35 Battery, Sebastopol. 35 ala gbara osimiri okirikiri batrị, Sevastopol - akụkọ ihe mere eme

Mgbe 1941 German agha wakporo ókèala ndị Crimea na Sevastopol na-abịa, ha cheere ruo a n'ezie "na-ekpo ọkụ welcome". agbachitere obodo nọ na-agbachitere ihe karịrị 250 na ehihie na abalị, na July 1942, e weghaara site ndị mwakpo, na-enweghịzi ebe a banyere 300 puku ndị agha ya na ndị ọrụ nche. Ma ndị kasị ọdachi egwuri si na mpaghara nke Cape Chersonese, ebe batrị 35, Sevastopol bụ. Photos teren, mere si satellite, na-egosi, ebe ala gbara osimiri okirikiri batrị №30 na 35 na na okirikiri nke ihe nke ha na egbe.

mwube

Ihe mere ihe mere mkpebi e mere na ndị na-ewu a mma-e wusiri ike ala gbara osimiri okirikiri batrị na Sevastopol, jere ozi dị ka a na-azara ọnụ odida nke ebe ewusiri ike nke Port Arthur n'oge Russian-Japanese agha. The mkpebi na-ewu mgbidi ndị e mere site Emperor Nicholas II May 21, 1911, nke e wepụtara ego nke 8 nde. Rubles. Dị ka atụmatụ e kwesịrị abụọ dị ike batrị e enịm na a mmezi nnukwu caliber si n'ebe ugwu na n'ebe ndịda flanks.

Ndị na-ewu mgbidi a malitere na 1912. Ọ na-inseparably jikọtara aha engineer TS. A. Kyui, onye bụkwa nwekwara a ma ama andiwet. Ha na-akpa gwuru trenches n'okpuru nnukwu ụlọ elu, wuru n'ogige ndị ọzọ azụmahịa ogige, ma na-ewu ama etre site ntiwapụ nke mgbanwe na ụdi agha obodo n'azụ ya.

Construction maliteghachiri naanị na 1925. Ugbu a, ọ ẹkenịmde n'okpuru idu ndú nke abụọ Soviet agha injinia - B. K. Sokolova na V. V. Vystavkina. Site ọdịda nke 1929 e mesịrị etinyere n'olu 35 ala gbara osimiri okirikiri batrị. Sevastopol gara a mbon esịnede òtù nke Soviet ọchịchị, gawa site I. V. Stalin onwe ya. Nke a nleta akpatawo a dị ịrịba mma na ezinụlọ na-elekọta mmadụ nche nke pesonel gafee Black Sea Fleet isi.

Description ala gbara osimiri okirikiri batrị nọmba 35

Na ókèala batrị anọ 305-millimeter egbe, mere ndokwa na abụọ na abụọ turrets. na-jisiri site abụọ onwem iwu posts - isi na idobere. Ha nọ n'ógbè nke 300 na 450 mita si egbe nkanka onwe ha.

Onye ọ bụla n'ime ihe ndị a gụnyere nke armored conning ụlọ elu, sitere na jakị, nakwa dị ka kwurula ike na nkwurịta okwu na unit, bụ nke dị na a omimi nke atọ ala na nzuzo. Miri ka bụ ụlọ ebe ngwá na-arụnyere, site na nke na-eduzi kpọmkwem management nke égbè.

Owuwu, ebe mberede iwu post, nwere a n'akụkụ alaka ụlọ ọrụ, kpọmkwem ịnweta beach. Ọ na-eje ozi ọ bụghị nanị dị a azụ ụzọ ọpụpụ, ma gosipụta drainage na Sewerage usoro. Olee ihe enyemaka otu usoro e ruo eruo na batrị №30, nke bịara n'ime ọrụ na 1933.

emplacements ndokwa onwe ya ezigbo ebe a họọrọ. Na a ilekiri, ebe a na-ele dum Sevastopol (35 batrị na map - na foto n'elu). Ndokwa a na-enye ohere maka firing nke egbe na a okirikiri oru, t. E. Iji see lekwasịrị, ọ bụghị nanị na oké osimiri ma na-na ala. Ọ bụ ya mere ihe ndị kasị mkpa ike na ndị dike agbachitere obodo bụ 35 ala gbara osimiri okirikiri batrị. Sevastopol na ebe gburugburu ya shei si egbe n'ebe ugwu ruo Bakhchisarai, na n'ebe ndịda - na Bajdarsky ụzọ ámá na Simeiz.

