Ngalaba Spine, ọrụ ha

Ọkpụkpụ azụ nke mmadụ bụ usoro dị mgbagwoju anya, na ịrụ ọrụ ziri ezi nke arụ ọrụ nke akụkụ ahụ niile na-adabere.

Kọlọtọ vertebral gụnyere 32-33 vertebrae: cervical (7 pcs.), Thoracic (12 pcs.), Lumbar (5 pcs.), Sacral (5 pcs.) Na coccygeal (3-4 pcs.). N'etiti vertebrae enwere disks intervertebral (23 pcs.). Vertebrae mejupụtara akụkụ dị iche iche nke spine.

A na-ejikọta vertebrae site na ngwongwo ngwangwa, ikuku diski, nkwonkwo. Ihe a niile na-enye gị ohere ịme ka ọkpụkpụ ahụ dịrị n'ọnọdụ ziri ezi ma nye ya nnwere onwe dị mkpa mgbe ị na-akwagharị. Ihe ndị na-agbanwe agbanwe nke dị n'ime disks intervertebral na-eme ka akụda jijiji daa mbà ma na-ama jijiji na-eje ije, na-awụli elu ma na-agba ọsọ, nke a na-ebute ụbụrụ na ụbụrụ.

Akuku oghere

Akpụkpọ ụkwụ ahụ nwere cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum na coccyx.

Cervical spain na-ezo aka elu nkewa nke na spinal kọlụm. Ọ dị iche iche site na njem pụrụ iche, nke na-emepụta nnwere onwe na ọtụtụ isi mmeghari. Akwukwo vertebra elu, nke a na-akpọ atlas na axis, nwere usoro ihe omuma nke di iche na udi nke ozo vertebrae. N'ọdịda na axis bụ isi maka ọdịda na ntụgharị nke isi mmadụ.

Ógbè thoracic bụ maka maka eriri, nke nwere akụkụ dị mkpa, n'ihi nke a ọ naghị arụ ọrụ. A na-ejikọta ọgịrịga ya (12 ụzọ abụọ).

Osisi lumbar nwere oke vertebrae, n'ihi na ha na-akwagide ibu arọ. Ụfọdụ ndị nwere isii lumbar vertebrae. A na-akpọ ihe a na nkà mmụta ọgwụ na ịmalite ime ihe. 8-10 vertebrae, fused, na-etolite sacral spine.

Na vertebra e nwere ahụ, njiko, ụkwụ abụọ, usoro ntụgharị, ụzọ abụọ na ụzọ anọ. A na-emepụta akwara vertebral site na mpempe akwụkwọ dị n'etiti etiti, ụkwụ na otu vertebrae.

N'etiti n'azụ vertebrae nke dị n'akụkụ, enwere disvertural diski, nke na-eme ka mgbanaka ụbụrụ ahụ pụta ma ọ bụ mkpịsị ụkwụ bụ pulpous. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ nke njakarị, njigide nke vertebrae dị n'akụkụ, na-eme ka ha nwee ike ịgagharị. A na-ejide eriri ahụ na mgbanaka fibrous nke na-ejide ihe dị n'ime etiti na-egbochi vertebrae ka ọ na-agbanwe.

Ogwe ụdọ ahụ nwere ọtụtụ ụrọ na eriri na-agafe na ụgbọ elu atọ. Na osteochondrosis, a na-eji eriri anụ ahụ edozi ụdọ mgbanaka ahụ, nke nwere ike mgbe ụfọdụ mee ka mgbapụta mgbagwoju ahụ na nhazi nke diski mịnya.

Ngalaba niile nke spine na-eji ngwa ngwongwo. Akụkụ vertebral nwere nke abụọ vertebrae na diski na ngwa ngwa.

Ọkpụkpụ azụ na-adị na ogwu mmiri, tinyere mgbọrọgwụ nke a na-akpọ "ịnyịnya ọdụ". Ọkpụkpụ akwara na-amalite n'ime ụbụrụ mpaghara ma na-agafe na nke mbụ na nke abụọ verbebrae lumbar.

Ọgidigi azụ, mimicking site n'akụkụ nile nke ọkpụkpụ azụ, a na-gbara ya gburugburu a ike, nro na-arachnoid na ofu na spinal kanaal, na eriri mgbọrọgwụ.

Site na mkpịsị ụkwụ, mgbọrọgwụ akwara (31 nke abụọ) na-esite n'okpukpu ahụ dị iche iche na-ekpo ekwo (spainbral) nke ọwa mmiri.

Mmadụ, dị ka vertebrates ndị ọzọ, nwere ọdịdị akụkụ nke ahụ, i. E. Nke ọ bụla n'ime akụkụ nke ọkpụkpụ azụ bụ maka otu akụkụ.

Dịka ọmụmaatụ, olu na ogwe aka na-abanye akụkụ ndị metụtara mpaghara ahụ dị na ya, obi na afọ bụ mpaghara thoracic, mpaghara nke sacral na-abanye ụkwụ, perineum, ikensi na eriri afo.

N'ọkpụkpụ akwara, enwere mpekere na cervical na lumbar. Akwukwo umuaka di iche na mpaghara ogwu di ize ndu karia na lumbar.

Dịka mpaghara ebe a na-ahụ nsogbu nke arụ ọrụ moto na nlezianya, dọkịta nwere ike ịmara ebe mmebi mebiri na nke akụkụ nke ọkpụkpụ ahụ tara ahụhụ.