Ahụ ike, Na nkà mmụta ọgwụ
AB0 usoro na ihe-nketa nke ọbara dị iche iche na ụmụ mmadụ
Nke ahụ bụ na-anọchi anya ọbara otu, i kwesịrị ịma!
Abụkwara ọbara usoro
The antigenic Ọdịdị nke ahụ mmadụ bụ nnọọ mgbagwoju. Naanị ọbara oge a ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị chọpụtara banyere narị ise abụkwara, n'otu 40 antigenic usoro: MNSs, AB0, Kell, Duffi, Luteran, Lewis et al.
Onye ọ bụla n'ime ndị a na usoro abụkwara na-genetically ketara na koodu allelic mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa. N'ihi mfe, ha na-ekewa n'ime plasma na cellular. N'ihi Hematology na Blood Transfusion ọzọ ịrịba bụ cell abụkwara (erythromycin, platelet na leukocyte), n'ihi na ha nwere ndị immunogenicity (ike ime ka ihe dịghịzi nzaghachi), ya mere ọ na-emegide nke mmịnye ọbara ọbara cell abụkwara nke ihe ize ndụ nke hematogenous ujo ma ọ bụ DIC na na-egbu egbu. Blood abụkwara iso nke abụọ isi akụkụ: ihe antigenic ekpebi, ikpebi na immunogenicity nke hapten, na "weighting" antigen na akọwapụta serological ọrụ.
Akụkụ mbụ bụ otu ihe kpọmkwem maka nke ọ bụla antigen, ya mere iche ha si ọ bụla ọzọ. N'ihi ya, usoro ọdịiche 0 AB0 antigen fucose antigen A - N-ftsetilglyukozamin na antigen B - galactose. Ndị a determinants na-mmasị, na-alụso ọrịa ọgụ na mmepe nke dịghịzi omume. Ndị a abụkwara na-sonye na akaụntụ mgbe mmịnye ọbara, nakwa dị ka mgbe agụta ekwe omume nketa nke ọbara dị iche iche.
AB0 usoro na ya nketa
na agglutinogens (erythrocyte adhesion ihe - A na B) - Na ma 1901 godu bekee ike agglutinate erythrocytes ka onye ọ bụla ọzọ, nke a na-akpọ agglutinins (α na β agglutination plasma ihe) a hụrụ na ọbara mmadụ.
| ọbara otu | nna | |||||
| nne | M (00) | II (A0) | II (AA) | III (B0) | III (BB) | IV (AB) |
| M (00) | 00 - 100% | 00 - 50% A0 - 50% | A0 - 100% | 00 - 50% B0 - 50% | B0 - 100% | A0 - 50% B0 - 50% |
| II (A0) | 00 - 50% A0 - 50% | 00 - 25% A0 - 50% AA - 25% | AA - 50% A0 - 50% | 00 - 25% A0 - 25% B0 - 25% AB - 25% | AB - 50% B0 - 50% | AA - 25% A0 - 25% B0 - 25% AB - 25% |
| II (AA) | A0 - 100% | AA - 50% A0 - 50% | AA - 100% | AB - 50% A0 - 50% | AB - 100% | AA - 50% AB - 50% |
| III (B0) | 00 - 50% B0 - 50% | 00 - 25% A0 - 25% B0 - 25% AB - 25% | AB - 50% A0 - 50% | 00 - 25% B0 - 50% BB - 25% | BB - 50% B0 - 50% | A0 - 25% B0 - 25% BB - 25% AB - 25% |
| III (BB) | B0 - 100% | AB - 50% B0 - 50% | AB - 100% | BB - 50% B0 - 50% | BB - 100% | AB - 50% BB - 50% |
| IV (AB) | A0 - 50% B0 - 50% | AA - 25% A0 - 25% B0 - 25% AB - 25% | AA - 50% AB - 50% | A0 - 25% B0 - 25% BB - 25% AB - 25% | AB - 50% BB - 50% | AA - 25% BB - 25% AB - 50% |
Ọ dịghị obere mkpa ịmata ụdị na RH-akpata, n'ihi na ọ dịkwa mkpa ka ndakọrịta ọbara dị iche iche na mmịnye ọbara. N'ihi ya, RH-mma ọbara (RH +) bụ ike ịmịnye onye ọrịa na RH-adịghị mma (Rh-) ọbara naanị otu ugboro maka ndụ na na oké ikpe, ebe mbụ mịnye ga ịzụlite RH-alụso ọrịa ọgụ, nke na-arụ ọrụ na a abụọ mịnye (na nnata na n'ihe ize ndụ na-anwụ anwụ site ọbara ujo). The otu na-emetụta na rhesus esemokwu na tụụrụ ime nke nwa ebu n'afọ na RH-mma ọbara RH + Rh- nne na nna, ya mere, ọ dị mkpa ka gbakọọ ihe-nketa nke ọbara otu nke nwa.
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