Bara uru karịa a ịhịa aka n'ahụ? The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ịhịa aka n'ahụ. The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ntoputa na mmepe nke ịhịa aka n'ahụ na Russia na nkenke

Mankind maara ihe banyere ịhịa aka n'ahụ si oge immemorial. Nna nna anyị hà instinctively kneaded, tee na-arịa ọrịa ebe nke ahu. Mgbe e mesịrị, ha hụrụ na otu omume ka aka belata ike ọgwụgwụ, na ọbụna mgbe e mesịrị, sachapụkwa na nro na akpụkpọ ịhịa aka n'ahụ na ọ malitere ga-eji. The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ịhịa aka n'ahụ na-egosi na ọtụtụ ihe odide, gụnyere Bible, nke na-ekwu nke-egweri usoro na ịtụ ahụ aromatic mmanụ.

Ke ibuotikọ emi anyị ga-agbalị ime ka a mata na isi akara nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mmepe nke ịhịa aka n'ahụ, sitere na site n'oge ochie na-agwụcha nke ugbu a na narị afọ. Chetara isi n'usoro oge mgbe na-enwe mmetụta ya guzobere, ma chọpụta ihe bụ n'ezie na ịhịa aka n'ahụ.

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke "ịhịa aka n'ahụ" bụ otú okwu nke malitere Europe na Asia. The Arabic okwu bụ "uka" pụtara "aka" na "jiri nwayọọ pịa", na French "massezh" - rubbing, na nke Grik nkọwa okwu - "afanyekwa aka."

The ochie

Drawings mere na nkume mgbidi, bụ ihe mbụ na nke ịdị adị na ojiji nke ịhịa aka n'ahụ. Ha bụ ndị isi-eme ihe nkiri na-egosi ndị mmadụ, ụlọ akwụkwọ ji agwụ onye ọ bụla ọzọ. Na saịtị metụtara nke herbs a hụrụ, mmanụ na ointments na-eji ọ bụghị nanị maka ọnya na-agwọ ọrịa, ma nro nke anụ.

Back na atọ na narị afọ iri BC, n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ na-agwọ ọrịa na-eji nkà maka ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa ma melite ọnọdụ mmadụ, dị ka ọ pụtara ìhè site na ọtụtụ Chinese odide, zuru ezu na-egosi ịhịa aka n'ahụ.

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ịhịa aka n'ahụ, na ọ bụ ya na Usoro nke malitere China. Nke a na Usoro bụ nke ndị oge ochie Chinese dọkịta chọta a egwu na-agwọ ọrịa mmetụta mgbe enwe aka kpọmkwem ihe nke ahu. Ha na-akpọ ya "Amma."

East

Mgbe e mesịrị nke a Usoro bụ mmalite nke mmepe nke ọhụrụ ụzọ nke mmetụta ahụ mmadụ, nke anyị na-eji a ụbọchị - nchọpụta nke ndu-arụsi ọrụ ike ihe na igba okpukpu, a nile nyere anyị a ịhịa aka n'ahụ.

History of ịhịa aka n'ahụ a ozokwa mepụtara na Japan, ebe usoro mma site n'ọgbọ ruo n'ọgbọ, na n'ihi na ọ na-akụkụ bụ isi nke Japanese omenala, na-enye ịrị elu ọzọ oru alaka n'okpuru aha "ASV".

Nke a na Usoro na-enye ohere ime ihe ahụ mmadụ site na ọtụtụ ọrịa biologically ifịk ihe. A obere ka e mesịrị, n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke nna ukwu nụchara ịhịa aka n'ahụ Usoro, bụghị naanị site na ịpị a mkpịsị aka. Nke a na Usoro a na-akpọ "Shiatsu" ma ọ bụ, ndị ọzọ okwu, na Japanese ntuziaka ọgwụ. Ịhịa aka n'ahụ na-agwọ ọrịa ndị na-imezu ihe ịga nke ọma na mmepe nke shiatsu nwere ike isi gwọọ a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mgbagwoju ọrịa na-akwado ndị ahụ na ezi udi.

