General Pedagogy - ihe bụ nke a? Ihe aga-eme nke general pedagogy

Discipline na iwu ndị na-achịkwa mmụta nke mmadụ, nke a na-emepe emepe site ọzụzụ na izi usoro agụmakwụkwọ njikọ niile ụdị - general pedagogy. Ọzụzụ a na-enyere aka na-a ihe ọmụma nke ihe ndị bụ isi na sayensị nke ọha mmadụ, nke uwa, nke mmadụ. Site pedagogy dị ka a ịdọ aka ná ntị kpụrụ worldview na-emepe emepe ike maka ihe ọmụma, ọ na-aghọ doro anya ihe nakawa etu esi na Filiks nke ụwa, enwetara ka nkà ọrụ na ọzụzụ, nke dị mkpa maka onye ọ bụla. General pedagogy - bụ nnukwu ike maka zuo nke a dịgasị iche iche nke bara uru nkà. Ọ bụ a usoro iwu usoro nke pedagogical sayensị, nke explores pedagogical ihe ọmụma, na ọrụ na ụzọ, Ozizi na omume. Ke adianade do, ebe nke ndị ọzọ na sayensị na-ekpuchi general pedagogy. Nke a dị nnọọ mkpa na ọtụtụ ọmụmụ na-amalite na isiokwu. Nke mbụ, na-akọwa ọrụ, ọ dị mkpa na imekọ ihe ọnụ na nkà mmụta ndị ọzọ mkpa ịmata ọdịiche dị n'etiti usoro iwu na etinyere pedagogy.

Ngalaba na-etoju

Isiokwu nke general pedagogy ekewa anọ bụ isi ngalaba, ọ bụla nke aghọwo otu nọọrọ onwe ha, alaka ụlọ ọrụ ihe ọmụma.

1. General bases.
2. Ịmụta ozizi (didactics).
3. Theory akwụkwọ.
4. School ochichi.

Nkebi nke ọ bụla nwere ike anya na abụọ etoju - usoro iwu na etinyere ya. General pedagogy - bụ, n'elu ihe nile, ihe ọmụma sayensị, nke dabeere na systematization na nhazi ọkwa nke ndị dị mkpa mere eme na-na definition nke ebumnobi mmekọahụ guzosie ike n'etiti ha. Banye ọhụrụ ihe ọmụma na-kasị mfe nyere ojiji nke na-ama nwetara ozi na na-enwetara bụghị naanị na klas pedagogy, ma a dịgasị iche iche nke ihe ndị ọzọ. General ntọala pedagogy ịme na-amụrụ na isi nke sayensị, nke dị mkpa ka a mata na njikọ na ihe nakawa etu esi, nke bụ a mkpa maka systematization nke eziokwu na-achọ nyochaa. Budata ụba larịị nke erudition, ma ọ bụrụ na a onye na-ewe ihe nketa nke echiche nke usoro. Ya bụ, ndị a ihe ọmụma na nkà ma na-agafe izugbe kpuchie maka muta.

Part nke a ịdọ aka ná ntị bụ ya n'ọnụ akụrụngwa - didactics, na-ekpughe ụkpụrụ nke assimilation nke ihe onwunwe, ya bụ, ozizi general pedagogy. Na olu kọwaa site na ya, na ihe owuwu nke ọ bụla N'ezie, ọ na-amalite na mma nzukọ forms na ụzọ nke dum ịmụta ihe. Theory agụmakwụkwọ - nke general pedagogy, ịmụ Filiks nke àgwà na mmepe, guzobe nke kweere, analysis na echiche nke akwụkwọ nke ọ bụla na interpersonal mmekọahụ. Theory agụmakwụkwọ nwere ụzọ nke na-arụ ọrụ na ndị dị iche iche ndị nwere ọgụgụ isi ikike, volitional ngosipụta, agwa àgwà, mkpali na ọdịmma. Education na-abịa na isii ebe: ahụ, oru, aesthetic, nke omume, na iwu na ndị nwere ọgụgụ isi.