Ke adianade do, nke dị ná mpụga batrị onwem na 5 bunkers mere nke mesikwuru ihe. Onye ọ bụla n'ime ha na-onwem na atọ igwe egbe.

na-atụghị anya na-egbochi

Site na mmalite nke Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya, na-agbachitere Sevastopol ẹkewetde nke abụọ 12-anụ ọhịa armored chetyrehorudiynyh batrị №30 na 35, ọtụtụ iri na abuo nke ọma onwem chebe onwe na ogbunigwe ọnọdụ. Ọ na-anọgide a omimi ọbụna taa, mere German agha map na akwụkwọ ha na-ezo aka dị ka nkera "Maxim Gorky".

Ná mmalite ụbọchị nke agha ndị Soviet agha na-edu ndú, o doro anya na otu n'ime nzube bụ isi nke German iwu ga-Sevastopol. The mmalite nke agha bụ ndị iro bụ inexorably esịmde n'igbere mmiri na Black Sea, na October 30, 1941 hụrụ mbụ iro wakpo na obodo nke 11 Army n'okpuru General Manstein.

N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na 30-mkpọ m bụ na a dịtụ anya, ya ekiri hụrụ a dum kọlụm nke German technology, esịnede a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke tankị na ugbo ala, ngwa ngwa akpụ akpụ na obodo. Ọ dabara na ndị dịsasịrị nkeji nke Soviet agha na-ekpechite ọnụ ndị Crimea peninshula, ndị a hapụrụ ahapụ, na Sevastopol bụ kpam kpam na-emeghe ka onye iro.

November 1, mgbe ndị Germany na-eme nke ikpeazụ na-awụlikwa elu, obere nke na a ole na ole iri puku kwuru iri kilomita lekwasịrị, ha ogidi armored ụgbọala ha na mberede chụọ n'ọrụ, na ihe otiti na-esikarị ike. Anya bụ na eziokwu ahụ bụ na, dị ka German ọgụgụ isi na ebe ọ fọrọ nke nta ọ bụla agha nke Red Army.

The mbụ wakpo e abụrụ Sevastopol batrị №30 n'okpuru iwu nke A. Alexander na Maritime Army agha. N'agbanyeghị oké losses, ndị Germany ka nwere na-eru nso n'obodo.

The abụọ wakpo

A abụọ iji wakpo ndị Nazi agha ulo oru na 17 December. Ọ malitere na nke kasị dị ike ogbunigwe nkwadebe, na mgbe agha ahụ a tụbara n'ebe 5 iro nkewa. Ma mgbalị nile ahụ enweghị isi. Ha na-zutere na di ọku eguzogide si na-agbachitere nkera "Maxim Gorky" - 30 na nke 35 nke batrị. Sevastopol na a ọbọhọ.

The atọ wakpo

June 7, 1942 na 5:00 m bụ onye iro ogbunigwe na ogbunigwe, na-akwado site atụ bọmbụ site na ikuku malite ijere pụtara etiwapụ na obodo. Ya mere Manstein ulo oru ihe rụrụ nile asakde iso ese.

Iji kwado bipu na armored ugbo ala ebe a na-e nnukwu onwe-propelled ngwa agha "Karl" na-enwetụbeghị ụdị ya size anyịnya howitzer, nke aha ya bụ nwaanyị aha "Dora". Ma, n'agbanyeghị nke a, ndị agha Soviet na-edi ọkụ iguzogide ndị iro na abụrụ agha mgbe agha. Naanị 4 ụbọchị mgbe e mesịrị German agha efu ebe a banyere 20 puku. Ya agha.

