Alexander Popov: redio na ndị ọzọ mepụtara. Biography Aleksandra Stepanovicha Popova

Alexander Popov, a foto nke ga-kọwara n'okpuru ebe a, a mụrụ na nke ógbè Perm na 1859, afọ on 4 March. Ọ nwụrụ na St. Petersburg, na 1905, na 31 December. Popov Aleksandr Stepanovich - otu n'ime ndị kasị ama Russian eletriki engineer na physics. Ebe ọ bụ na 1899, bụ afọ e mere ihe ùgwù eletriki engineer, na site na 1901-nke - a ikwu kansulo.

Brief biography nke Popova Aleksandra Stepanovicha

Ke adianade ya na ezinụlọ ya ụmụ isii. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 10 Aleksandr Popov e zigara Dolmatovsky akwụkwọ. Na nke a akwụkwọ ya nwoke tọrọ kụziiri Latin. Na 1871 Popov zigara Yekaterinburg ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị okpukpe na-atọ ọkwa, na site 1873 nke gụsịrị akwụkwọ mgbe zuru N'ezie nke 1st, ndị kasị elu Atiya. N'otu afọ, ọ banyere seminarị n'obodo Perm. Na 1877 nke Alexander Popov ọma gafere n'ọnụ ụzọ ule na St. Petersburg University na Physics na Mathematics Faculty. Afọ nke ọmụmụ ga-eme n'ọdịnihu research ọrụ ahụ adịghị mfe. Ọ na-amanye anya n'ihi ọrụ, ebe ọ bụ na ihe onwunwe na-ezughị. N'oge ya ọrụ ke ukem na ọmụmụ ha na-etolite ikpeazụ nke ya na nkà mmụta sayensị echiche. Karịsịa, ọ malitere na-agụnye ajụjụ nke oge a na physics na ọkụ eletrik. Na 1882 Aleksandr Popov gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mahadum na a ogo nwa akwukwo. A jụrụ ya aka ịnọgide na mahadum iji kwadebe maka a professorship na Department of Physics. N'otu afọ ọ gbachiteere ya tesis "On ụkpụrụ nke machini na magneto igwe na a mgbe nile ugbu a."

Mmalite nke nkà mmụta sayensị na-arụ ọrụ

Na-eto eto ọkachamara a na-nnọọ dọtara ibuo research na ubi nke ọkụ eletrik - o sonyeere klas na Mine Kronstadt prọfesọ nke eletriki engineering, mgbakọ na mwepụ na physics. E a ọma onwem ụlọ ọrụ physics. Na 1890 Alexander Popov a kpọrọ-akụzi sayensị na ụzụ College of Maritime Office na Kronstadt. Ẹbiet a, ebe ọ bụ na 1889 ka 1898, afọ ọ bụ isi nke isi ike osisi na Nizhny Novgorod Fair. All ya mapụtara oge Popov nyere ibuo ọrụ. The isi ajụjụ na ọ na-aka na-amụ ihe, ndị Njirimara nke akpa ebili mmiri.

Ihe si na 1901 ruo 1905

Dị ka e kwuru n'elu, si 1899 nke Alexander Popov nwere aha nke asọpụrụ eletriki engineer na a so na Russian tehobschestva. Ebe ọ bụ na 1901, ọ bịara prọfesọ nke physics na Electrotechnical Institute nke Emperor Alexander III. N'otu afọ, Popov e nyere a ndi nkiti na (na ndi nkiti) n'usoro ise ọkwa - State Councillor. Na 1905, obere oge tupu ọnwụ ya, Popov site na mkpebi nke Ọmụmụ Council nke Institute, ọ hoputara Rector. N'otu afọ na-ọkà mmụta sayensị ka enwetara a dacha adịghị anya site ojii. Udomlya. Ebe ezinụlọ ya biri mgbe ọnwụ ya. Ọ nwụrụ ọkà mmụta sayensị, dị ka ọ pụtara ìhè site na akụkọ ihe mere eme kwuru, si a ọrịa strok. Ebe ọ bụ na 1921, afọ nke mkpebi nke SNK nke RSFSR ọkà mmụta sayensị ezinụlọ e etinye na "ndụ aka". Nke a bụ a nkenke biography nke Popova Aleksandra Stepanovicha.

