Boris Feoktistovich Safonov, a Soviet fighter pilot: biography, kwuo, ebe nchekwa

Boris Feoktistovich Safonov - bụ ndị kasị ama na Soviet Union a fighter pilot. Ná mmalite nke agha (1941-1942 biennium). O mere ka a n'ezie kpara ọgụ ọzọ. Sịkwa Safonov - mbụ ugboro abụọ dike nke Soviet Union, emeela ya a elu n'usoro na arụmọrụ nke ihe aga-eme nke iwu.

Ọ bụ ihe pụrụ iche mmadụ. Ọ bụ n'ụzọ zuru okè jikọtara na nkà nke a fighter responsiveness, obiọma na magburu onwe nzukọ nkà. Boris Feoktistovich Safonov bụ a na-eme ihere na obi umeala na ọdịdị. Ọ dịghị mgbe turu ọnụ nke ya meriri, na-eji naanị okwu ndị dị ka "anyị ada ala", "anyị na-efe efe." Ke adianade do, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bibie onye iro ugbo elu Safonov si n'aka ndekọ nke ya comrades, dị ka ndị a mmeri abụghị njedebe n'onwe ya maka ya.

biography

Tula Province, obodo Siniavino - a ebe obodo a mụrụ 08/26/1915 Boris Safonov. Nna ya na nne nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu dike bụ ndị nkịtị nkịtị.

Mgbe m gụsịrị na ukpono si n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ ruo afọ asaa, Boris debara aha n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ (akwụkwọ nke factory ọzụzụ). Akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ a na-akụziri ndị ọkachamara ndị mara locomotive azụmahịa. Na ụlọ akwụkwọ a, a Ihọd sonyeere n'ohu ahụ Young Communist League.

Boris Safonov, onye biography e weere nkịtị n'ihi afọ ndụ ya, ga-eleghị anya na-a railwayman. Otú ọ dị, Leninsky Komsomol, bụ nke o, mara ọkwa ya patronage nke ugbo elu. Ma mgbe ahụ ọtụtụ puku ndị na-eto ndị ikom na ndị inyom ji ọsọ na mbara igwe. Otu n'ime ha bụ Boris Feoktistovich Safonov. Ọ ghọrọ onye òtù nke gburugburu, haziri na ụlọ akwụkwọ Osoviahima, mesịrị ghọọ Tula efe efe club. Ọ bụ ebe a na-eme n'ọdịnihu agha pilot Safonov zụtara àgwà dị nnọọ mkpa maka pilot. Nke a onwe-obi ike na onwe-adabere, ịdọ aka ná ntị na ntachi obi.

Ọzọ, a nwa okorobịa ọma gafere a ọgwụ nnyocha na gara mụọ ọrụ pilot na-efe efe club nke Tula. Ọ e-etinye uchu na-amụ ozizi n'ala ọzụzụ. Ọbụna tupu aga bed, ugbua na bed, Boris echiche n'ime ya na ebe nchekwa niile nkọwa nke dashboard, bụ nke dị na ụgbọelu n'ihu pilot. Ya mere, ọ ofu na ihe ọmụma ha nwetara n'ime klas. Next ndị solo flights n'oge nke Safonov gosiri na ya pụrụ iche talent.

Tula ógbè - a ebe mụrụ na-etolite ma na-amụ n'ọdịnihu njide nke iwu, a gbahapụrụ ya na August 1933 Nke a mere mgbe ihe ịga nke ọma ẹkụre a Ihọd na-efe efe club mgbe Boris na ntụziaka nke iwu bụ na kacha. Ebe a na-azụ ndị agha ụgbọelu.

Study na Kachin akwụkwọ

N'oge na ọnụnọ a na alụmdi Boris Safonov nlezianya mụọ ọrụ nke ochie nke Marxism-Leninism. Nke a bụ nke mbụ nzọụkwụ ke nkwadebe maka ijikọta Communist Party.