Age pedagogy

General na ọkachamara pedagogy ndị budata dị iche iche onye ọ bụla ọzọ, ruo n'ókè kasịnụ, ọ na-adabere afọ ịgba. Ọ na-akọ ọkachamara ọzụzụ na ubi nke ọkachamara ọzụzụ: nkụzi pụrụ ulo oru mbo, ọrụ aka, izi na nke sekọndrị, pụrụ iche na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na kwekọrọ ekwekọ aha nke ọ bụla n'ime alaka. Ọzọ, na onye ọ bụla alaka ụlọ ọrụ nwere "epupụta", nke ahụ bụ pedagogical ihe ọmụma ekewa iche iche mmiri, nke na-adabere na ojiji nke ụlọ ọrụ. N'ihi ya bịara agha pedagogy, engineering, ọgwụ na na. Site na nnukwu, izugbe na ọrụ aka pedagogy-arụ otu ọrụ. Dị nnọọ afọ ọmụmụ usoro ọmụmụ ha kpọmkwem n'ime onye ọ bụla kpọmkwem afọ otu, ekpuchi afọ niile si amụ full toro. The amaka nke technology afọ pedagogy, ngwaọrụ, usoro, ihe nakawa etu esi na nzukọ nke ọzụzụ na izi Filiks niile agụmakwụkwọ njikọ - nke ụdị ọ bụla.

• Nursery pedagogy.
• General ụlọ akwụkwọ ọta akara pedagogy.
• Pedagogy nke ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị.
• Pedagogy nke elu-akụziri.
• Androgogics (n'ihi na ndị okenye).
• Pedagogy nke atọ Age (maka ndị agadi).

About akwụkwọ pedagogy nsogbu mkpa ikwu ihe ole na ole ọzọ, n'ihi na ha na-edozi na iji usoro dabara maka iji na-akụziri ndị mmadụ nọ n'afọ ndụ nile. Ebe a anyị na-amụ ihe dị iche iche izi ụdị - mepee, na-ekwu, formations, na-egosi ibe izi na-elekọta mmadụ Filiks. Anyị na-atụle akwụkwọ management nsogbu na nzukọ muta usoro, eneme ọrụ nke onye agụmakwụkwọ njikọ, na-elekwasị anya ụzọ na ọdịnaya management azụmahịa ụlọ akwụkwọ site na ochichi - na ala elu, si director nke ewumewu na Ministry of Education. Ihe aga-eme nke general pedagogy abịa ukwuu n'ime ihe ndị a chọrọ nke kasị elu larịị nke na-edu ndú.

ọkachamara

Production pedagogy iji na ọzụzụ ndị na-arụ ọrụ, orients ha ọkachamara mmepe, iwebata ọhụrụ teknụzụ, ọkachamara ọzụzụ. Nke a kpọmkwem mmetụta na ọdịnaya nke izi ihe onwunwe na ya ọdịnaya. The otu nwere ike kwuru banyere ọzụzụ nke ndị agha. Nke a bụ a n'ozuzu pụrụ iche agụmakwụkwọ, na-amụ atụmatụ nke mmụta na ndị agha ubi. Ebe a, dị iche iche na etu usoro iwu ntọala, ụzọ na iche-iche na agụmakwụkwọ na ọzụzụ nke agha nke ọ bụla n'usoro. Otu ụzọ na-achọ kpọmkwem na mkpokọta na-elekọta mmadụ pedagogic. Ọ na-amụ Filiks nke njirimara guzobere na nkọwa ndị doro nke na-elekọta mmadụ ọnọdụ nke ya anya na-elekwasị anya na-deviations si norm na ihe mere ha ji omume, na ọ mepụtara ụzọ nke resocialization nke deviants. Social pedagogy ekewa atọ ngalaba: ezinụlọ, mgbochi na ntaramahụhụ (re-omempụ). Site na nke a, anyị pụrụ ikwubi na ihe n'ozuzu pedagogic pụrụ ịbụ nnọọ dị iche iche, na-adabere kpọmkwem ngwa ihe ọmụma.

