Dere Glinka MI.: Creativity na biography

Russian dere Glinka ekpe a ịrịba akara na ụwa nke music, dị n'azụ pụrụ iche Russian akwụkwọ nke mejupụtara. Ndụ ya kama ọtụtụ: creativity, njem, ọṅụ na ihe isi ike, ma ya isi akpan owo - na music.

Family na Nwata

Omumu nke pụtara ìhè dere Glinka na Smolensk ógbè May 20, 1804, n'ime obodo Novospassky. Nna-ya, a lara ezumike nká onyeisi, ezu uba ibi comfortably. Glinka akwa-nna nna bụ a osisi site nwa, na 1654, mgbe Smolensk ala ebe Russia, o nwetara Russian amaala, ọ ghọrọ ka Chọọchị Ọtọdọks na malitere ibi ndụ nke Russian, nweekwa ala. Child ozugbo nyere ndị na-elekọta nke nne nne bụ onye zụlitere nwa nwa ya na ọdịnala na oge na-ya na a mkpọchi ụlọ, na-enweghị ike anụ ahụ, zakarmlivala ato uto. All ọjọọ a pụrụ isi kwuo na ahụ ike nke Michael. Ọ na-eto na-egbu mgbu, na-ejighị na effeminate, ya onwe ya mesịrị kpọọ "mimosa".

Glinka fọrọ nke nta spontaneously mụtara ịgụ ihe mgbe onye nchụàjà gosiri ya akwụkwọ ozi ahụ. Site na nwata, o gosiri musical talent, ọ mụtara ka ọla kọpa efere ka simulate ụda nke hey na-abụ abụ songs babysitting. Naanị afọ isii, ọ laghachiri ndị mụrụ ya, ha na-amalite na-arụ ya na-ekpe na-akụziri. Iji ya òkù a governess, nke na mgbakwunye na n'ozuzu-akụzi ya na-egwu piano, na mgbe e mesịrị ka ịmụta violin. N'oge a, nwa okoro ahụ na-agụ, a otutu, bụ ụtọ nke akwụkwọ banyere njem, mgbe ahụ, a ahuhu amama n'ime ịhụnanya ịgbanwe ebe, nke ga-aka Glinka ndụ. Ọ na-adọta a obere, ma music na-ewe isi ebe n'obi ya. Boy na a serf eti egwú na-amụta ọtụtụ ọrụ nke oge, zutere na ngwá egwú.

afọ nke ọmụmụ

M bi n'ime obodo nke Mikhail Glinka n'ihi na ogologo. Mgbe ọ bụ 13, ndị mụrụ ya kpọọrọ ya gaa nso nso a pụtara na St. Petersburg bi n'ụlọ akwụkwọ na pedagogical Institute. Mụta nwa okoro ahụ na-akpali nnọọ mmasị, ebe ọ bụ na a nnukwu akụkụ nke usoro ihe omume enye ama mụtachara n'ụlọ. Onye nduzi ya bụ ndị mbụ Decembrist V. K. Kyuhelbeker na nwa klas - nwanne A. S. Pushkina, na onye Michael mbụ zutere n'oge ahụ, na mesịrị ghọọ enyi na enyi.

Na pansionerskie afọ ya converges na Prince Golitsyn, S. Sobolewski, Rimsky-Korsakov, N. Melgunov. N'oge a, ọ na-budata ịgbasa ya musical horizons, maara na opera, na-eleta ọtụtụ concerts, nakwa dị ka Mkpughe kwuru na a maara nke ọma egwú nke oge - Bem na Field si. Ọ perfects ya piano ebre na Usoro na natara ya mbụ ihe na ide ọrụ.

Ma ama pianist S. Mayer na-arụ ọrụ na Michael na 20s, na-akụziri ya na-arụ ọrụ nke onye dere, ihe ndị ruuru ya mbụ opus, na-enye ndị bụ isi nke na-arụ ọrụ na-eti egwú. On ikpeazụ mgbede Glinka ụlọ ndị ọbịa paired na Mayer egwuri a egwu Hummel, ndiwụt nkà ha n'ihu ọha. Dere Mikhail Glinka gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ọbịa n'ụlọ nke abụọ nke arụmọrụ 1822, ma ọchịchọ ịmụta ọzọ nwere ahụmahụ.