Asia

Ịhịa aka n'ahụ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke India na-egosi na ndị India nwere jikọtara ịhịa aka n'ahụ usoro na ịdị ọcha na usoro. Famous inem Ayurveda ( "ihe ọmụma nke ndụ") si oge ochie Indian agwọ ọrịa, dere gburugburu 1500 BC, na-ekwu na ịhịa aka n'ahụ mgbe na-ewere a saa bụghị nanị dochie ike ọgwụgwụ na-akwado ndị na ọdịmma, ma kpamkpam sachapụkwa ikpa nke nsị.

Ọwọrọiso ọkà mmụta ihe ochie na-enwe ike ahụ na-egosi na ndị Ijipt na ndị Peshia na-eji ịhịa aka n'ahụ na Usoro na ọ bụghị nanị ọgwụ na nzube, ma na-dị ka ngwá maka ọdịdị ihu na dum. Ịmịpụta a dịgasị iche iche nke ointments na mixtures na mgbakwunye na nke herbs na resin mejupụtara Ijipt ụlọ akwụkwọ ji agwụ ya ahu rejuvenate akpụkpọ he agwọ.

Egyptologists na-ekwu na ndị a ma ama mma Cleopatra mgbe were baths nke mmiri ara ehi, mgbe nke ahụ odibo mere ya a ịhịa aka n'ahụ, rubbing akpụkpọ mkpa mmanụ. Mgbe uzo nke oge anyị akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ịhịa aka n'ahụ na ọdịnala-amalite ịbanye n'ime mba Europe.

Ancient Greece na Rome

Na Gris oge ochie, nnọọ nabatara a ike ndụ, ma na e ọbụna a òtù nzuzo nke ahụ, ịdị ọcha na ịdị ọcha, nke a ka na-eme n'oge a. Greeks ka anọgide na-eme gymnastic omume na a ịgachi nke pụrụ iche baths, ebe onye nke amanyere bụ iwu na usoro nwere mmanụ ahụ ọgwụgwọ na a ụdi ịhịa aka n'ahụ.

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke omume nke ịhịa aka n'ahụ bụghị ibibi na ama Olympic egwuregwu, bụ nke na-amasịkwa ndị Grik. All na-eme egwuregwu bụ amanyere bụ iwu tupu mmalite nke mpi ime ịhịa aka n'ahụ na-ebuli ihe mmụọ na ụda, ma na njedebe nke mpi usoro ugboro ugboro, ibelata ike ọgwụgwụ na-agwọ ndị unan.

Eduzi otu ụkpụrụ na-alụ ọgụ ọnwụ, ndinyanade mbịne gị ahu ịhịa aka n'ahụ ma tupu mgbe agha na arena. Homer ya a ma ama uri "The Odyssey" na-ọ bụghị otu ugboro kwuru na ịhịa aka n'ahụ na usoro inyom mara mma mgbe ndị ikom ụlọ akwụkwọ ji agwụ ahụ, na-alọta si n'ọgbọ agha.

Na narị afọ nke ise BC, Hippocrates nna na nkà mmụta ọgwụ ndị mbụ a na-amụ na mmetụta nke ịhịa aka n'ahụ usoro na-arịa ọrịa ọrịa. Dabere na kwuru na ya na-eme, o dere na nkwonkwo n'ọnọdụ siri ike nwere ike nọrọ jụụ ịhịa aka n'ahụ - nwayọọ na agafeghị oke esemokwu nwere ike thicken ákwà na akọrọ na Ugboro - sere.

Middle Ages na Renaissance

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ntoputa na mmepe nke ịhịa aka n'ahụ na Middle Ages nwere otutu gaps. Site ná mmalite nke e guzobere Alaeze Ukwu Rom ruo mgbe ọgwụgwụ nke XIV narị afọ nọ na-ndekọ naanị na ọchịchị nke Church, isi agha na agha, dị iche iche na nkwenkwe ụgha na mkpagbu nke ndị mba ọzọ. N'ihe gbasara agụmakwụkwọ, mmụta mmega ahụ na nkà, ha na-adịghị akwanyere nnọọ ùgwù.

