Ntọhapụ nke Russia si Tartar yoke - dị ka o mere

N'ihi na ọtụtụ narị afọ na-Russian ala-akwụ ụtụ ahụ Golden Horde. Isi site n'ọgbọ ruo n'ọgbọ, gara Horde-akwụ ụgwọ, agbanweta ndi edoro na mbe na-mkpirisi ibu eze. Ntọhapụ nke Russia si Tartar yoke bụ na 1480. Nke a ụbọchị ahụ gbanwere ihe ndị mere nke anyị na ala.

Mongol-Tatar yoke

Na-arụ nke dum ugwu-ọwụwa anyanwụ nke mba Russian ókèala ahụ adịghị enwe ike ime ihe Golden Horde. Ma n'ala ndị a chọrọ ndị mwakpo dị ka a na-adịgide adịgide ụtụ a pụrụ ịdabere na isi iyi. Ìgwè ndị agha Tatars na Russian n'ókèala ama, ya na-adịgide adịgide ike na-adịghị arụnyere. Ma, n'agbanyeghị na-enwe kwa afọ ego na àjà, na Tatar-Mongol anaghị ekwe nkwa nchebe nke-isi. Russia ókè mgbe nile doro mbuso agha nke Swedish na Lithuanian agha. Site n'ime obodo tisasịrị esemokwu na esemokwu. The mwakpo maara na ile mba ga-enwe ike iji na-enye ha a kwesịrị rebuff, otú ọma kpalitere ịkpọasị n'etiti ha gbara agbata obi-isi.

Ivan Kalita

Na 1327, e nwere nanị a nnupụisi ndị megide Tartar yoke. Russ ụjọ na-echere ọhụrụ punitive wakporo. Mgbe a na isi na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mmiri na-egosi Ivan Kalita. Enweghị ike agbahapụ na Tatar-Mongol, o kpebiri na naanị nri, si ya echiche, ụzọ - na-edu ndị agha nke Golden Horde ochie onye iro nke Moscow - Tver ihe gbasara onye isi. N'oge a Kalita m nwetara si Tartar Khan labelụ na ghọrọ ndị Grand Duke. N'ihi ya, anaghị etinye ntọhapụ nke Russia si Tartar yoke.

Century agha buildup

Ná ngwụsị nke na-XIV narị afọ Moscow ji too ogologo karịa obodo ndị ọzọ na ghọrọ center nke ala South-Eastern. Prince Ivan Kalita mere a otutu ike obodo na adaa na Russian agaghịkwa pụtara Horde ìgwè ndị na-apụnara mmadụ. Ya iwu a na-ọma iso, Simeon ndị mpako. Na 1346 ọ na-enweta ná mma na Tver na ọbụna lụrụ otu n'ime ụmụ ndị inyom Prince Vsevolod nke Tver. Ya mere nwayọọ nwayọọ na ọ malitere ná mma Russian-isi.

Nke abụọ kwesịrị ncheta ụbọchị na ntọhapụ nke Russia si Tartar yoke malitere na 1362. N'oge a, Khan e nyere a labeelu na oké ọbubu-eze nke Simeon ndị mpako nwa nwanne - Dmitriyu Ivanovichu Donskomu. N'otu afọ pụtara na Russian emere n'ubọchi aha Nne. Ọ dịghị onye pụrụ iche, mgbe ahụ, na ọtụtụ afọ mgbe e mesịrị ha ga-izute, na a agha ga-abụ otu nke kasị ukwuu agha nke Middle Ages. Don me ntọhapụ nke Russia si Tartar yoke. Mamay gbachiteere ala, ozugbo ike Batu. The ajụjụ ahụ dị ka ndị a: ma ọ bụrụ na Dmitry oge kpọkọta Russian ala gburugburu Moscow ma ọ bụ mum abịa na-agha-ya idogbu Moscow imegide ọchịchị.

agha Kulikovo

Don bụ naanị afọ 20 mgbe e nwere mkpa na-alụ ọgụ azụ ka Golden Horde. Russian ọchịchị ịzụlite ahia na omenala mmekọahụ na Western mba, ọ mee ka mmepe nke ihe ndị metụtara agha na uto nke ụlọ ọrụ. Ịzụlite si eme na mmughari nke agha dị mkpa oge. Echefula na a siri ike gọọmenti etiti choro ntọhapụ nke Russia si Tartar yoke.

Year na afọ nke Agha nke Kulikov nlezianya họrọ. Muscovy ama akụ na ụba na ndị agha leverage na jikọrọ aka, nke mere na igba nke Russian agha na-arụ ọrụ si eme nnọọ nke ọma.

Kulikov agha wee ebe September 8, 1380. N'ihi na oge mbụ Russian agha na-enwe ike inye a kwesịrị ekwesị rebuff. Horde nwere a space uru n'elu Don agha, ma nri atụmatụ agbawo mkpụrụ - isi Mamaia agha e bibiri, na Khan nwere agbahapụ. Ma, n'agbanyeghị na ntọhapụ nke Russia si Tartar yoke emeghị-ebe na oge a, Kulikov agha bụ mmalite nke revival nke mba nsụhọ. A Zolotaya Orda wee na-agbalị iji weghachi ya mmetụta na gbochie ịdị n'otu nke Russian ala.

Ivan III Oge

Oge nke ọbubu-eze nke Ivan III bụ oge a na-ewusi ike nke ndị agha Russia na cordons ala. Kazan bụ nke mbụ mmeri nke ala-eze nke eze, mgbe nke ọ bụ ike nọrọ n'okpuru Novgorod. Nke a ọrụ agha ka nsogbu Akhmad Khan, o wee malite iji dozie mbuso agha. Site 1480 na ihe niile dị njikere akpatre ebe ahụ ntọhapụ nke Russia si Tartar yoke. Year na afọ n'ihi na a họọrọ site ohere - Russia aghọwo a isi na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na aku na uba center, nke nwere ya, ike agha.

The ozi ọma na Han Ahmat na-akwadebe maka agha, wee Moscow na n'oge ọdịda 1480. Grand Prince Ivan III-etinye na osimiri Oka ha ike regiments. Han Ahmat mụtara na ya zutere, na-ekpekwa Kaluga dịrị n'otu na ya mmekorita Casimir. N'ụzọ ziri ezi ekpebi ntụziaka nke ije agha nke Golden Horde, Ivan III jide onye iro na Ugra osimiri. Ahmad egwu-awakpo, mgbe osimiri kpuchie ice. October 26, Ugra nwetara. Ahmad guzo. 11 November, n'agbanyeghị eziokwu ahụ n'ụzọ nile ndị na-akpasu iwe meghere, Khan laghachi azụ. Nke a ụbọchị na-eme ememe ntọhapụ nke Russia si Tartar yoke.

ọgwụgwụ

The ndị dike na mgba nke Russian ndị megide ndị mwakpo oobespechila ọdịda nke Tatar-Mongol mgbasa. 240 afọ nke Russian ala tucked na Europe ndị gbara ọchịchịrị-agba ìgwè, were brunt nke ndị mba ọzọ na mbuso agha na-egosipụta mmetụta mwakpo. Year ntọhapụ nke Russia si Tartar yoke kwere mba anyị iji na-eso ụzọ nke ha onwe ha na mmepe.