Ndú okpukpe Billi Grem: biography, akwụkwọ, ezinụlọ, na-akpali eziokwu

William (Bill) Franklin Graham, Jr. - American onye ozi ala ọzọ ka enwetara mba ama ekele ya dị ebube okwuchukwu na-akpọ "agha ntụte" na ọbụbụenyi na ọtụtụ US isi.

Billi Grem: A Biography

Okpukpe na ogugu ma na ihe Evangelical Christian-Baptist a mụrụ November 7, 1918 na Charlotte, North Carolina, na ndị ezinụlọ William Morrow na Graham. Ọ bụ nke mbụ n'ime ụmụ anọ bụ onye tolitere na ha n'ugbo mmiri ara ehi. Early Years Billi Grema kwuru obere na otu ụbọchị ọ ga-ekwusa ozi Christian Gospel 215 nde mmadụ nọ n'ihe karịrị 185 mba gburugburu ụwa. Ọ na-ege ihe ndị mmadụ karịa onye ọ bụla n'akụkọ ihe mere eme, ọ bụghị na-agụta ọtụtụ nde, nke ọ tụgharịrị na redio, telivishọn na na akwụkwọ.

Graham nne na nna ndị na nlezianya okpukpe Calvin, ma nke ukwuu ime mmụọ ụzọ ya zitere na-amaghị na-ejegharị ejegharị na-ekwusa. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 16, Billy gara a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nzukọ revivalists ndị nọrọ okwuchukwu Mordehay Hem. N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na Graham bụ ezi afọ iri na ụma, Ham na-ekwusa banyere mmehie eju nwa okorobịa. Mgbe m gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ọ kwagara Tennessee gaa a mgbanwe Christian akwụkwọ, Bob Jones College. Ma, ebe a na o chere na strangeness nke isiike ozizi nke akwụkwọ, na n'oge na-adịghị kpọfere Florida Bible Institute. N'oge ọmụmụ ya, Graham sonyeere chọọchị nke Southern Baptist Convention, ebe a họpụtara ya na 1939.

Mgbe m gụsịrị Bible Institute na a Bachelor nke Theology, Billy kwagara Illinois, na n'ihi nke mmụọ ọzụzụ debara aha Wheaton College. Ebe o zutere ya ga-eme n'ọdịnihu nwunye ya, Rut Makkyu Bell. Ọ bụ nwa nwanyị nke onye ozi ala ọzọ biri na ya na ezinụlọ ya na China na 17. Natara diplọma ọkà mmụta banyere mmadụ, Graham na Bell lụrụ Aug. 13, 1943. Ọnụ Ha zụlitere ụmụ ise.

Arụ ọrụ na Christian nwata

Graham bụ a obere oge pastọ nke mbụ Baptist Church na Western Springs, Illinois. O sonyeere a Baptist ozi ala ọzọ otu "Youth maka Christ", nke kwalitere maka ọgwụgwọ nke ndị agha na-eto eto Chineke. Na 1947, Billi Grem ghọrọ president nke Northwest School, a ìgwè nke Christian ụlọ akwụkwọ nke Minnesota. Na 1948 ọ arụkwaghịm ndị ozi ala ọzọ ìgwè na-lekwasịrị anya ụlọ akwụkwọ ruo mgbe 1952, mgbe o kpebiri na-aga ikwusa ozi ọma.

charisma ekwusa

N'oge na-adịghị, ọtụtụ imbued adọrọ adọrọ sitere n'obi ozi ọma Billi Grema. Na 1949, a kpọrọ "Christ maka Greater Los Angeles ebe," kpọrọ ya ikwusa ozi ọma nke abụọ kasị ukwuu obodo na US bi. Mgbe Graham abuana ke a redio show Stuart Hamblen, ya ewu ewu malitere ito. Na-ege ntị jupụta tent ngbasa nke ozioma na ọrụ e ịgbatị oge ọzọ ka izu ise. Na isi ọnwụ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ magnate William Hearst akwụkwọ akụkọ gafee mba kpuchie ihe omume n'ụzọ zuru ezu.