Defectology - agbazi pedagogy na-amụrụ management nke ọnọdụ na mmepe nke ndị na-anụ ma ọ bụ iche echiche nkwarụ. E nwere ọtụtụ ihe dị iche iche ebe n'ime mpaghara a, nke na-anọchite anya general pedagogy. History of Pedagogy na Education na-akpọ nke mbụ nke ọ bụla alaka ebe, izi-etoju na ọdịmma ọrụ. Ekemende defectology e kwere nkwa ọlụlụ bụghị naanị ụmụ akwụkwọ na-anụ ihe, ọhụụ, na ọgụgụ isi, ma chọpụtara na okwu ọrịa, n'uche nkwarụ, na ije ọrịa na autism. Tụkwasị na nke a kpere uru na usoro iwu alaka nwere - a comparative pedagogy, ebe ihe general pedagogy-amụrụ ọnọdụ na ihe nakawa etu esi nke omume na ozizi na dị iche iche n'ógbè na mba, mba kpọmkwem, ruru nke ọnọdụ, na-achọ iche-iche na ụzọ nke ibe inwetara nke usoro mmụta na ojiji nke ndị mba ọzọ na ahụmahụ.

Iwu na regularities

Ọ bụla sayensị mejupụtara a usoro iwu na ha iwu. Gịnị bụ iwu, ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-na-ekwurịta okwu na conditionality nwayọọ nwayọọ ugboro ugboro na ọkpụrụkpụ. Ihe Ọmụma nke iwu na-enyere aka na-ekpughe ọ bụghị ihe niile mmekọahụ na nkwukọrịta, na naanị ndị na-n'ụzọ zuru ezu na-egosi na onu ya. Iwu bụ ebumnobi, ebe ọ bụ nanị eziokwu ndị e dere na ha. Otu n'ime ihe ndị na-elekọta mmadụ subsystems --ezi ihe, na ya mmiri ahụ n'otu ụzọ ejikọrọ mmekọrịta.

Ya mere, e akụziri iwu ka a Atiya ma ọ bụ echiche. General pedagogy emeso ya dị ka a na udi nke na-anọchi ebumnobi, dị oké mkpa, dị mkpa, nkịtị na ike ugboro ugboro onu n'okpuru ụfọdụ pedagogical ọnọdụ, nakwa dị ka mmekọrịta nke mmiri nke dum usoro, nke na-egosipụta usoro nke onwe-mmezu, onwe-mmepe na ịrụ ọrụ nke usoro mmụta n'ozuzu ya. Otu ụkpụrụ - a na-egosipụta nke iwu, e nwere ụfọdụ akụkụ nke echiche nke "na-ezi iwu", n'ihi na eji na-amụ onye ọcha nke usoro na ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ na-muta usoro.

ụkpụrụ

Principles of general pedagogy dabeere nnọọ na ndabere nke iwu na regularities, na-atụgharị uche na onu otú ahụ, ihe ọ na-ekwesịghị kwesịrị ịbụ, na-enye osisi otú ọ bụ ihe amamihe na-eme ihe iji lebara mkpa pedagogical ebumnobi. The ụkpụrụ na-eje ozi dị ka usoro iwu chọrọ na ibiere bụ iji melite arụmọrụ nke ihe ngwọta. ha nwekwara ike ịbụ a bụ isi ọnọdụ na a usoro na-akpụ ihe na-akpata maka mmepe nke usoro iwu pedagogy.

