Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri ebe? The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri

The kasị ama nkiri na Russia na otu nke ama ekiri fim na ụwa - a oké nkiri. Ebee bụ obodo bụ isi nkiri? Ọfọn, N'ezie, na isi obodo - na Moscow. Ya ebi agụnye opera na balet arụmọrụ nke Russian na mba ọzọ na oge gboo-arọ. E wezụga na ndị oge gboo olu, ihe nkiri bụ mgbe niile na na na-achọpụta ihe ọhụrụ na oge a nwetara. The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri bụ nnọọ ọgaranya na ejikọrọ na aha nke ndị mmadụ mkpa ka mba anyị. Na March 2015, ihe nkiri rụrụ 239 afọ.

Olee otú ọ na niile malitere

The nna nna nke Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri a na-ewere Prince Potr Vasilevich Urusov, ọ bụ n'ógbè ikpe na n'otu oge ahụ nwere ya nkiri troupe. Ọ bụ ya bụ naanị onye e kwere ka hazie arụmọrụ, ỤFỌDỤ, concerts na ndị ọzọ na ntụrụndụ. Karịa onye ọ bụla adịghị ekwe ka na-ekere òkè dị otú ahụ a okwu nke na-enweghị aka nke onye-isi. Ma ihe ùgwù a machibidoro ya na-arụkwa ọrụ - iji wuo ụlọ mara mma maka ụlọ ọrụ, nke ga-ewere ọnọdụ niile echiche. E a oyi nke Prince Maddox aha, onye bụ onye mba ọzọ, ọ kụziiri mgbakọ na mwepụ na Grand Duke Paul - ọdịnihu nke Russian Emperor. Ụra na ịhụnanya na-show azụmahịa, na ọ nọgide Russia na-abịa grips na mmepe nke-eme ihe nkiri. Prince Urusov okpu iwu a nkiri, dị ka emebi nkiri aha njide, nakwa dị ka ọrụ rụọ a ụlọ, kwagara Maddox, dapụtara na ya o wue Grand Ụlọ ihe nkiri. Olee ebe a na-eme ihe nkiri kere Maddox, mara ọ bụla nke abụọ amaala nke Russia, ọ na-emi odude ke nrutu nke Ụlọ ihe nkiri Square na Petrovka.

Ụlọ ihe nkiri Building

Maka owuwu nke ụlọ ihe nkiri Maddox họọrọ ala na nke na Prince Rostockiy na ya na-agbapụta. Nke a bụ a n'okporo ámá na aha Peter, ọ bụ mmalite, ebe a na Big nkiri e wuru. Address Ụlọ ihe nkiri now - Ụlọ ihe nkiri Square, 1. The nkiri e wuru na ndekọ oge, dị nnọọ 5 ọnwa, ọbụna n'ihi na oge anyị na niile n'oge a teknụzụ na ụlọ ihe bụ ihe ịtụnanya na pụtara. O mepụtara a oru ngo maka owuwu nke ụlọ ihe nkiri ewu Christian Roseburg. The nkiri bụ ọmarịcha n'ime, na-ege ntị anya site na ya mara mma, na facade nke ụlọ, na Kama nke ahụ, bụ a obi umeala, unremarkable na fọrọ nke nta mgbe mma. The nkiri nwetara aha mbụ - Petrovsky.

emepe Ụlọ ihe nkiri

The ụlọ nke Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri e mepere 1780, na December 30. Nke a ụbọchị bụ nke mbụ arụmọrụ troupe ya ụlọ. All akwụkwọ naanị dere banyere oghere, nkiri nna ukwu ma na ma ama architects dị ka otu gbasasịa Ekele ụlọ, na-akọwa ya dị ka a siri ike, a nnukwu, uru, mara mma, mma ma elu ya n'ụzọ niile kasị ama ekiri fim na Europe. The isi obodo ahu nwere nnọọ obi ụtọ na-ewu na ùgwù, nke nyere Maddox nri nke ntụrụndụ, e ịgbatị oge ọzọ 10 afọ.

The n'ime ime mma

Iji mepụta echiche gburugburu ụlọ nzukọ wuru, na-akpọ rotunda. The ụlọ nzukọ mma na ọtụtụ enyo na kpuchie iri anọ na abụọ crystal Chandeliers. Ọ haziri nke ulo onwe ya Maddox. Near ogbo, dị ka na-atụ anya, ìgwè ndị egwú olulu e odude. Ezigbo idaha ndị stools ọbịa nke nsọpụrụ nke nkiri na guzo-abịa ekiri, ndị ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-nwe nke nnukwu ụlọ troupes. Ha chere dị mkpa ka Medox, n'ihi na nke a mere ha na a kpọrọ-eji ejiji rehearsals, mgbe nke na ha na-ada ka mkparịta ụka ahụ nke na-abịa arụmọrụ.

N'afọ nke nkiri na-egosi banyere 100 arụmọrụ. Buy tiketi maka otu arụmọrụ bụ agaghị ekwe omume, n'ihi na ihe nkiri na-ege ntị zụtara kwa afọ na ndenye aha.

