

alcohols

Ethanol, isopropyl, propyl. Ịta nke si 60% 90%. Ha na-eji ma dị ọcha ụdị na weere na. Ekwe ka akuru ikpa tupu injection na ịwa ahụ. Ndị a alcohols na-emekarị jikọtara na ayodiin tincture ma ọ bụ na cationic n'elu-arụsi ọrụ ike elekọta mmadụ (chlorhexidine gluconate, benzalkonium chloride, octenidine dihydrochloride).

ammonium ogige

Ọzọ nkịtị aha - HOUR. Ha na-ebu a nọmba nke na (benzalkonium chloride (BAC), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (STMV), benzethonium chloride (BZT), cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC ma ọ bụ Cetrim)). Benzalkonium chloride na-agbakwunyere ụfọdụ disinfectants. A chọrọ maka ọgwụgwọ nke anụ tupu a waa. Eji impregnate antiseptik akwa nhicha. Antimicrobial edinam inactivated QAC surfactants anionic bekee (e.g., ncha).

boric acid

Ọ kwukwara na suppository maka ọgwụgwọ nke mmamiri fungal-efe efe. Boric acid bụ magburu onwe-akpata ịlụ ọgụ herpes virus ọgụ. Ọ gbakwụnyere na ude si Burns na ngwọta maka anya m.

Hlorgeskidina gluconate

Nke a emepụta nke biguanide. Na-atụ aro ịta - si 0,5% na 4%. Ọ ga-eji ma naanị na na Nchikota na alcohols. Eji dị ka ihe antiseptik maka anụ. Ọ na-eji na ọgwụgwọ nke gingivitis.

amamiihe akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ

Popularly kwuru na dị ka "akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na agba". A nnọọ nkịtị ọgwụ. Eji maka ọgwụgwọ nke ọnyá, obere ahụ etuto. Mmetụta ọjọọ utịp ke gram-mma bacteria.

hydrogen peroxide

Nke a antiseptik eji maka deodorization na nhicha ọnyá na onya. Na-adị kwa ụbọchị ndụ, ọtụtụ mgbe ọ na-emeso ya na a na ọkọ, eriri nwa. Dị 6% na 3% ngwọta.

ayodiin

Ọtụtụ mgbe eji na-aba ngwọta, ngwọta "Lugol". Pre- na post-ịkpa antiseptik. Akuru obere ọnyá ha adịghị atụ aro n'ihi na ọ na-akwalite n'ichihịa. Isi uru - elu antimicrobial ọrụ. Na ruo ogologo oge n'ebe isi na-egbu pathogens, gụnyere mgbagwoju forms spores nke microorganisms.

Pụtara "Miramistin"

Nke a ọgbọ ọhụrụ nke ọgwụ. Agwọ ọrịa "Miramistin" - bụ ihe antiseptik, nke a na-eji na ọgwụgwọ (ma ọ bụ mgbochi), fungal-efe efe, malitere ịrịa na nje okike. Russian mmepụta. Maka ọgwụgwọ nke ọtụtụ na-efe efe (azụzụ) ọrịa mgbe nwere ike ikwu na nke a nje. Nyocha nke ya n'ihi na ọtụtụ akụkụ dị mma. The ọgwụ na-arụ ọrụ megide a sara mbara elu ugwu nke ụmụ nje ndị na-akpata mbufụt na suppuration nke ọnyá, akpịrị akpịrị, fungal ọrịa, chlamydia, herpes na ndị ọzọ. Active mmadụ "Miramistin" site na saịtị nke ịta nke nje ahụ na-adabere.

SDA

The abụọ aha - antiseptik, stimulant. Ọ kwuo antimicrobial na-akpali akpali Njirimara. Ọ na-enyere aka mma n'ozuzu ụda, na-ebelata toxicity. Active megide Staphylococcus, tubercle nje na-akpata na ndị ọzọ. Ọ nwere a kama wetara pungent ísì, n'ihi na ndị ọzọ na-eji maka ọgwụgwọ ọrịa anụmanụ na nzube.

phenol

Na a ngwọta na-eji maka n'imeso dibịa n'aka tupu ịwa ahụ. Ọ na-atụ aro ka itucha akpịrị oghere. phenol powder fesa otubo n'oge na-agwọ ọrịa. Ọ nwere ma antiseptik na analgesic mmetụta.

Antiseptics bụ na nkà mmụta ọgwụ

Ha na-achọ na-emepụta ihe oriri. A, nke a antiseptics, nchekwa, mgbe ihe acid (e.g., acetic acid, niile mara). Ọ bụ ekele ha na e nwere a-ekwe omume n'ihi na a ogologo oge na-echekwa mkpọ. Nke nọ n'ọrụ iji antiseptics na-ewu. Ha na-kwukwara na ọtụtụ ná ndị na ágbá. Nke a na-eme ka o kwe omume na neutralize saprophytic microflora. Wood egbochi mmebi - bụ a ngwá agha dị ike megide-acha anụnụ anụnụ, ebu, ire ere na ọkụ. Ke adianade do, ọ enwekwu adị ndụ nke freshly sawn osisi.

Karịsịa na ina gbazere agbaze antiseptics. Gịnị ka ọ bụ? Ya mere na-akpọ ọgwụ, ikwe iji chebe udidi nke osisi na n'otu oge ahụ na-emesi ya mma. Translucent antiseptik ebelata akpata nke mmiri, ultraviolet ụzarị, okpomọkụ mgbanwe, bụ irè megide ụmụ ahụhụ. Antiseptics eji na-adị kwa ụbọchị ndụ. Ha na-atụkwasịkwara detergents, ha si mesoo ndị ụlọ.