Ihe gbanwere na agha wee ebe June 17 - mgbe a gbara gburugburu 30-nke batrị. Ebe gbara niile mgbọ, na-agbachitere na-amanye ịkwaga n'ime otu n'usoro nke elu. The agha kwagara n'ime ime. Agbachitere enweghị nri ọ bụla ma ọ bụ mmiri, e wezụga ndị Germany malite iji nsi gas. June 20-21, ma elu na ọtụtụ ndị ghara ikwe. Ọtụtụ agbachitere nwụrụ a jọgburu onwe ọnwụ, na ndị lanahụrụ alanahụ, tinyere onye-isi nke 30 Battery Alexander, e jidere ma n'iyi Nazi ahụhụ.

The ikpeazụ na-adọ nke ịwa

Sevastopol nchedo wee njedebe. Site June 24, na remnants nke Red Army na ndụ ndị bi na obodo wee malite ịga na Cape na ntụziaka nke batrị №35. Ya pụrụ iche omeka agu na obi ike nke ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri nke Oké Osimiri Ojii Fleet abia egwu na egwu n'ime obi nke ndị iro ha. Germany na-esiwanye squeezed encirclement wee malite leghara agbachitere nke obodo oké osimiri. The oge eruola mgbe ichighaazu a na mberede.

Manstein agha ahụhụ nnukwu losses, ma ka ọ wee na-akpasu iwe. N'agbanyeghị ọgụ site na ikuku na ala, batrị №35 mere mgbe nile bombardment nke onye iro ọnọdụ. Ma June 23 otu n'ime ụlọ elu ndị dị na batrị ahụ bibiri a kpọmkwem hit a bombu. Ozugbo okokụre shells, ndị agha wee na-ana egbe cores na grapeshot.

esi kpọpụ mmadụ nile

Night June 29 agha kansul na iwu nke ala gbara osimiri okirikiri na-azara ọnụ batrị №35 kwagara ọzọ ọnọdụ. N'echi ya, a akụkọ e zitere mmadụ Commissar nke Navy maka nkwere nke Sevastopol na-arịọ na-esi kpọpụ mmadụ nile nke ọrụ niile. July 1, ama bubatara ụgbọ elu na-na osisi ha iwu Ọdịdị, nke bụ n'ezie a ihere ọsọ, na-ahapụ na-anwụ anwụ karịa 80 puku. Nwoke!

Na otu ụbọchị na obodo e nyefere n'elu. Site na iji nke General Novikov elu na-fụọ elu na a okpuru ulo na mgbọ. Ma m ga-asị na ọbụna n'ihi na ihe karịrị 10 ụbọchị, ike agwụ agbachitere agha iji chebe onwe omume. Against ha e ji flamethrowers, grenade na nsi gas. Ọgụ wee na ọ bụghị naanị na elu ma na-n'ime batrị casemates.

N'ihi ya, kpara ala gbara osimiri okirikiri batrị 35 wetara n'elu na ẹkenịmde ruo ogologo oge otu nke kasị mma agha nke Wehrmacht, nke rụpụtara na a ịrịba idem emem nke Nazi agha na Stalingrad.

Grandiose German egbe

nke agbachitere Sevastopol The akụkọ ga-ezu na-enweghị aha eziokwu na maka mbibi nke 30th na 35th batrị e ji ndị Nazi nnukwu egbe "Carl" na "Dora", e mere na-emepụta na "Krupp" ụlọ mmepụta ihe na nke German ụlọ ọrụ. Ná mmalite, ha zubere iji na France maka Maginot akara nke wakpo, kama dị ka ị maara, na mba-wakporo àmụmà, na mkpa maka wakpo okụrede site n'onwe ya.