N'oge ya ọmụmụ na Kachin akwụkwọ na afọ iri na itoolu, Safonov ghọrọ a fighter pilot. N'otu oge ahụ ọ na-egosi oké nkà na-agba na ikuku, na piloting na ihe ọmụma nke ihe onwunwe, kwesịrị nke ndị a niile ọzụzụ kasị elu akara. The testimonials dere na ndị a afọ, andikpep kwuru na Safonov nwere a ngwa ngwa omume, ngwa-witted na akọ na ikuku, ke adianade do, akara ya pụtara elu ogo igba.

Belarusian Military District

Na December 1934, Boris Safonov e zigara gụkwuo ya ozi ebe a na-Itie. Ha ghọrọ ndị Belarussian agha district, na ndị ọzọ kpọmkwem 40 Aviation Brigade. N'oge ahụ, ndị Soviet Air Force ọhụrụ ụgbọ elu e weere. Ha bụ ndị m na-15 na I-16 na I-153. Boris ịnụ ọkụ n'obi na-amụ ọhụrụ igwe, n'anya maka awa n'ọbá akwụkwọ. Ugbua na mmalite oge okpomọkụ nke 1936, pụtara na Soviet Army ụgbọ elu e ọma mụọ Safonov. Agha pilot ọbụna onwe ya na usoro nke na-alụ ọgụ, bụ nke mesịrị baara onwe ya nnọọ na a lụrụ agha.

Na 1937, Boris Safonov bụ Feoktistovich nakweere a nwa akwukwo so na Communist Party. N'otu oge ahụ, ọ na-aghọ odeakwụkwọ nke Komsomol nzukọ.

Na 1938, o guzobere iri na ise Aviation ndi agha. Boris Safonov ghọrọ ya osote onye na ọchịagha nke Komsomol.

Na December 1939 na redio fùa mbụ akụkọ banyere agha, nke malitere na ókè-ala nke Soviet Union na Finland. Military pilot Safonov ozugbo gbara akwụkwọ a akụkọ n'ikwupụta ọchịchọ ya idebanye aha na a fighter skwodron, na-aga n'ebe ugwu. Biko Borisa Feoktistovicha bụ afọ ojuju.

ọrụ nkụzi

Na North, Boris nwee mmasị na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke naval ụgbọelu, nke kpebisiri ike ya ụdi ọrụ. Ke adianade do, airmanship Safonov, na nhazi nke talent na ikike izi ka hụwo. First Lieutenant họpụtara ọchịagha nke a ọzụzụ skwodron. N'ịbụ ihe magburu onwe mmiri fighter pilot, Safonov ghọrọ aka ndidi nkụzi. Ọ nọ na-akwadebe newcomers niile ndabara, na onye na ha bụ ndị na-ezukọ na a n'ezie agha.

mbụ agha

War na Nazi Germany, Boris Safonov - a fighter pilot - malitere na ụgbọelu I-16. 22.06.1941 Ugbua, o mere ya mbụ ọgụ ozi ahụ dịịrị banye na mmiri na azu. Ọnụ na V. Volovnikovym ha wakporo otu bombu Ọ-111. Fire Soviet akwọ agha dị ka ogologo oge ha na-adịghị agba ọsọ nke mgbọ. Otú ọ dị, afụli German ụgbọelu ka na okụrede n'ime n'ígwé ojii.

mbụ mmeri

N'ime ụbọchị abụọ mgbe mmalite nke agha ndị Nazi Safonov ama ya I-16 intercept na German nyoputa onyeiro Judia-87. Mgbe ogologo chụrụ onye iro ụgbọelu a wakporo. Ná mmalite, Safonov e gburu site akụ na gbajiri ụgbọ ala. Mgbe na Soviet pilot iji a ogologo akara bee ụgbọelu ọdụ. The iro igwe dara n'ime n'ọnụ mmiri Zelentsy ebe ya iberibe e ẹmende site a ụgbọ mmiri na-abịa. Nke a ugbo elu bụ nke mbụ n'ime downed n'ebe ugwu mbara igwe.