The ahụmahụ mbụ nke ide

Mgbe m gụsịrị ndị ọbịa ụlọ, onye dere Glinka na dịghị ọsọ ọsọ na-achọ ọrụ, ezi ọnọdụ ego kwere ya. Nna agaghị ngwa ngwa na oke nke nwa-ya ọrụ ebe, ma ọ bụghị na-eche na ndụ ya niile, ọ ga-eme ka music. Dere Glinka, na music maka nke na-aghọ mkpa ná ndụ, wee a ohere ịga na mmiri na Caucasus maka mgbazi nke ahụ ike na ná mba ọzọ. Ọ dịghị ahapụ music ihe, ịmụ Western European nketa na composes ọhụrụ ebumnobi, ọ na-aghọ a mgbe nile n'ime mkpa maka ya.

Na 20s Glinka dere ama song "Unu nwaa m agbasobiga" na amaokwu Baratynsky, "Unu na-abụ abụ, m mara mma, m" ke ederede nke Pushkin. Igosi na ya instrumental ọrụ: Adagio na Rondo maka ìgwè ndị egwú, eriri septet.

Life na ụwa

Na 1824, onye dere M. I. Glinka banyere ọrụ, na-aghọ osote odeakwụkwọ na Office nke Communications. Ma ọrụ adịghị arụ ọrụ, na na 1828 ọ gbara arụkwaghịm. N'oge a, Glinka enweta a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke enyi, na-ekwu okwu na Alexander Griboyedov, A. Mickiewicz, A. Delwig, Odoyevsky V., V. Zhukovsky. Ọ gara n'ihu, na-eme ka music, atụ ke musical mgbede n'ụlọ Demidova, dere, sị a otutu songs na romances, mbipụta na Pavlishchev "in-a me album", ebe ọrụ nke dị iche iche dere e anakọtara, gụnyere onwe ya.

mba ọzọ ahụmahụ

Ejegharị ejegharị bụ nnọọ akụkụ dị mkpa nke ndụ nke Mikhail Glinka. The ukwu mbụ esenidụt njem ọ na-eme mgbe ntọhapụ nke bi ụlọ.

Na 1830 Glinka gara a oké njem Italy, nke e gbasara 4 afọ. Nzube nke njem bụ na ọgwụgwọ, ma, ọ ka kwesịrị ekwesị N'ihi ya, na-abụ abụ na-adịghị eme ya kpọrọ ihe, mgbe niile interrupting ọmụmụ nke ọgwụ, ndị dọkịta na-agbanwe agbanwe obodo. Na Italy, enye okosobode ye Karl Briullov, pụtara ìhè-arọ nke oge: Berlioz, Mendelssohn, Bellini, Donizetti. N'ịbụ ndị a nzukọ Glinka dere ulo ọrụ site mba ọzọ-arọ na isiokwu. Ọ nọwo ná mba ọzọ na nke kacha mma nkụzi, rụọ arụmọrụ Usoro, music Ozizi ọmụmụ. Ọ na-achọ ka ya siri ike isiokwu na nkà, na na ya na-aghọ aguu ulo, ọ na-agba ume ya ide oké ọrụ. Glinka emepụta "Russian Symphony" na-ede, sị ọdịiche na Russian songs, nke ahụ na-abanye ọzọ isi ọrụ.

Large compositional ọrụ: M. Glinka

Na 1834, Mikhail nna nwụrụ, ọ na-enweta ego nke ha na-amalite na-ede ihe opera. Ọbụna ná mba ndị ọzọ Glinka ghọtara na ọrụ ya - dee Russian, ọ bụ kwalitere e kere eke nke ihe opera dabeere na mba ihe onwunwe. N'oge a ọ na-esịne ke edemede okirikiri nke St. Petersburg, ebe e nwere Aksakov, Zhukovsky, Shevyrev Pogodin. Onye ọ bụla kwuru okwu banyere Russian opera dere Verstovsky a atụ na-akpali Glinka, ọ na-e dị ka osise maka opera na nchụàjà nke Zhukovsky "Marina Grove". The plan agagh-emezu, ma ọ bụ mmalite nke ọrụ na opera "A Life maka Tsar" na isiokwu, kpaliri site Zhukovsky, dabeere na na akụkọ mgbe Ivan Susanin. The oké dere Glinka ridara na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke music kpọmkwem dị ka ndị na-ede akwụkwọ nke ọrụ a. Na ya, ọ tọrọ ntọala nke Russian opera akwụkwọ.