Karịsịa masịrị ya size egbe "Dora", nke nwere a 800-millimeter egbe caliber. Nke a na ibu ntukwasi 1.350 ise na projectile ya - 7088 n'arọ. Ọ na-e nye Sebastopol site okporo ígwè na-gbawara na-ele na a pụrụ iche maka ndị a nyiwe nzube. Ka a kpọkọta ndị egbe o were dị ka ụbọchị atọ. Iji mee ka ọ na a na-arụ ọrụ ọnọdụ, mkpa òkè bụ 5 km, esịnede a sọrọ okporo ígwè track na anya n'etiti tracks 6 m. Iji mezuo a egbe, a ngụkọta nke 5 were ụgbọ oloko esịnede ugbala 106.

N'okpuru iwu nke Majọ-Jeneral iwu ibu ngwá, e nwere ruo a puku ndị mmadụ, na dị ka a cover maka ngwá agha mee abụọ ogbunigwe battalions.

The Germany nwere olileanya a sịkwa-ngwá agha, ma ọ bụghị ezi omume na a obere bit nke niile na-atụ anya. Of 48 gbaa, naanị otu siworo dị irè - bibiri n'okpuruala mgbọ ebusa.

"Dora" bụ maa a ọrụ ebube nke na ngwá agha, ma dị ka kwuru banyere ya otu n'ime agadi ọrụ nche nke Hitler Germany Frants Galder, "Nke a bụ ọrụ nkà, ma ọ ghọrọ kpamkpam na-abaghị uru."

ngosi nka

Mgbe ẹkụre Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya, na 40-60s, mere omume ala gbara osimiri okirikiri batrị # 723, emi odude ke akani dungeons, ebe mbụ chọpụtara na 35 Battery. Sevastopol nile na-echeta na-asọpụrụ nchekwa nke ndị agha, bụ nwua n'ebe ahu.

Ke akpatre afọ iri nke XX narị afọ sharply mụbara mmasị ochie dike ihe. Na ebe ndị a na-enwe nzukọ nke lagoro ezumike nka, nakwa dị ka omume dị iche iche search ọzọ. Ọha na eze na ụfọdụ mbụ amaghị peeji nke obodo agbachitere, na ọrụ na-egwuri na ya 35 batrị. Sevastopol, onye mere eme na-aga azụ ihe karịrị narị afọ abụọ, bụ ọgaranya ndị dike na-eme. Na April 26, 2006 City Council akpatre kpebiri igosi na ókèala kpara ala gbara osimiri okirikiri batrị akụkọ ihe mere eme-ncheta mgbagwoju, wuru na nsọpụrụ nke dike-obodo agbachitere.

"35 batrị" ngosi nka malitere na-etolite na 2007. Sevastopol ka ekenyela ala nzukọ nke ncheta mgbagwoju, ma imewe, ewu, mmepe na ọdịnaya nke ya mere onwe-ha ghara ụlọ ọrụ gọọmenti na nzuzo ụlọ ọrụ nke "Tavrida Electric" na òkè nke nchegbu Sevastopol.

Tours na-eduzi site arụsị na ebe nchekwa na batrị casemates na a omimi nke banyere 25-30 mita. Ha niile bụ nnọọ free.

Esi e

Location Museum ebe - Coast Cossack Bay, 35 Battery, Sebastopol. Esi n'ebe ahụ? Ncheta mgbagwoju "35 ala gbara osimiri okirikiri batrị" nwere ike ruru ma na a onwe onye na na ọha iga. Gaa ebe a ọtụtụ tagzi ahụ nọ, bọs na trolleybuses. Ke adianade do, onye ọ bụla bi na ya ga eji obi ụtọ na-agwa gị na ụzọ.

E wusiri ike batrị 35, Sevastopol - otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị mkpa Soviet ogbunigwe e wusiri ike. Ugbu a ọtụtụ iri puku ndị njem nleta si mba dị iche iche na-abịa ebe a, ncheta-asọpụrụ ndị na-egbuke egbuke na ebe nchekwa nke dike bụ onye nwụrụ na ihe ahaghị agha na-Nazi mwakpo.