ekwusa Superstar

Dị ka a na ya pụta, Billi Grem ghọrọ a Christian Superstar. Sociologists kwere na ịga nke ọma ya na-emetụtachaghị omenala idụhe ke United States mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ. Graham na-emegide ihe ọjọ nke ọchịchị Kọmunist - otu n'ime ndị kasị egwu nke American nsụhọ. Na 1954, na N'ajụjụ ọnụ, o kwuru na "ọchịchị Kọmunist ma ọ bụ na-anwụ anwụ, ma ọ bụ Kraịst, n'ihi na n'ezie na ọ bụ a na-alụ n'etiti Kraịst na àmà na-egosi." Na biakwa obibia nke ngwá agha nuklia, nke gosiri na fragility nke ndụ mmadụ, ndị mmadụ gawara n'okpukpe dị ka a n'aka calming na Graham udo ụzọ.

N'ihi ya, o nyere aka ijikota obodo site ya na okpukpe revival. Ịṅa ntị kasị mma nkọwa iji Christianity na-agafeghị oke ozizi, Graham mere Baptist mara mma, mma, ala ọbụna, na media mere ya dị ka ọtụtụ nde ndị ozi.

televangelist

Iji mụbaa ma na-enwe ọrụ na-ekwusa na ndị òtù ya kere n'izisa ozi ọma Association Billi Grema (BGEA). Ọ malitere ya na agbasa ozi n'ikuku radio ukwọrọikọ oro ke Christian show "Songs na Night." Ọ na-ada kwa izu omume na ọwa ABC «An hour ngwọta." Ná mmalite, ọ gafere 150 ụgbọ, ma mgbe e mesịrị ha nọmba mụbara 1,200 ofụri Americas.

N'ikpeazụ, a na usoro ghọrọ a TV show, nke ruo afọ atọ. The ịga nke ọma nke redio na telivishọn na-ekwusa okwu banyere ọrụ ya dị ka Christian mediavizionera. Billi Grem, nkwusa a nụrụ site na ọtụtụ nde mmadụ gburugburu ụwa, na-eji media dị ka a n'aka agbasa Gospel.

uka evangelism

Na ịga nke ọma nke Graham BGEA meghere ọtụtụ mba itieutom na malitere na-emepụta periodicals, na ndekọ, etere, fim na akwụkwọ. The Association nwekwara nabatara akwụkwọ ịkpọ òkù si na ndị ndú okpukpe gburugburu ụwa na-eduzi n'izisa ozi ọma "agha ntụte" ná mba ọzọ. Ka izipu nnọchiteanya na-edebe a ohere, na-ahazi ọrụ afọ ofufo na-ekwe ukwe ma kpokọta anatara nke okwu. Ná ngwụsị nke ihe omume na-ege ntị a kpọrọ atụgharị Christ na izute na ime mmụọ ha nduzi.

New Isonye enweta ọzụzụ akwụkwọ ntuziaka na ọmụmụ Bible, na ntụziaka ndị obodo ndi ozuzu aturu, ndị Baptist. N'ikpeazụ BGEA malitere akpọsa Crusades na telivishọn mba. Na 1952, Graham n'izisa ozi ọma Association Billy Baptist kinomissiyu kere maka nkesa nke onwe onye ntughari akụkọ site na fim. BGEA nwekwara enwetara gafee America ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ redio ka ohuru a redio show ekwusa ruru a wider na-ege ntị.

Billi Grem: akwụkwọ na magazin

Ekwu okwu nke na-ebipụta media na 1955 ulo oru BGEA mbipụta "Christianity Today." Nke a magazine nọgidere na-abụ ndị na-eduga na ikike nke Kraịst Kraịst-Baptist. kwa ọnwa "Mkpebi" magazine malitere bipụtara na 1958. Ọ bipụtara Bible ọmụmụ, isiokwu, akụkọ ntolite nke ụka na akukonsinooge nke ọhụrụ "agha ntụte." Nke a magazine na-ebipụta na Spanish, French na German. Akwụkwọ dere ya Billi Grem - "Peace na Chineke" (1953), "The-akpata Obi Ụtọ" (1955, 1985), "My azịza bụ" (1960), "Angels: Chineke Secret Agents" (1975), "Olee otú a ga-amụ ọzọ "(1977)," The Mọ Nsọ "(1978)," Oké Ifufe ịdọ aka ná ntị "(1992)," Ọnwụ na ndụ mgbe "(1994)," The isi onye udo "(2003)," Journey: a ndu nke okwukwe nime a mgbanwe uwa "(2006) na ndị ọzọ.