The abụọ mmeri bụ Safonov 06/27/1941 obodo dara n'ala ikpa efe ha ọnụ na ibe German ụgbọelu HS-126, nke e mechara Soviet infantrymen akpọ "nsogbu laa."

N'oge mmalite nke agha bụ persistent ikuku agha n'elu Kola ala. The Germany nwara iji pola ụbọchị mgbe anyanwụ n'ụbọchị, ehihie na abalị guzo mmiri. Iro ụgbọ elu na-grouped nnukwu nkeji, mere ihe agha na Soviet Navy ụgbọ mmiri. The ọnụ ọgụgụ nke anyị alụso bụ obere, ya mere Maritime akwọ mere ka a ụbọchị maka 6-7 sorties. Na onye ọ bụla zutere onye iro ugbo elu Boris Safonov mma si eme, na-eduga na melee. N'otu oge ahụ ọ na-amụrụ ihe niile ahụ, ohere nke German ụgbọala, agha anyị n'ebe ugwu ala.

List nke ikuku Safonov mmeri nke ukwu abawanye na-esonụ ọnwa abụọ. Ọ bụ n'oge a ndị Germany na-e oke raids na edere n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke Murmansk na Soviet airfields.

Ebe ọ bụ na July 7, "itoolu" I-16, isi nke nke bụ Safonov, kpuchie mmiri pola isi. N'oge a nke elu-igwe n'elu ebe-eche nche ha, e nwere otu ìgwè nke German ụgbọ elu Judia-87, bụ nke e so onye iro alụso Me-109. M nwetara n'ime a dogfight. German ụgbọ elu e wakpoo site Soviet akwọ onye gbara ala asaa iro ugbo elu. Anyị "itoolu" laghachiri na isi na zuru ike.

Inye utu aha ọzọ

Ugbua July 10, 1941, Boris Safonov ghọrọ onyeisi. Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ nke ọzọ n'usoro dimkpa pilot họpụtara ọchịagha nke ụgbọelu skwodron nke alụso. agha na-nyere a ụgbọala ọhụrụ I-16 ụdị 17, nke nwere a Oghere Usoro ọgụgụ 28213-95. Ya fuselage Safonov dere "Ọnwụ na fasizim!".

Boris Feoktistovich nlezianya kwadebere maka ọ bụla efe n'elu ọgụ. Ọ bụ ya onwe nyochaa gị ugbo elu, oge ọ bụla ịnọ mgbe odori mgbọ, nakwa dị ka apụ na shells, nke jupụtara teepu. Nyere na ya I-16 Safonov mere 109 sorties, n'oge nke gbara ala 17 iro alụso na atụ bọmbụ. N'ime dum oge nke agha na ụgbọala ya ugboro atọ, na-etinye ọhụrụ Motors. Taa, a na ugbo elu bụ otu n'ime ngosi nke Leningrad Naval Museum.

July 14, 1941 Safonov e ọdịda nke Order nke Red Banner. N'ịbụ na ụbọchị dogfight kwukwara na ndepụta nke ya mmeri ada ala abụọ bụ ndị iro atụ bọmbụ. On July 27, e bibiri ha abụọ German amaba-atụ bọmbụ, na on August 8 - Me-109 fighter. Site na njedebe nke mbụ agha nke okpomọkụ na ndepụta onwe Safonov downed ụgbọelu dị afọ iri iro ígwè ọrụ.

ọgụ n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ

Ya apogee hostilities na North ruru na September 1941 Nke a bụ oge mgbe ndị Germany emeela bụrụkwa jikoro agbaji agbachitere Soviet agha. N'ihi na nke a, ha na-agafere na North ha ụgbọelu si nile asakde iso ese. Iro ugbo ala nọ na-anyị elu, na-ekere òkè agha na Soviet alụso.

