Nichrome-waya: e ji mara na ngwa

Modern technology ewepụta elu ekesidiade arụmọrụ nke ya constituent ihe abịa kpọmkwem ọrụ ọnọdụ. Otu nke elu-tech alloys bụ nichrome. Wires na ngwaọrụ nwere ya, na-eguzogide ọgwụ ọjọọ ọnọdụ ọrụ.

History of chọpụtara

The alloy bụ a nickel-chromium compound, na ọdịiche tinye ígwè, manganese, aluminum na sịlịkọn.

Na mbụ m nwere ụzọ abụọ nke si malite. Esite na nnyocha sayensị na ubi nke ọla alloying na modifying ha Njirimara. Ni na ČR - mmiri nke elu-edu corrosion na-eguzogide na okpomọkụ na-eguzogide ọgwụ steels.

Dị ka a na-akụrụngwa alloy nke nickel na chromium, a chọpụtara na 1906 na USA. Taa etinye dị iche iche mgbanwe, gụnyere a atọ-ígwè-dabeere.

Key Njirimara

Ihe maka oge a kpo oku ngwa maka ezinụlọ na ulo oru na ojiji bụ doro anya na nichrome waya. Ya Njirimara izute kasị elu nkà na ụzụ chọrọ.

1. Ọdụdọ resistivity n'ime 1100-1400 Ohm * m.
2. Agbaze uche - banyere 1400s, ikwe na-arụ ọrụ na 800-1100˚S. Anọru ọrụ na-adabere na mejupụtara. N'ihi ya, ígwè ọdịnaya ebelata ya 850-900˚S, maka ezi ọnụọgụ abụọ na ọ bụ 1100s.
3. Njupụta 8000-8500 n'arọ / m ^3.
4. High ike (σ _na = 650-700 MPa); egosi echekwara n'okpuru acidic corrosive gburugburu ebe obibi na bukwanu okpomọkụ.
5. Good ductility ọnụ na exponential ekweghị ekwe na-enye ohere maka inyefe na-eru.

iche atụmatụ

Otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị ewu ewu na eletriki ngwaahịa na ahịa - Nichrome waya. The resistivity nke a akụrụngwa nke electric kpo oku ngwa Wezuga elu, na-enye gị ohere nwere a dịgasị ina.

Otu ihe dị mkpa atụmatụ nke metal bụ ya iguzogide elu okpomọkụ ọxịdashọn na corrosive n'okpuru nkịtị ọnọdụ. A isi ọrụ na-egwuri ebe a chrome. Mmewere werekwa a n'elu kwekọrọ ihe oxide film, nke rụrụ a na-echebe ọrụ. Ọ bụ maka na kwekọrọ ekwekọ ọchịchịrị agba ihe na-anọchi ihe e ji mara ọcha-agba ntụ n'oge n'ibu mwepụ nke oxidized oyi akwa.

Ọ bụ uru na-arịba ama na kpọmkwem na kọntaktị na asịd ka-ebibi ya, karịa ọbụna corrosion na-eguzogide tungsten.

Two-akụrụngwa alloy nwere magnetik Njirimara. Ha ime maka otutu mgbanwe, ma ha ebelatawo arụmọrụ.

Nichrome waya bụ jupụtara na nkume, na-apụghị mfe mmetụta ike.

Systematize ọmụma banyere otú iji chọpụta Nichrome waya, tumadi otú ọ dị iche na mpụga ma ọ bụ yiri ihe:

1. White ọhụrụ metal, ọchịchịrị - na mbụ mepụtara.
2. Na-adịghị mma ma ọ bụ negligible magnetik.
3. Rigidity.
4. Mbibi site asịd, ọxịdashọn kwụsie ike n'okpuru nduzi nke okpomọkụ.

ewere nomenclature

Ẹdude ụdị dị iche na mejupụtara, inwe nso Nichrome alloy. The waya nwere a nile eji, nke a kpebisiri ike site na onye Njirimara nke ọ bụla.

• Group 1 - resistor ihe: H20N80, H20N73YUM-VI, VI-N80HYUD, H15N60.
• Group 2 - Metal kpo oku ọcha anụ ụlọ na ulo oru eji na elu e ji mara nke okpomọkụ na-eguzogide: H20N80-H-VI, H15N60-N, N-HN70YU, H20N80-H HN20YUS.
• Group 3 - maka ọrụ na okpomọkụ ruo 900˚S: N50K10, Kh25N20.

Na dayameta nke Nichrome waya nke ìgwè nke mbụ bụ 0,009-0,4 mm, na nke abụọ - 0,2-7,5 mm.

"Ikwu" bụ Cantal ma ọ bụ fehrali - chromium alloys, aluminum na ígwè. Ha na-na-ji site elu eletriki resistivity, iguzogide okpomọkụ n'ime 1250-1400˚S, ma obere pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi, albeit ala uru (H23YU5, H13YU4, H23YU5T, H27YU5T, H15YU5).

chọpụtachaa ihe e deburu stampụ

Properties na ngwa nke na ngwaahịa si nichrome kpebisiri ike na site na ya chemical mejupụtara. Tụlee ndị bụ isi.