Principles na-ezi sayensị na-egosi na set: prirodosoobraznost na kulturosoobraznogo, Ịhazi na-agbanwe agbanwe, nsogbu ma optimality, nnweta nke ọzụzụ na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. Pedagogical Atiya, na-egosi na isi statutory ndokwa, dabeere na ozizi na etu ji a nkịtị atụmatụ dozie nsogbu agụmakwụkwọ (nsogbu) - nke a bụ pedagogical ụkpụrụ. Onye ọ bụla n'ime ha na-emejuputa atumatu dị ka iwu ụfọdụ.

iwu

Regulatory chọrọ, ụkpụrụ, na ngwa na-atụ aro maka mmejuputa iwu na ụkpụrụ nke mmụta na ọzụzụ - a pedagogical iwu. Dị ka ihe atụ, ụkpụrụ nke affordability na accessibility nke mmụta kwesịrị ka a na-emejuputa atumatu na-enyemaka nke ndị dị otú ahụ iwu: ajụjụ na n'ezie larịị nke njikere na mmepe nke ụmụ akwụkwọ, ojiji nke ozizi ego, tinyere ọhụhụ, guzosie mụtara tupu ihe onwunwe na ọhụrụ nnabata jikoro na mgbagwoju anya nke na na.

The ụkpụrụ kọwaa atụmatụ nke ozizi na-eme, na ndị na-achịkwa - ya si eme, ya bụ, na-ebu a bara uru, etinyere uru, dị ka ihe guzosiri ike ngwọta nke kpọmkwem nsogbu ma na-egosipụta na onye causal mmekọrịta, kama n'ozuzu izi ụkpụrụ. Ya mere, na ndị bara uru ozizi eme mkpa ka a dabeere na dum usoro nke iwu na ụkpụrụ ya nile ike n'ezi ihe na coherence nke onye ọcha. Nke a chọrọ a dum set nke ya iwu nke general pedagogy. Education ga-adị irè - ọ bụ isi ụkpụrụ, nke akwuru na n'elu nke a coherent usoro muta iwu na ụkpụrụ.

ala

Okwu na-ezo aka abụọ dị iche iche na sayensị, na-ada ka "izi akparamaagwa", ebe mbụ okwu - na sayensị isi, ma ọ bụ isi alaka nke akparamaagwa, iji na-amụ regularities na usoro nke muta na ọzụzụ. General Psychology na Pedagogy - ogologo na dịtụ disparate aha maka nke a ịdọ aka ná ntị. A pedagogical akparamaagwa ndụ ma na-amalite dị ka ihe etinyere sayensị ka mma ozizi omume, iji rụzuru nke niile alaka nke akparamaagwa.

Nke a na okwu pụtara na ya ugbu ụdị bụ ozugbo. Ókè-ala-ịdọ aka ná ntị n'etiti akparamàgwà na pedagogy e achọ a okwu na mgbe a na-akpọ pedology, ibuo pedagogy, na na na mbụ atọ nke iri abụọ na narị afọ, ndị a ụkpụrụ e streamlined na differentiated. Ibuo pedagogy, site ụzọ, dị ka a ubi nke nnyocha pedagogical eziokwu na izi akparamaagwa aghọwo a ubi nke ihe ọmụma na psychological ndabere maka uru na usoro iwu muta.

Na-achị na akpọkwa

Ebe ọ bụ na izi akparamaagwa amụ iwu nke mmepe nke ọzụzụ na-akụziri ndị mmadụ, ọ na-jikọrọ anya na ndị ọzọ ọzụzụ: a esi na nwa akparamaagwa, psychophysiology na, n'ezie, na pedagogy - n'ọnụ uru. Tupu etinyewe na isi nke ịdọ aka ná ntị, ọ dị mkpa icheta na ọ bụla alaka ụlọ ọrụ nke sayensị na-agụnye echiche nke ihe na isiokwu. Nke ikpeazụ na-ezo aka n'otu n'otu ebe nke eziokwu na họọrọ ka na-amụ a sayensị. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ihe aha na aha. Gịnị bụ ihe nke general pedagogy? General Pedagogy, n'ezie.