N'ime oge ahụ, ihe nkiri bịaranụ ka njọ, uru na-erughị, na-eme ihe nkiri malitere ịga nke ekwuru na ụlọ ahụ na-ada n'ime ire ere. N'ihi na a nnukwu opera ụlọ ọha na eze wee a aha ọhụrụ - Imperial.

nwa oge anyanwụ dara

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri bụ bụghị mgbe niile mara nnọọ mma, nọ n'ime ya, na mwute oge. Na 1805 ihe nkiri ọkụ ala mgbe isua 25 nke ịdị adị. Chebere naanị ibu na-amị mgbidi na akụkụ. Nwughari malitere naanị na 1821, mgbe Moscow e rụrụ na-agbake site na mbuso agha nke Napoleonic agha. The isi-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ bụ onye e nyere ọrụ iji weghachi akụkụ bụ isi nke obodo, gụnyere ihe nkiri, bụ Osip Bove. Ọ bụ innovator, ọ e mere n'okporo ámá malitere wuru na a dị iche iche n'ụzọ, ma ugbu a na mansions na-anya nke ihe n'okporo ámá ma ghara ime ogige ahụ. Bove duru mweghachi nke ndị Red Square, Alexander Garden, n'ógbè nso nkiri. Nwughari nke Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri bụ ihe ịga nke ọma nke ya oru ngo. The ọhụrụ ụlọ e wuru na Alaeze Ukwu style. Dị ka-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ dịkọrọ ndụ, dị ka a phoenix bilitere site na ntụ nke Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri.

The Metro bụ nnọọ nso na-eme ihe ngosi, ya mere, na-aga ihe nkiri bụ nnọọ adaba ọ bụla n'ókè nke Moscow.

Nwughari nke ekwuru ụlọ

Mweghachi nke ihe nkiri ahụ malitere na 1821 na ya ruo ọtụtụ afọ. Ná mmalite, atụmatụ emelitere nkiri ụlọ mere site ma ama St. Petersburg-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ Andrei Mikhailov, Gọvanọ nke Moscow mma atụmatụ. Mikhailov azụlitewo a nkiri ụlọ ke udi nke a rektangulu, na n'ihe owuwu ụzọ mbata nke asatọ ogidi na Apollo n'ụgbọ ịnyịnya ya na n'elu n'ihe owuwu ụzọ mbata, a ulo envisaged ruo puku abụọ na ndị mmadụ. Osip Bove reworked Mikhailova oru ngo ebe Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri bụ ala, gbanwee otosịrị iru nke ụlọ. Beauvais nwekwara kpebiri na ya agaghị na-etinye na akpa n'ala nke shopping pavilions, dị ka echiche na ọ bụ unsightly. Hall ghọrọ a multi-storey, mma nke ulo - ọgaranya. The mkpa ụlọ acoustics na-hụrụ. Na Beauvais ọbụna a nnọọ mbụ echiche - ime ka mirror ákwà mgbochi ahụ, ma na-aghọta nke a echiche, N'ezie, agaghị ekwe omume, ebe ọ bụ na ndị dị otú ahụ a ákwà mgbochi ga-incredibly ike.

abụọ ọmụmụ

Nwughari nke ihe nkiri e dechara site na njedebe nke 1824, rụzigharịa nkiri ụlọ ahụ eguzobe na January 1825. The mbụ arụmọrụ, nke ihe omume ahụ bụ akụkụ nke balet "Sandrilona" na-akpan dere maka na oghere nke nkiri na Alyabiev Verstovsky mmeghe "Triumph nke chere echiche kwuo." Beauvais bụ etiti nke uche, na-ege ntị kelere ya na égbè eluigwe otuto na ekele. The ọhụrụ nkiri bụ nanị ịtụnanya na ya mma. Ugbu a, ihe nkiri a na-akpọ "Bolshoi Petrovsky Ụlọ ihe nkiri". All egwuregwu arụmọrụ mgbe niile a ịga nke ọma. Ugbu a ọbụna ihe amamiihe bụ Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri.

Metro - kasị adaba ụzọ na-esi na Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri. The kacha nso ebe na-eme ihe nkiri - na ọ bụ "Ụlọ ihe nkiri" ebe "mgbanwe Square", "Okhotny Ryad" na "Alexander Garden". Nke onye na-ahọrọ ebe - na-adabere na amalite nke ụzọ.

ọzọ ọkụ

N'oge opupu ihe ubi nke 1853 na-eme ihe nkiri na-ejide ọku ọzọ, ọ bụ nnọọ ike na were ụbọchị abụọ. The elu-igwe na otú ekpuchiworị anwụrụ ọkụ ojii na hụrụ niile n'akụkụ nke obodo. Na Ụlọ ihe nkiri Square gbazee niile snow. The ụlọ ọkụ ala fọrọ nke nta kpamkpam, na-ahapụ nanị ibu-amị mgbidi na a owuwu ụzọ mbata. The ọkụ bibie tent, ekike, music Ọbá akwụkwọ, ngwá egwú, otu nke e nwere ndị ụfọdụ. Ọzọkwa mebiri site ọkụ Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri.