• H20N73YUM-VI: chromium - 20% nickel - 73% aluminum - 3% molybdenum - 1.5% manganese - ruo 0.3% titanium - 0,05%, ígwè - 2%, carbon - na 0,05%; gbazee na a agụụ itinye n'ọkwa usoro;
• HN70YU-H: ČR - 27%, Ni - 70%, Al - 3%, igwe - ruo 0,3%, CS - na 0,03%, Ba - ruo 0,1%, Fe - 1.5% , C - 0,1%; maka electric kpo oku ọcha;
• HN20YUS: ČR - 20%, Ni - 20%, Al - 1%, Zn - ruo 0,2%, Ca - ruo 0,1%, Si - 2,5%, Fe - 50%, C - na 0, 08% - heaters maka ulo oru ite-ọku uku.

ụdị ngwaahịa

Nhọrọ nke ọ bụla alloy nke e ji elu àgwà nkà na ụzụ na n'ibu e ji mara, ga-ebe na usoro. Karịsịa mgbe ọ na-abịa elu na-eri. N'ihi ya a elu-tech na ọnụ ihe onwunwe bụ nichrome waya. GOST 8803-89, 12766.1-90, 12766.3-90, 12766.4-90 akọwa chọrọ, atụmatụ na-akanye ngwa. Dị na ụkpụrụ na dabere na ọdịdị ihu atụmatụ, na-metal na-dị maka ire n'ụdị waya ma ọ bụ teepu, oke nke nke na-adabere na dayameta, cross ngalaba, n'ogologo, kpọmkwem iji.

A kwesịrị ekwesị isi iyi na-akpọrepu maka ulo oru n'ichepụta teepu zigzag, coiled waya.

Product nkọwapụta

Mgbe ị na-ahọrọ na ngwaahịa si nichrome dị mkpa ịtụle ndị na-esonụ atụmatụ:

• elu ọnụ resistivity;
• n'obosara, cross ngalaba na ibu;
• n'ezie impedance na ọrụ okpomọkụ àmà dabere na anụ ahụ kwa.

The elu ọnụ ụkpụrụ nke ihe ndị bụ isi e ji mara parametric na-ekpebisi ike site na GOST ma na-adabere ọkwa na mejupụtara.

Nichrome waya-n'obosara-ekpebi ya cross-ngalaba na kwekọrọ ekwekọ ibu skein ebumnobi eguzogide.

N'ihi ya, arọ nke waya (nichrome) 100 mita ngwaahịa bụ ihe ra nrata nye ya size, na dayameta na sectional ebe - bụ inversely proportional ahụ n'ezie na-eguzogide.

The ọrụ okpomọkụ adabere ọ bụghị nanị na chemical mejupụtara, kamakwa na parametric e ji mara.

Na dayameta nke waya na-emepụta site na-emepụta, ọ bụ n'ime 0,05-12 mm na etere - 0,15-3,2 mm.

ngwa

Quality mgbe niile ziri ezi na-eri. The otu na-emetụta ndị Nichrome alloy. Waya ibe nke ihe a na n'ọtụtụ ebe, na-eji na ebe ọ bụla ọzọ ọla ike dochie ha. High eletriki eguzogide, ọxịdashọn eguzogide, elu-edu n'ibu Njirimara, gụnyere corrosive gburugburu, elu okpomọkụ ọrụ ọnọdụ - niile a ga-eji dị iche iche ubi.

Na ụlọ ọrụ:

• Thermocouples metallurgic electric furnaces.
• Structural ọcha maka itinye n'ọkwa metal--agbaze akụrụngwa.
• Industrial ventilashion ihicha.
• Parts of boilers na okpomọkụ exchangers.
• Ọdụdọ mmepụta: resistors na rheostats.
• Ụfọdụ electrodes maka ịgbado ọkụ.
• Single na multi-eduzi eletriki wires.

Ọ bụ isi bughi akụrụngwa nke niile oge a ngwa:

• Heating ọcha na electric kettles, mmiri heaters, boilers, heaters.
• Heating ọcha na ntutu dryers, curling ịgà, ịgà.
• Automotive kandụl na kpo oku usoro.
• Kọmputa sịga.

Ikekwe price - naanị drawback Nichrome ihe onwunwe. Waya bicomponent ụdị nickel-chromium ga-abụ ihe dị oké ọnụ. Ọdịnaya nke ígwè na-ebelata ichekwa nickel, n'aka, mezie a ala na-eri, ma-enye ohere na Cr20Ni80. Oke na-adabere na oru chọrọ.

Ịhọrọ ngwaahịa si nichrome n'ezie arụ ọrụ na ozi na chemical mejupụtara nke na-adọrọ mmasị ika, ya eletriki conductivity na-eguzogide, anụ ahụ e ji mara nke n'obosara, cross-sectional n'ogologo. Budata mmasị na mkpa akwụkwọ, nakwa dị ka na-enwe ike anya ịmata ihe dị iche alloy si ya "asọmpi". N'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị họrọ onwunwe - isi ihe na ndị a pụrụ ịdabere na ngwá na nkà na ụzụ nke ya njikọ aka.