Ma isiokwu nke sayensị - a otu n'akụkụ ma ọ bụ multiple n'akụkụ nke ihe na-amu, ọ bụ onye ma ọ bụ ndị aka, ka isiokwu nke sayensị na-dị. Gịnị bụ isiokwu nke general pedagogy? A ọtụtụ n'ime ha. Ọfọn, n'ihi na ihe atụ, pathologist. Ma ọ bụ pedagogy nke ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị. Isiokwu adịghị egosi n'akụkụ niile nke ihe, ma nwere ike na-agụnye eziokwu ahụ bụ na n'ozuzu ihe anọghị. Ma n'ihi na mmepe nke ọ bụla sayensị na-agụnye mmepe nke isiokwu ya. Ihe ọ bụla ihe nwere ike ịbụ na isiokwu nke ọmụmụ maka a dịgasị iche iche nke sayensị. Dị ka ihe atụ, a onye. Ọ na-amụ fọrọ nke nta niile sociology, physiology, mmalite, bayoloji, na ndepụta na-aga. Ma nke a owuwu ọ bụla sayensị a isiokwu - eziokwu na ọ na-amụ na nyere ihe.

Science Pedagogy

Iche site na ndị ọzọ dịghị sayensị na-amalite, otu ihe na-eme na izi alaka nke ihe ọmụma ụmụ mmadụ. History of Education na-ekwu na ndị mbụ pedagogical echiche mepụtara na izugbe nkà ihe ọmụma ụzọ. The mbụ echiche banyere otú e si zụlite ma na-akụziri ndị e gosiri na okpukpe nkwenkwe, akwụkwọ na omebe iwu ulozheniju gara aga. Scientific ihe ọmụma na-amụba, mere n'oge iche na sayensị, pedagogy, kwa, e guzobere dị ka a dị iche iche alaka. Mgbe ahụ, wee oge nke disengagement intrascientific, akpụ a plurality nke alaka nke usoro na pedagogical sayensị. Mgbe ahụ, dị ka sayensị nke sayensị, a oge nke njikọ nke sayensị. Ma definition anọgide n'otu: n'ọmụmụ regularities na nnyefe nke ndị okenye ọgbọ nke na-elekọta mmadụ na ahụmahụ ndị na-eto na-arụsi ọrụ usoro nke mgbaze.

Ya ihe general pedagogy weere na phenomena nke eziokwu, inye onyinye mmepe na guzobere nke onye na a bara uru N'ezie nke azụmahịa educator na ọha mmadụ. N'okpuru onu nke eziokwu ebe a pụtara, n'ihi na ihe atụ, agụmakwụkwọ dị ka agụmakwụkwọ na ọzụzụ na-ebute ọdịmma nke ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu nakwa dị ka otu na steeti. The isiokwu nke ọmụmụ pedagogy-ahụ ihe niile otu ụma na consciously haziri pedagogical usoro. Pedagogy dị ka sayensị explores bụghị nanị ọdịdị kamakwa nakawa etu esi, na ọnọdụ, echiche na ụkpụrụ na mmepe nke muta usoro, ọ na-emekwa ụfọdụ na mmepe nke ozizi na nkà na ụzụ, mma nke ọdịnaya, ihe e kere eke nke ọhụrụ nzukọ iche-iche, ụzọ na usoro nke pedagogical ọrụ. Ndị dị otú ahụ a definition nke isiokwu ihe na ihe ahụ na-egosiputa definition nke na pedagogy - na sayensị nke ọzụzụ na-akụziri ndị mmadụ. Ya ebumnobi bụ njirimara nke ihe nakawa etu esi na search maka ezigbo ụzọ nke guzobere, ọzụzụ na-akụziri ndị mmadụ.