N'oge agha, Boris Safonov e ji mee ka a na-azara ọnụ usoro na ike ike ụzọ, n'ụzọ nkịtị ebu iro. Mgbe ụfọdụ, o ṅomiri ndị pụta, na mgbe German pilot ka ọṅụ na-eme ememe mmeri, na mberede decelerated na nọgidere na ọdụ nke onye iro mbà.

Na nke ọ bụla agha Safonov iche ibe aka na ibe enyemaka. Nke a bụ isi na-achị nke Soviet itu kaadi. Ọ bụghị ìgwè ewu na ndụ ya, ndị pilot bụ na a ọsọ ọsọ na-enyemaka nke comrades. N'ihi ya, na onye nke-akpata ịlụ ọgụ ka a keobere onyeisi Maximovich ọ okodomo Judia-88 atụ bọmbụ. Mmụọ nsọ site agha, ọ na-achọpụta na-egosi n'azụ Me-109. Safonov ozugbo bugara napụta a onye otu, n'agbanyeghị eziokwu na site na nke a oge gbara ya nile mgbọ. The German pilot egwu tụrụ oké iwe agha na ekpe n'ọgbọ agha.

Obi ike na omeka agu e ọdịda Borisa Safonova iwu. September 16, 1941 dimkpa pilot e ọdịda nke aha dike nke Soviet Union. Site mgbe iwu e nyere, n'ihi Safonov ama nnukwu ndepụta efe n'elu mmeri.

onye duel

N'oge ahụ nke mgbụsị akwụkwọ 1941 Safonov e bibiri site ama German itu kaadi. "Messer" bụ pilot, bụ onye e kwuru na fuselage red nkịta ịgbachi ezé Chervonozorianyi fighter, mgbe hụrụ n'oge ọgụ na ndi agha. The iro nọ mpako, ma zere agha. Safonov rọrọ banyere nzukọ a Fascist, na mgbe a ikpe e gosiri ya. Soviet pilot, jiri obi ike machibidoro agha ka onye iro, bụ onye ji nkà họọrọ mma ọnọdụ maka ya site n'ịrụ mgbagwoju aerobatics. Otú ọ dị, mgbe a di na nwunye na ndị na ọdụ "Messer" Safonov nkeji malitere ya "egbe" na mgbe a obere na-achụ mere a ole na ole na-iji achịkwaghị achịkwa. iro ụgbọ ala na-ejide ọkụ na nkume dara. The German pilot ekpe ọkụ ụgbọ ala na enweta site parachute na na ọnọdụ nke anyị Gunners. Weghaara Soviet agha onye iro bụ onye ọzọ karịa ama Willie Frengerom. N'ihi ahụmahụ German itu kaadi itoolu sorties na iri atọ na isii ụgbọelu gbara ala n'elu English Channel, n'ihi na nke ọ e ọdịda ọchịagha ya abụọ Iron Cross.

ọhụrụ emek

October 24, 1941 Safonov natara a amaghị na-akpọkọta ndị kacha mma ụgbọelu na 78th Agha Aviation ndi agha ma na-edu ya. Boris Feoktistovich natara a ọrụ ọhụrụ. The mgwo agha nke ọhụrụ ndi agha gụnyere iri abụọ na asaa, "ifufe" - ụgbọala na-agafe na Soviet Air Force British ụgbọelu. Usoro abụghị ihe ọhụrụ na ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-achọ di ike. Ke adianade do, British ụgbọelu e kpebiri rearm. Na ụzọ nke Safonov ha etinye anọ arọ igwe egbe, abụọ nke na-adịghị anya dochie a egbe. Dịtụ mgbe e mesịrị, na ụgbọ elu n'okpuru ígwè ọrụ na-arụnyere n'iru ngwá maka Tammy.

Dị ka ọchịagha nke 78th Aviation ndi agha, Boris Safonov gosiri oké nzukọ nkà, na ikike ịkụziri na ịzụ subordinates. N'ihi na ndị a rụzuru ọ e ọdịda aha nke ọzọ - Isi.