Ma na uzo nke XV narị afọ malitere Renaissance nyere ndụ ọhụrụ ka sayensị, nkà na, n'ezie, a ike ndụ. Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ ịhịa aka n'ahụ malitere ọzọ na-eji na ọgwụgwọ na prophylactic nzube.

French dibịa Ambruaz Paré, onye bi na XVI na narị afọ, so mee ka mgbasa na Europe nke ọgwụgwọ ịhịa aka n'ahụ. Ọ bụ ikpe na-awa nke ọtụtụ French eze. O chetara akụkọ ihe mere eme ndị ọzọ n'ihi na na-enyemaka nke ịhịa aka n'ahụ agwọ ọrịa na-etinye na Queen Mary Stuart ụkwụ.

Ambroise nyere a nhazi ọkwa nke ịhịa aka n'ahụ, na-enye ya atọ degrees: nwayọọ, na-ajụ, na energetic. Taa ndị a aha anya a obere dị iche iche, ma nke kachasi mkpa nke usoro adịghị agbanwe: atụrụ ndụ, na-akpali akpali na izugbe. Ọtụtụ ndị dọkịta nke oge na nakweere Usoro nke ịhịa aka n'ahụ, na-ewere ihe na-ịgbasa ebe Paré Usoro, nke ekemende kwere ka na-agụnye akụkụ nke ahụ ike na usoro na postulates.

oge a ụzọ

The n'oge na nke mmepe nke ịhịa aka n'ahụ na-amalite site na Swedish physiologist Henrik Ling, bụ onye biri na uzo nke XVIII-XIX ọtụtụ narị afọ, onye ọrụ akara mmalite nke isi nke ọgwụgwọ omume, nke a maara n'ụwa nile dị ka ndị "Swedish ije ọgwụgwọ."

Ling ka ẹkenam ọhụrụ ala-akọwa usoro nke ịhịa aka n'ahụ: stroking, rubbing, owu, na ịme ọpịpị, inyefe na vibration. Aha ndị a na-eji nkà mmụta ọgwụ ọgbara, na-agbakwunye niile ọhụrụ okwu na nkọwa.

ude nke ịhịa aka n'ahụ

Ọ dịghị obere ama Dutch mmume George Metzger mepụtara ya ịhịa aka n'ahụ Usoro, nke dabeere agwọ ọrịa si China, ikwe na-agbake site na-emerụ ahụ na-emeso ụfọdụ ọrịa ahụ ọrụ. Ozizi ya jikọtara na uru ngwa na ubi nke mmewere na physiology kwere iji nweta a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke na-eso ụzọ gbasaa Europe ma ruo North America.

N'ihi assiduous ọrụ na-eme nke Metzger na Ling ịhịa aka n'ahụ a ghọtara site na mba ọgwụ obodo na e weere dị ka ihe dị irè usoro mmetụta maka ọgwụgwọ nke ọtụtụ ọrịa. Usoro na ụzọ aghụghọ nke ojiji nke ịhịa aka n'ahụ maka ọgwụgwọ nzube malitere izi na mmanụ aṅụ. oru maka a warara gburugburu nke ọkachamara.

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ntoputa nke ịhịa aka n'ahụ na Russia

Na oge ochie n'ala, ma e wezụga tempering usoro eji na ụfọdụ ụdị nke ịhịa aka n'ahụ. Ndị a gụnyere: effleurage osisi chocks, mara ma chebe ka na-agbachasị broom. Slav akpọ a Usoro "hvoscheniem", ọ na-kọwara n'ụzọ zuru ezu na ihe emere n'ubọchi nke oge.

Modern Russian akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ịhịa aka n'ahụ na-kọwara ná mkpirikpi ọrụ Zabludovskii Pee na ọ na-amalite na-n'ọtụtụ ebe mepụtara na na Moscow Institute of Physical Education na 1923, ebe a iche iche ngalaba nke ihe omumu ọgwụ e guzobere. ịhịa aka n'ahụ malitere mgbe ẹkenam ke egwuregwu omume na-ahụ were na n'ụlọ.