ibuo ọmụmụ

Gịnị bụ isi ihe nweta nke nke bụ ma ama Popov Alexander Stepanovich? The mepụtara nke redio bụ n'ihi nke ọtụtụ afọ nke nnyocha ọrụ a ọkà mmụta sayensị. Ya nwere na radiotelegrafirovaniyu physics nọrọ 1897 na Baltic Fleet ụgbọ mmiri. N'oge ya ọnụnọ ke Swiss ọkà mmụta sayensị na-enyere aka na mberede kwuru na mgbe a na-ezughi oke excitation mgbaàmà coherer amalite iji tọghata njupụta modulated elu ugboro mgbaàmà n'ime a ala ugboro. N'ihi ya, ọ bụ omume na-ewere ya ntị. N'iburu nke a n'uche, Alexander Popov gbanwetụrụ erite, fanye handsets n'ọnọdụ mwute ọsọ agba anọ. N'ihi ya, na 1901, ọ natara ihe ùgwù nke Russian mkpa ọhụrụ ụdị teligraf erite. Popov mbụ ngwá a ubé gbanwetụrụ sample agụmakwụkwọ ọnọdụ iji gosi nwere nke Hertz. Ná mmalite nke 1895 Russian physics bịara nwee mmasị nwere Lodge, onye mma coherer erite, na e mere, site na nke ọ bụ na o kwere omume na-enweta n'ókè na a anya nke iri anọ mita. Popov gbalịrị mụta nwa n'ikuku, na-eme gị onwe gị na mgbanwe Lodge ngwaọrụ.

Atụmatụ nke ngwaọrụ Popov

Coherer Lodge e gosiri na ụdị a iko tube nke jupụtara metal filings, ike nke na sharply - ọtụtụ narị ugboro - agbanwe ha conductivity n'okpuru nduzi nke redio mgbaàmà. Iji mee ka ngwaọrụ ya n'ọnọdụ mbụ, ọ dị mkpa ka tichapụnụ ájá - mere esogbu kọntaktị n'etiti ha. The coherer Lodge e nyere akpaka oku igba, na-eti mgbe niile na tube. Popov ẹkenam akpaka agbara njikọ circuit. Dị ka a N'ihi ya, ọsọ agba anọ na-arụ ọrụ na redio na gụnyere a oku na-aga. Na nke a na-agba ọsọ n'otu oge firing pin, nke iti ndị tube na sawdust. Na-arụ ya nwere iji Popov mepụtakwara site na naa na 1893 ebe poolu poolu.

The ojiji ngwaọrụ

The oge mbụ ngwaọrụ gị Popov adade ke 1895, afọ na April 25, dị ka akụkụ nke okwu ihu ọha "The mmekọrita nke metal ntụ ntụ ka eletriki oscillations." Physics bipụtara ha na nkọwa nke gbanwetụrụ ngwaọrụ kwuru ya undoubted uru, bụ isi ịdenye perturbations na ikpe nke ikuku na maka okwu ihu ọha na nzube. Scientific-ekwupụta olileanya na ya ngwaọrụ nwere ike a ga-eji na-ekesa n'ókè na mpaghara eji a ngwa ngwa electric oscillations ga-ahụrụ ka anya dị ka isi iyi nke mmiri na ebili mmiri. Mgbe e mesịrị (site na 1945) na ụbọchị nke ngosi Popov wee na-eme ememe dị ka Radio Day. Ya physics ngwaọrụ ejikọrọ na ide eriri igwe br. Richard, inweta ya mere, ngwaọrụ ịchọputa na ikuku akpa oscillations. Mgbe e mesịrị, a mgbanwe e ji Lachinov, ịtọ "oké ifufe egosi" na Weather Station. N'ụzọ dị mwute, na-eme nke Navy Department amanye ihe mgbochi ụfọdụ na Popov. Na nke a, na-edebe ihe ndị gbanyesiri mgbọrọgwụ ọrụ ghara igosipụta ozi, physics emeghị ebipụta ọhụrụ ihe ha na-arụ ọrụ, dị ka ha n'oge ahụ mwute ozi.