Boris Safonov wee na-eme ọgụ ọzọ, gbara ala site na ịba ụba ha iro ígwè ọrụ. December 22, 1941, ọ e ọdịda a abụọ Order nke Red Pụrụ Iche, na January 22, 1942 - nke atọ.

Ọchịagha nke 78th ndi agha nke Aviation Safonov bụ a mkpirikpi. March 20, 1942 na ọ e debere na isi nke 2nd-eche ha nche. Na nke a obi ike pilot ikuku ndi agha malitere agha. Safonov nọkwa na-atụkwasịrị ndepụta nke ha ọgụ mmeri. N'oge a, ya uwe pụtara abụọ ọzọ enọ. Nke a bụ Gold Star nke dike na British award - na Order "Di-EF-Si".

The ikpeazụ agha

N'isi 2nd-eche ha nche ndi agha,-eche ha nche Colonel Safonov otutu oge na mgbalị nyere edu. Na njikọ na nke a n'oge okpomọkụ, ọ bịara na-erughị, ma ọ fọrọ nke nta ọ bụla na-alụ ọgụ na-a na-agba ọsọ ndepụta ya mmeri.

Na 1942 o setịpụrụ ọhụrụ ihe mgbaru ọsọ ya ndi agha. Na mgbakwunye na mmiri n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke Murmansk Defense akwọ kwesŽrŽ nche Allied agha convoys nke dị n'ókèala ndị Northern Fleet. Na ọrụ a, na nwụrụ a ma ama Soviet pilot. Ikpeazụ ya sortie o mere May 30, 1942, na-ebili na ikuku na-ekpuchi na-aga Murmansk convoy allies.

Safonov bụ na-eduga quartet of Soviet ígwè. Otú ọ dị, otu n'ime ha ruru ka a ọdịda na engine wee laghachi. Atọ Soviet akwọ nwetara n'ime a agha na isii iro atụ bọmbụ, ebe arahụ ndị iro a na-efe ọsọ agha. Na ihe mgbagwoju anya na bilitere n'oge agha, na unit dara iche. More Boris Safonov ahụghị.

Ebe ọnwụ nke a obi ike pilot na Barents Sea nwere ike ịchọta na map. Ọ 69 degrees 51 sekọnd ugwu ohere na 64 degrees 42 sekọnd ọwụwa anyanwụ lonjituudu. Ọ na-gburu ke ahaghị agha na ndị Nazi, mgbe agbapụ ala abụọ ugbo elu. Air Force efu itu kaadi naval ụgbọelu, n'ihi na, ihe May 1942 e nwere 25 downed iro ígwè ọrụ.

Gịnị bụ ihe na-akpata ọnwụ nke Boris Safonov? Azịza nke ajụjụ a bụ ka e. Dị ka otu version, ọ na-apụghị ịnagide a mberede agha nke onye nke "Junkers" na ndị ọzọ - dara n'ihi engine ọdịda. Nke ikpeazụ nke abụọ a echiche yikarịrị.

ebe nchekwa

Military Enen Borisa Feoktistovicha Safonova owụt bụghị naanị na ha downed iro ugbo elu. The Soviet ọchịagha mere ka a oké onyinye mmepe nke ụgbọelu nke Northern Fleet. N'okpuru idu ndú ya, ịrịba ọgụ ahụmahụ e nwetara ọtụtụ akwọ onye mesịrị natara aha nke dike nke Soviet Union.

Aha pilot Severomorsk chefuo taa. Ncheta Borisu Safonovu arụnyere na Severomorsk, Murmansk na Plavsk. E nwere a na na nke dike n'ime obodo nso Vologda Fedotovo dị n'ebe a agha agha.

The aha nke Nwere Obi Ike pilot aha ya bụ obodo Safonovo Murmansk mpaghara. Na obodo a Air Force Museum meghere Northern Fleet, n'ihu nke a na-agbajikwa ala Avenue of Heroes. Ebe a, busts na iri ise na atọ Northern Fleet ụgbọelu, bụ ndị e ọdịda aha dike nke Soviet Union, otu nke e a na na B. F. Safonovu.