Otto von Bismarck: The Way nke Iron chancelo

Otto von Bismarck bụ a ma ama German statesman. A mụrụ ya na 1815 na Shonhauzene. Otto von Bismarck natara ya iwu ogo. Ọ bụ onye kasị reactionary osote onye n'otu Prussian Landtag (1847-1848 gg.), Ma na-egwuri maka aka ike suppression nke ọ bụla amamihe na omume.

Na oge 1851-1859 Bismarck anọchi anya Prussia Bundestag (Frankfurt). Site 1859 ruo 1862 nke afọ, e zigara ya Russia dị ka ukọ, na 1862 - na France. N'otu afọ Korol Vilgelm nke m mgbe iwu esemokwu n'etiti ya na Bismarck Landtag ahọpụta ka ọnọdụ nke President nke ozi. Na nke a na ọnọdụ ọ gbachiteere ikike nke eze ike na-edozi esemokwu ya amara.

Na 60s, n'agbanyeghị oruru na mkpata na mmefu ikike nke Landtag, Otto von Bismarck gbanwee ndị agha, nke kpọrọ mụbara Prussian agha ike. Na 1863 o butere nkwekọrịta na Russian Government na nkwonkwo-eme na suppression nke ọgba aghara na Poland.

Kụziri site na Prussian agha igwe, ọ na-eburu si na ịdị n'otu nke Germany dị ka a n'ihi nke Danish (1864), Austria na Prussian (1866) na Franco-Prussian (1870-1871) Agha. Na 1871 Bismarck ọkọkpọhi post chancelo nke German Alaeze Ukwu. N'otu afọ ọ nọwo na ifịk ifịk French enyemaka na suppression nke ndị Paris mmekota. N'iji ya sara mbara nke ukwuu ikike, chancelo Otto von Bismarck n'ụzọ ọ bụla ike ọnọdụ na steeti nke bourgeois-Junker ngọngọ.

Na 70s o kwuru okwu megide Catholic ọzọ na-ekwu nke ndị ụkọchukwu na particularist mmegide, na-akwado site Pope Pius IX (Kulturkampf). Na 1878-m Iron chancelo Otto von Bismarck etinyere nanị iwu (megide ize ndụ na-emerụ ihe n'obi) na Nazi na ha omume. A na-achị machibidoro eme nke Social-Democratic ọzọ n'èzí diets na Reichstag.

All ndị n'umu nke chancelo Bismarck gbalịrị unsuccessfully iji gbochie flywheel nke revolutionary ọrụ ije. Ya Government na-ifịk ifịk efịk mba ije na Polish n'ókèala ndị na-akụkụ nke Germany. Otu nke guzogide bụ ngụkọta Germanization nke ndị bi. Chancelo nke ọchịchị na ọdịmma nke ndị nnukwu bourgeoisie na Junkers rụrụ protectionist atumatu.

Otto von Bismarck si mba ọzọ amụma a n'elu mkpa na-ewere ihe iji gbochie ọbọ nke France mgbe ya mmeri nke Franco-Prussian War. N'ihi ya, ọ na-akwadebe maka a ọhụrụ agha na mba ọbụna tupu ọ bụ ike iji weghachi ike agha ya. The French obodo na aga agha, efu a dị nnọọ mkpa aku na uba obodo Lorraine na Alsace.

Bismarck tua egwu na mgbochi German mmekota ga-kere. Ya mere, na 1873, ọ malitere bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ nkwado nke "Union nke atọ eze ukwu" (n'etiti Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia). Na 1979 Bismarck kwubiri sọrọ mmekorita, na 1882 - na Triple Alliance (Italy, Germany, Austria-Hungary), bụ nke e eduzi megide France. Otú ọ dị, chancelo na-atụ egwu agha na abụọ asakde iso ese. Na 1887 ọ banyere na Russia "a nkwekọrịta nke reinsurance."

Ke mbubreyo 80 militarist okirikiri nke Germany ga-amalite megide Russian Alaeze Ukwu a mgbochi agha, ma Bismarck atụle a ogu bụ nnọọ ize ndụ n'ihi na mba. Otú ọ dị, penetration nke Germany na ndị Balkan Peninsula na lobbying ebe Austria na Hungarian ọdịmma, nakwa dị ka ihe megide Russian ebupụ emebiwo mmekọahụ n'etiti States, nke emeela ka convergence nke French na Russian.

Chancelo gbalịrị na-eru nso Britain, ma na-aghọta ịdị omimi nke ẹdude emegiderịta na mba a. The nrutu nke Anglo-German ọdịmma ka a n'ihi nke British colonial mgbasa dugara a arịa ọrịa n'etiti ekwu. Adịbeghị anya ọdịda na mba ọzọ amụma na adighi ike ịrụ ụka na amamihe ije dugara arụkwaghịm nke Bismarck na 1890. Ọ nwụrụ na ya ala na ụlọ mgbe 8 afọ gasịrị.