Olee ebe a na-eme ihe nkiri, ọ bụghị siri ike ịhụ, ọ na-emi odude Ụlọ ihe nkiri Square na-esote ya a ọtụtụ nke na-adọrọ: Maly Drama Ụlọ ihe nkiri, Youth Ụlọ ihe nkiri, Ụlọ ihe nkiri School Shchepkin, Cabaret "Metropol", na House of ịlụ, Okhotny Ryad, Department Store, na ncherita-iru ihe nkiri bụ Karl ncheta Marx.

n'ọrụ mweghachi

Architect bụ onye e abuana ke revival nke nkiri ndụ, bụ Albert Cavos, na ya oru ngo wuru Mariinsky Ụlọ ihe nkiri na St. Petersburg. N'ụzọ dị mwute,-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ na-anwụghị obere ọmụma. Ego nke mweghachi nke ihe nkiri bụ ezughị, ma ọrụ ọganihu ngwa ngwa were a obere ihe karịa otu afọ. The nkiri e meghere on August 20, 1856, ugbu a na-akpọ ya "Great Imperial Ụlọ ihe nkiri." The premiere arụmọrụ nke weghachiri eweghachi ihe nkiri bụ opera "m Puritani" site Italian andiwet Vincenzo Bellini. Maka ọhụrụ nkiri nwere àgwà dị iche. The obodo chere na ọ bụ ebube na mpako nke ya, dị ka injinia na architects, ụfọdụ n'ime ha chere na nwughari ekenịmde Kavos, dị nnọọ iche si na ihe nkiri turu ime Mikhailov na Beauvais, karịsịa maka facades na ụfọdụ n'ime ime. Ọ bụ uru na-akwụ ụtụ ndị atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ, site na ya remodeling nke ụlọ nzukọ acoustics nke Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri na-otu n'ime ndị kasị mma n'ụwa.

Na-eme ihe nkiri na-abụghị naanị arụmọrụ, e bọọlụ na ỤFỌDỤ. Ya mere bụ Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri. Address Ụlọ ihe nkiri - City Moscow, Ụlọ ihe nkiri Square, 1.

taa

Na narị afọ nke 20 na-eme ihe nkiri wee na pụtara dilapidated ọnọdụ, ntọala nke nke dara na cracks na mgbidi. Ma ọtụtụ reconstructions rụrụ na-eme ihe nkiri na narị afọ nke 20, otu onye nke e dechara na nso nso (kere 6 afọ), mere ọrụ ha - ma ugbu a, ihe nkiri na-enwu ya niile na-emenye. The olu nke ụlọ ihe nkiri, na mgbakwunye na-usoro ihe nkiri na ballets, na operettas gụnyere. Na i nwekwara ike ile a njem nke nkiri - ịhụ ụlọ nzukọ na a di na nwunye nke ndị ọzọ-akpali nnọọ mmasị ụlọ. Man ọhụrụ ahụ bịaranụ bụ onye chọrọ ileta Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri, ebe ọ pụrụ ịbụ mfịna chọta, ọ bụ ezie na n'ezie na ọ bụ na obi nke ndị obodo na-ahụ na ọ ga-esi ike, na-adịghị anya na ọ dị ihe ọzọ mma nke isi obodo, nke a maara na gburugburu ụwa - Red ebe.

Ọbịa ekiri banyere Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri

A nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ekiri gara Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri. Nyocha ekele ekiri ahapụ ke ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu, gụnyere Internet. Ha na-ede banyere ihe ndị magburu arụmọrụ nke ụlọ ihe nkiri, banyere ihe ndị magburu olu na-agụ egwú, banyere mmetụta uche na bilie na mkpụrụ obi ha mgbe ịga nkiri iji gosi na ha ịnụ ọkụ n'obi site n'ime egwuregwu, na-enwe mmasị mma ekike na mma. The nkiri a gara bụghị naanị ndị Russia, ọ bụkwa n'etiti ndị mba ọzọ ndị njem nleta na otu n'ime ndị kasị ewu ewu ebe ha nọ a ọsọ ọsọ na-na-e, ọ bịarutere na Moscow. Onye na-ekpe nke ochie na innovator - niile a Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri.

Esi na-eme ihe nkiri na ụgbọ ala? Ọ niile na-adabere na ebe ị na-aga. E nwere ọtụtụ nhọrọ maka otú: i nwere ike inwe ahụ gafee okporo ámá Mokhovaya - ọ na-eduga ozugbo na Ụlọ ihe nkiri Square; ma ọ bụ site na Tver; ma ọ bụrụ na anyị na-na Petrovka, ọ bụ ike iji ụgbọala ruo n'ọnụ ụzọ nke-eme ihe nkiri.