Nwughari nke ntọala: nkà na ụzụ nke na-arụ ọrụ

mgbe ụfọdụ na e nwere mkpa ịgbanwe ma ọ bụ ịrụzi isi mgbe ogologo oge iwere n'ụlọ. Nwughari nke ntọala - na ọ na-arụ ọtụtụ nzọụkwụ. The mkpa nke ndị a nwere ike a chọrọ mgbe mgbidi malitere ịpụta cracks, ụlọ nke biri, na ke Re nke mmiri malitere iputa.

Atụmatụ nke ele mmadụ anya n'ihu nwughari

Na mbụ ogbo ọ dị mkpa ịtụle otú ntọala na-ebibi, naanị mgbe ị dị njikere ebuli ụlọ na chọrọ elu. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ pụrụ ịzọpụta naanị a ele mmadụ anya n'ihu Mee-elu nke ihe ngwaahịa site a isi ma ọ bụ brick. Ha echichi bụ na e mere ebe e wepụrụ akụkụ nke ochie ntọala.

Isi nwughari isi

Ọ bụrụ na i nwere na-arụ ọrụ na teepu ntọala, ọ bụ kacha ka ikpe wepụrụ na-anọchi na ọhụrụ ma ọ bụ enwekwukwa. The mbụ ụlọ ga-akpọlite iji jacks, na nke a ga-eme gburugburu perimeta evenly, ma i nwere ike irreversibly mmebi mgbidi.

Ọ bụrụ na ndị nwughari-agụnye na-arụ ọrụ na ntọala ikpo, dị ka a na-achị, ha na-kpam kpam edochi. Mgbe ị kpuchie mesikwuru ihe nkwado, ị pụrụ wụnye ọhụrụ okporo osisi ya. Arụ ọrụ na nwughari nke ụdị ọ bụla nke ntọala mkpa ka ị na-amalite na-egwu ala a trenchi maka ụlọ perimeta. Mgbe ntọala kwesịrị kpochara nke unyi na ndị agadi imecha. New n'ala ka a mere ihe siri ike, nke a ga-eji fixtures. Ya echichi na-rụrụ na a ụfọdụ ndiiche si mgbidi. Nzọụkwụ na-esonụ ga- nwụnye nke formwork na grouting. Na steeti a, a ọhụrụ n'ala a ga-ekpe ruo mgbe obi ihe. Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ ị nwere ike wepu formwork ọcha na backfill ahu miri dọrọ.

Dochie ntọala nke osisi ụlọ

Nwughari nke osisi ulo na ntọala ahụ, dị ka a na-achị, na-esonyere nnọchi ma ọ bụ mmezi nke ala okpueze. Na mbụ na-na-eme ka a nnyocha e mere na isi. Waterproofing kwesịkwara-anọchi, dị ka afọ nke ọrụ na-eduga ná ya n'ime a steeti disrepair. Dị ka mma ịhọrọ a ọhụrụ monolithic ntọala maka ya nwụnye ga ebuli na-ewu nke banyere 50 cm. Echefula ọnụnọ nke mkwado mkpara kacha dayameta nke bụ hà 10-12 mm.

Iji dochie rims, ọ bụ ihe amamihe na-eji mbadamba. Buru ha kwesịrị, nyere na ha ga-adịkwa ọcha, ala akọrọ na-eji ire ụtọ. Ọ bụrụ na ụlọ ahụ bụ set on a enyemaka n'elu ntọala ga-eme ihe na-adabere ikpo.

Nwughari nke okpuru ulo a ga-eme nke ọma karịsịa na ogbo nke mgbake n'ụlọ, ebe ọ bụ na osisi mgbidi nwere ike mfe mebiri emebi. Ebulu ga-dị na ebe ihe na-adịghị emebi na rere ure na-formations. Ebe ndị a ga-eme ka metal 5-mm spacers. Ha ga-evenly kesaa ibu na log. N'okpuru Jack ga-tọrọ osisi, na ogologo nke nke bụ hà 50 cm. Walls tupu ebuli usoro dị mkpa iji na-ewusi mbadamba.

Nwughari nke ntọala nzọụkwụ ọzọ na-agụnye wepụ ochie mbadamba na echichi nke nwa oge na-akwado. Ebuli a rụrụ nwayọọ nwayọọ, site 1-2 cm. Building N'okpuru akụkụ kwesịrị idei mmiri amị na mpe mpe akwa onye akụkụ hà ka 60x60 cm. Ọ ga-nkedo site ihe footing. Ya elu kwesịrị Ẹkot elu nke teepu nke ọhụrụ ntọala. Ga-n'ịnyịnya on top of a brick ahịrị abụọ. N'okpuru ọhụrụ ntọala dị mkpa iji jupụta gravel, tupu-agwakọta ya na ndị agha brick. Ọkpụrụkpụ nke a oyi akwa - 10 cm.

Ị nwere ike ugbu a wụnye formwork na mkwado mkpọ. Mgbe ihe ogidi zastynut, ụlọ nwere ike zie site na iwepu jacks.

Dochie ntọala na ịghasa ikpo

Nwughari nke ntọala ikpo-atụle ga-kasị mfe ngwọta nke ajụjụ agbanwerịta ibe ntọ-ala ulo. Kere na-atụle maka eziokwu mgbe o kwere omume na-amalite nweghi amụbawanye, n'itinye ha perpendicular ka ọ bụla ọzọ. Nzọụkwụ therebetween ga gafere 2 m. Nke na-akwado mgbe echichi ọ dị mkpa iji tie ọwa mmanya. Mgbe ahụ jacking ewu, nke na-enye ohere ka tufuo ochie ntọala. Na nzọụkwụ ọzọ n'okpuru ụlọ perpendicular na joists mkpa ka m na-ibé, nke na-welded ka u. On doo dị mkpa iji dina waterproofing. Mmecha ndị a ọmụmụ na-egosi na ụlọ nwere ike na-etinye n'ime ebe. Nwughari nke ntọ-ala ulo a ezuwo ugbu a. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ uru na-ewere na ndị dị otú ahụ na-arụ ọrụ ka mma na-emepụta, enlisting enyemaka nke ndị ọkachamara.