Castle Insterburg: nkọwa, akụkọ ihe mere eme, na-akpali eziokwu

Insterburg Castle dị na Kaliningrad mpaghara. City Chernyakhiv, ma e wezụga n'ihi na nnukwu ụlọ, na-enye ọchịchọ ịmata ndị njem nleta na abụọ ochie ụka, otu agadi mmiri ụlọ elu na ike na-banye a ọma-echebewo German ije.

nkọwa

Castle Insterburg (Kaliningrad) - otu n'ime ndị kasị ochie owuwu dị na ókèala nke obodo. The ewu ụbọchị si narị afọ nke 14, a osisi e wusiri ike wee malite iwu na 1336 maka mkpa nke Teutonic Order, na ukwu nke n'oge ahụ Dietrich von Altenburg. Osisi na nnukwu ụlọ emecha dochie a nkume Ọdịdị.

Castle Insterburg na-ezo aka a na-echebe ihe owuwu gburugburu ya maka a mma iji chebe onwe ike ka gwuru a ekpe mmiri juru jupụtara na mmiri. Na-adịgide adịgide mmiri inflow nyere wusiri ike, nke na-eduzi akụ nke abụọ obere iyi. Construction e rụrụ Prussian agha weghaara n'okpuru idu ndú nke Order.

Na ihe arọ na osisi Ọdịdị dochie a nkume, akụkọ ihe mere eme bụ nkịtị, ọ na-amara na nnukwu ụlọ ugboro abụọ doro mbibi. Nke mbụ bụ na 1376, mgbe nnukwu ụlọ mgbidi dara n'okpuru mgbali nke Lithuanian Grand Duke Sverdeyka agha. Nke abụọ oge na ebe e wusiri ike ebibi ma na ọkụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka otu narị afọ mgbe e mesịrị, na 1457, n'oge agha n'etiti obodo nile nke Prussia. Mgbidi na-wuru na dara ọzọ, na ntọala ahụ, wuru nke nnukwu nkume ọhịa, nọgidere anọkwa n'udo, ọ na-now ẹnịm ke fọrọ nke nta ka ya mbụ n'ụdị.

aka

Gịnị bụ Castle Insterburg na mbụ ya zukọta? Mbụ niile, ọ bụ a iji chebe onwe Ọdịdị wuru iji chebe meriri n'ókèala si raids nke Lithuanians. Ke adianade agha na nzube, ọ na-eje ozi dị ka ebe a na-ibikọ ọnụ agha nke Teutonic Order, kpọrọ ya maka ókè nche na ọgụ arụmọrụ weghara ọhụrụ n'ókèala.

ije

Insterburg Castle - a mgbagwoju nke ụlọ, esịnede abụọ isi akụkụ: na citadel na Forburga. The citadel chọpụtara òtù nke Order. The ewu bụ na udi nke mechiri emechi square na abụọ ala na elu. Kemgbe ụwa, oké mgbidi, ọ dịghị decorations na window oghere. The n'ime akụkụ nke citadel anọchi anya yad na a nke ọma. Ntọala na n'okpuru ala bastion wuru nke ike ike nkume ike ike ọgwụgwọ, ugboro ugboro mgbidi wuru apịtị brick. N'ogo nke okpu citadel warara slits e nyere jide agbachitere. Kụziere surveillance nke teren na ebịne onye iro nwere ike ịrị mgbidi, ebe a okirikiri N'ezie (vergang) e liri ya. Battle nlekọta gburugburu kpuchie a nkpoda gable n'elu ụlọ. The citadel mere naanị ụzọ, emi odude ke n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nku.

Elongated ohere Forburga gbaa oké mgbidi, ugboro ọdịdị ala nke n'elu ugwu. Na nke a akụkụ nke nnukwu ụlọ mgbagwoju achịkọta agha. Forburga esi n'ime ụlọ nwere ike nwere site na akpa n'ala, n'ọnụ ụzọ dị si n'akụkụ nke citadel. Odude n'elu akpa n'ala ụmụnna mkpụrụ ndụ ejikọrọ esịtidem Itie. Conference ụlọ na a uka dị na abụọ n'ebe ugwu ụlọ abụọ-storied.

nnukwu ụlọ elu

Iji ike nchedo Forburga e onwem na elu, anamde patrol na ọgụ ọrụ. Ke adianade do, ha na-onwem na mkpọrọ mkpụrụ ndụ, na ke Re nke otu n'ime ha bụ ndị mkpọrọ. Na mberede, ndị agha nwere ike pụọ site n'okpuruala Itie. Enye ada si n'ebe ugwu ụlọ elu, gbara ọsọ n'okpuru ekpe mmiri juru, na-ebu ndị gbara ọsọ ka osimiri.

The ọnụ ọgụgụ nke agha bụ banyere abụọ na narị abụọ ndị mmadụ. Northeastern Forburga ụlọ elu ahụ octagonal udi, bụ ugbu a nanị na ntọala nọrọ site na ya. The n'ebe ugwu-n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ụlọ elu a na-akpọ Paynturm, ọ bụ gburugburu, natara ịrịba mmebi n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, na afọ 70 e bibie, nakwa dị ka fọrọ nke nta dum nnukwu ụlọ Insterburg. History na-ekwu na ulo-elu a nọ na-egbu elekere na a nnukwu mgbịrịgba. Ọzọ - ndịda-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ - ulo-elu bụ ndị kasị ibu na ya ije n'ọnụ ụzọ drawbridge na isi n'ọnụ ụzọ ámá nke dugara n'ime mgbagwoju.

Nnukwu ụlọ e bibiri nwayọọ nwayọọ: na 1684 bi hụrụ ya niile na ebube ya, na narị afọ nke 19 dum e nwere nanị otu ụlọ elu, mgbidi e bibiri.