The premiere wee ebe on November 27, 1836, bụ a magburu ịga nke ọma. Na ọha na eze, na akatọ were mejupụtara bụ nnọọ mma. Mgbe ahụ Glinka ego n'anya kenyere eduzi Court banye n'Ụlọ Ekpere, na ghọrọ a ọkachamara musician. The ịga nke ọma sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ na-dere, na ọ na-amalite na-arụ ọrụ a ọhụrụ opera na Pushkin si abụ "Ruslan na Lyudmila". Ọ chọrọ ka ha dee libretto nke na-ede uri, ma ya nnwụchu ọnwụ gbochiri ịhụ mmezu nke atụmatụ ndị ahụ. Na ọrụ ya dị ka a dere Glinka egosi a tozuru okè talent na elu Usoro. Ma "Ruslan na Lyudmila" e kuchiri ọzọ jụụ karịa nke mbụ opera. Ọ bụ nnọọ na-akụda mmụọ Glinka, na ọ dị ihe na-aga ná mba ọzọ ọzọ. Opera dere nketa dị obere, ma o nwere a bụrụkwa mmetụta na mmepe nke mba akwụkwọ nke mejupụtara, na ka, ndị a ọrụ a doro anya atụ nke Russian music.

Symphonic music nke Glinka

Mmepe nke mba isiokwu a na-ahụ ná symphonic music nke na-ede akwụkwọ. Dere Glinka emepụta a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ibuo ọdịdị nke ọrụ, ọ na-ekwe na-achọta a ọhụrụ ụdị. N'ihe odide ya, anyị dike na-egosi onwe ya dị ka a ihunanya na melodist. Works site Glinka dere na-emepe emepe Genres na Russian music dị ka mpako na genre, lyric na The Epic ejije. The kasị mkpa nke ọrụ ya bụ Overture "Night na Madrid" na "Aragon Jota", symphonic fantasy "Kamarinskaya".

Songs na Romances

Eserese nke Glinka (andiwet) ga-ezu ezu enweghị aha ya songwriting. All ndụ ya o dere romances na songs na-aghọ incredibly-ewu ewu ugbua n'oge ya ndụ. All o dere banyere 60 olu ọrụ, nke kasị dị ịrịba ama bụ: "M na-echeta a magburu onwe oge", "Ịghọta", "Associated Song" na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ taa bụ akụkụ nke oge gboo olu nke-abụ abụ.

nzuzo

Na nzuzo nke onye dere Glinka bụ kechioma. Ọ lụrụ otu ọmarịcha nwa agbọghọ, Ivanovoy Mare Petrovne ke 1835, na-enwe olileanya ịhụ na ya a n'umu mmụọ na a na-ahụ n'anya obi. Ma ngwa ngwa, a kpọrọ nke nghọtahie dị n'etiti di na nwunye. Ọ bụ a oké elekọta mmadụ ndụ, na-etinye a otutu ego, nke na ọbụna ego si ala na ụlọ na-akwụ maka musical ọrụ nke Glinka kọrọ. Ọ na-amanye iji na-eso ụzọ. The ikpeazụ ezumike na-adị mgbe ke 1840 Glinka arụ Kate Kern, ada Pushkin si echiche. Ọ gbara akwụkwọ maka ịgba alụkwaghịm n'oge a ọ na-egosi na ya na nwunye ya na nzuzo di a opì-ike Vasilchikova. Ma nkewa na-egbu oge maka 5 afọ. N'oge a, Glinka wee site a n'ezie ejije: Kern ime, achọrọ ya kpam kpam jikoro, ọ inye nkwado ego ya ka Bibie nke nwa. Nke nta nke nta, mmekọahụ na-egbukepụ egbukepụ adịkwaghị, na mgbe gbara alụkwaghịm ahụ na 1846, Glinka nwere nweghị mmasị ịlụ. Niile nke ndụ ya ọ nọrọ otu riri enyi na enyi otu na orgies, nke nwere a detrimental mmetụta ama ogbenye ike. February 15, 1857 na Berlin, Glinka nwụrụ. Mgbe e mesịrị, na arịrịọ nke nwanne ya nwaanyị nwụrụ anwụ foduru e gaa Russia na lie Tikhvin Ili Ozu na St. Petersburg.