Ọrụ na-aga-eme

Ọrụ nwere ihe abụọ izugbe pedagogic: n'ọnụ na nkà na ụzụ, ma onye ọ bụla n'ime ha nwere ike na-emejuputa atumatu na atọ etoju. First - a nkọwa ma ọ bụ nkọwa, nchoputa na prognosis, nke abụọ - na ntule mgbanwe mpiaji. Ihe aga-eme nke general pedagogy ọtụtụ isi - na anọ.

• Chọpụta ihe nakawa etu esi na izi usoro, agụmakwụkwọ, ọzụzụ, management nke mmụta usoro.
• Omumu na ichikota omume na ahụmahụ nke ozizi.
• Pedagogical futurology (amụma).
• Mejuputa ihe nnyocha n'ime omume.

Akụziri sayensị, ka ọ bụla ọzọ, emewo ka ya onwe ya ajụjụ ụfọdụ banyere ya na ọrụ ya. E nwere ọtụtụ, ma isi - atọ. Mgbaru Ọsọ ọnọdụ - ihe bụ na ihe na-akụziri na-akụziri? Ọdịnaya nke ọzụzụ na-akụziri - ihe na-akụziri, ịkụziri na ihe n'ụzọ? Ụzọ na usoro - esi na-akụziri na otú e si azụ? Ndị a na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ okwu nke pedagogical sayensị na-edozi kwa ụbọchị.

Basic echiche (ige)

Otú E Si Zụlite - nzube na-adịgide adịgide mmetụta iji imubanye ndị dị mkpa nwa akwụkwọ na-elekọta mmadụ na ahụmahụ nke e guzobere ya usoro nke ụkpụrụ na-anabata n'ebe ọha mmadụ.

Education - karịsịa haziri na jisiri purposefully collaborative usoro nke onye nkụzi na-amụrụ ihe, nke na-iji na-enweta ihe ọmụma, nkà, ikike na ụzọ nke maara, na mmepe nke nkà na mmasị na mmụta.

Education - n'ihi na usoro nke ịmụta usoro nke ihe ọmụma, nkà, ikike, na-etolite ndabere nke echiche a omume na àgwà na ịzụlite ihe ikike.

Akpụ - mmetụta ọtụtụ ihe - ideological, ekonoomicheskih, na-elekọta mmadụ, psychological na na - guzobe a mmadụ na ọha mmadụ. Ebe a na ọ ga-kwuru na-akụziri - bụghị nanị ihe na-akpata nke àgwà a kpụrụ.

Development - mmejuputa iwu nke mmadụ Njirimara, internally pụta ụwa nime ya, instincts na ikike.

Socialization - onwe-mmezu n'oge a ndụ na mgbe nile assimilation na mmeputakwa nke na-elekọta mmadụ na omenala.

Educational ọrụ - ọkachamara ọrụ nkụzi, nke na-eji ụzọ dị iche iche na-emetụta ndị Trust na na mmekọrịta ha na-edozi mmụta nsogbu, ọzụzụ na-akụziri.

Onye Ozizi mmekọrịta - lekwasịrị anya na kpachaara anya na kọntaktị na nwa akwụkwọ ịgbanwe omume ya, ọrụ ma ọ bụ mmekọrịta.

Na sayensị, ndị a na-guzobere na mmepe nke onye, ọzụzụ a na-ewere na-kasị mkpa, n'ihi na ihe niile a bụ nke fọrọ nke nta-agaghị ekwe omume na-enweghị ọzụzụ na-akụziri - a kpachaara anya usoro ebe onye nkụzi na-amụrụ na mmekọrịta maka nyefe na assimilation nke na-elekọta ahụmahụ. Pedagogy dabeere na ihe nweta nke fọrọ nke nta niile nke ụmụ mmadụ na sayensị, ngwa ngwa mepụtara, na-emepe emepe usoro na technology chọta ụzọ kacha mma nke guzobere nwa àgwà, agụmakwụkwọ na ọzụzụ.