Mmetụta na-akatọ

Graham si akatọ akatọ ya maka oké Liberalism na ịjụ isonye na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Fundamentalists ajụla ya mgbe amamikpe nke ime ihe ike na-eme ha otu nke mgbochi ime "Operation Rescue". Ọkà mmụta okpukpe Reyngold Nibur kpọrọ ya "simplistic" na Baptist Bob Dzhons ekwere na Graham wetaara "ihe ọjọọ na-akpata nke Jesus Christ karịa ihe ọ bụla ọzọ ndụ taa." President Truman ọbụna kpọrọ ya a "ụgha." Na 1972, ụfọdụ mgbochi Juu kwuru na-ekwusa na Nixon na-taped.

Otú ọ dị, usoro nke na-ekwusa sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ ọtụtụ nde mmadụ na-ege ntị ya nduzi ime mmụọ, gụnyere Martina Lyutera King, Bono, Muhammad Ali na United States isi si Eisenhower ka Bush. Gallup Organization akpọ ya onye nke iri kasị akwanyere ùgwù ndị ụwa 51 ugboro. Na ya dịkọrọ ndụ weere ya a nwoke a nke ịkpa ọchị, obi na-anabata, ndị ji ezi obi, aka ya dị ọcha na-anabata ihe.

ukpono

Billi Grem e ọdịda nke Freedom nke President Ronald Reagan Foundation, Nzukọ Ezumezu Gold Nrite, ndị na-agbata n'ọsọ ego Templeton "maka ọganihu n'okpukpe", "Big Nwanna Awards" na award "Ọkà okwu nke afọ." Ke adianade do, National Conference nke Kraịst na ndị Juu n'ihi na nkwalite nke ghọta ibe okpukpe okpono ya na asọpụrụ OBE.

nzuzo

Na 1992, ndị na-ekwusa mara ọkwa ọ chọpụtakwara hydrocephalus. Nwa-ya, William Franklin Graham III a họpụtara nọchie nna ya dị ka isi nke BGEA mgbe ọpụpụ ya. Na 2005, Billy na nwunye ya lara ezumike nká n'ụlọ ya dị na Montreat, North Carolina. N'afọ 2007, Ruth nwụrụ nke oyi baa na degenerative osteoarthritis. Ọ na-echeta di ya, ụmụ ise na 19 ụmụ ụmụ. Na 2008, ndị a ma ama na-ekwusa nke afọ 90.

Na 2013, Graham kenyeworo otu n'ime ikpeazụ ya okwuchukwu. Na a video na-akpọ "My America na-atụkwasị obi", o kwupụtara nchegbu banyere ahụ ike ime mmụọ nke mba ahụ. "Mba anyị bụ oké mkpa ime mmụọ edemede, - o kwuru. - E nwere mgbe e tiri m nkpu, na-akpụ akpụ site n'obodo rue obodo, na m hụrụ otú anya ndị si na Chineke. "

na-akpali eziokwu

N'ime afọ, ndụ nke Billi Grema, ọtụtụ mgbe ọ na-anọchi anya na a ka mma. Reporter "Time" ọbụna kpọrọ ya "Papa Protestant America." Ọzọ akụkọ si "YU-Es Hey Today ihuenyo", dere na Graham "bụ a Baptist na-adịghị yipụ ọtụtụ nde (dị ka Jim Becker), na-ekwurịta okwu na-agba akwụna (dị ka Jimmy Swaggart) abụghị gị wuru mega-ụka (dị ka Joel Osteen), bụghị ọ gbara ọsọ maka president (Pat Robertson) ma hazie a Christian ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-anabata ndị ọbịa (Jerry Falwell). "

Na November 2013, Billi Grem, adịkarịghị ahapụ n'ụlọ ya, wee akụkụ ke ememe nke ya 95th ụbọchị ọmụmụ na Asheville, North Carolina. The ihe e gara site banyere 900 ndị mmadụ.