Eze na installers

N'oge ya n'akụkọ ihe mere eme, Insterburg (nnukwu ụlọ) ghọrọ a ebe mgbaba n'ihi ndị na nke eze ọbara na European ama. Ya mere, na 1704 na osisi Czartoryski velmozhny ezo ya na ezinụlọ ya n'ime mgbidi ya. Na narị afọ nke 17 na ọ na-agakarị òtù nke eze usoro ndị eze, na mmetụta, n'ihi na a ogologo oge bi na nnukwu ụlọ nke Queen Maria Eleonora nke Sweden, nke bụ-eto ngwa ngwa nke mepere emepe akụrụngwa na aku na uba.

Na ndị na-esonụ afọ eze fleur weathered si corridors na Insterburg nnukwu ụlọ ghọrọ a ebe ọzọ adịghị eji. Ruo narị afọ abụọ (18 na 19) emi odude n'ime mgbagwoju agha depots, ikpe na ala n'ụlọikpe, n'oge agha Napoleon - a ọgwụ na ogige ndị agha. Na onye ọ bụla ọrụ ọhụrụ nke mgbagwoju e wughachiri Insterburg nnukwu ụlọ, tojuru outbuildings. Ke ufọt ufọt narị afọ nke 19 si mbụ ịdị ebube anọgide na-emebibeghị mgbidi, ntọala na Paynturm ụlọ elu ka ọtụtụ awa. Site na njedebe nke narị afọ, dị ka na-eme nnyocha na-ekweta, nzere mgbidi e kagburu dị ka mkpa.

Insterburg (mkpọchi) mgbe Agha Ụwa m na-elekọta nke abụọ oru. The citadel History Museum e meghere Forburga ẹkenịmde na Regional Court. N'oge agha, na 1945, mgbagwoju e mebiri site ọkụ na oké ifufe. Mgbe agha, ndị agha agha guzo ndị fọdụrụ ebe, na 1949 a ọkụ wee daa na citadel. N'ihi ya, ná mpụta mgbidi anwụghị, n'ime ime, elu ụlọ na n'ala ọkụ kpamkpam. Ọ bụ mmalite nke parsing Forburga, brik na-exported maka mweghachi nke akụrụngwa na Lithuania. Na 50s fọduru nke ihe owuwu na ebe e zigara ndị RSU nọmba 1. The esote nnukwu ụlọ mgbagwoju ada itie ke 2010, Insterburg Castle na-now ndinọ site ROC.

Community "Castle House"

Na 1997 otu ìgwè nke enthusiasts wee Insterburg obí eze. The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke nnukwu ụlọ ahụ gaa n'ihu na olileanya nke Olee banyere anyị taa. Ebe ọ bụ na 1999, nzukọ enwetara ọnọdụ nke a na-abụghị uru otu "Castle House". Ọtụtụ ọrụ e rụrụ, nke mere na 2003, otu oru Ngo natara a iwu ohere ịbụ nanị onye ọrụ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme ncheta.

Na 2006, site ná mgbalị nke ndị na-na nzukọ chateau mgbagwoju gụnyere gọọmenti etiti mmemme maka nchedo nke mere ihe akụkọ nketa "Culture of Russia". Ego ekenyela na mmemme nyeere na-ebu na nchekwa umu ọrụ, na-eme ka a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nnyocha sayensị, akụkụ nke imewe na atụmatụ iji weghachi ncheta.

ọrụ

Ikere gọọmenti etiti mmemme kwụsịrị na njikọ na nyefe ọhụrụ nwe nke nnukwu ụlọ. N'oge ọrụ nke nzukọ "Castle House" zọpụta na-akwalite ihe ndị mere nnukwu ụlọ Insterburg mere na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ndị a:

• The njem nleta center na ndokwa nke ọmụma ọrụ.
• The muta ebe maka ụmụaka.
• Uloru na etinyere nkà center Cultural Studies.
• Obodo akụkọ ihe mere eme ihe ngosi nka ngosi. Ọkọnọ ihe banyere mmepe nke obodo, wuru a diorama nke Agha nke Gross-Jägersdorf.
• Nọgidere na-arụ ọrụ mere laabu.
• Art gallery na ulo nzukọ.

Community "Castle House" esetịpụ a usoro nke mba oru ngo na ịhụ na-edozi izi na omenala ebumnobi. Kama n'elu ihe niile, obodo òtù agbasaghị ichebe na mweghachi nke Teutonic Castle, bit site bit na-anakọta ozi banyere Order na ihe àmà gbara ọkpụrụkpụ nke ya ọnụnọ na obí eze. Ke Ruth nke ha nnyocha ga-hazie na nkà mmụta sayensị nzukọ, nzukọ ọmụmụ, nke na-adọta na-eto eto ka Insterburg obí eze.

modernity

Iji ụbọchị Insterburg nnukwu ụlọ mgbagwoju emi odude ke a ẹnịm ala. N'ọrụ mweghachi na-adịghị rụrụ, ma na ẹnịm, dịghị ebibi. Ọbịa nwere ike ịghọta uru ụlọ na-mgbidi citadel, ụfọdụ iru ha mbụ elu.

The na-eju afọ ọnọdụ nke ndụ ugbo ụlọ na ndịda nke mgbagwoju. Kpafuo site Ụlọ Nzukọ Alaeze na nke a ochie nnukwu ụlọ ga-aga nke ọma, ha dị nnọọ ekpe. Ma, ebe a ị pụrụ ịhụ n'ezigbo okporo ụzọ, n'uche iwu ụlọ elu n'ala wepugara Re, na-anụ ọtụtụ akụkọ nke Teutonic Order, ka matakwuo na-arụ ọrụ nke "Castle House" obodo.