Byukenen Dzheyms: biography na foto

Ikpe nke a gburugburu nke ọma, na-ewu ewu na a maara nke ọma ndị ị nwere ike izute full namesakes, bụ obere. Ma n'okpuru aha nke Byukenen Dzheyms mara ọtụtụ ndị a ma ama, onye ahụ nke mere ka onye buru ibu onyinye mmepe nke oge a na aku na uba. The nwe nke otu aha bụ ihe ịga nke ọma American na-azụ ahịa, bụ onye nwere a nnukwu ụtaba azụmahịa, na US president. N'isiokwu a anyị na-ele anya na nke biographies nke niile pụtara ìhè James Buchanan, nakwa dị ka ịmụta banyere kpọkwara ruru ka nke ha na-enwe nnọọ maara nke ọma.

Site Nobel Laureate na president nke US XV na chepụtara echepụta na-atọ ọchị akwụkwọ dike

Iji ụbọchị, e nwere ọtụtụ ndị America, ndi aha nwere ndị dị otú a Nchikota - Dzheyms Byukenen. Ndị a bụ ndị na-adịghị ejikọrọ na onye ọ bụla ọzọ ọkachamara na-eme. Otu n'ime ha - ike zuru ụwa ọnụ ahịa na industrialist nke XIX na narị afọ, nke kpakọbara ọtụtụ ijeri n'ime ụtaba ụlọ ọrụ. Nke abụọ - Nobel Nrite-emeri Economist Dzheyms Byukenen, ọha nhọrọ ozizi nke ugbu a na-eji akụ na ụba na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na gburugburu ụwa.

The otu aha ka na aga na abụọ dike nke isiokwu anyị, na-eyi XV nke United States President. Ewoo, anyị enweghị ike ikwu na ọ ridata na akụkọ ihe mere eme n'ihi na ụfọdụ pụrụ iche n'uru, ma nke a Buchanan nwekwara ihe nke a bido - otutu mmadu kwenyere nke American akụkọ ihe mere eme kpọrọ ya kasị njọ president nile ogologo akụkọ ihe mere eme nke USA.

The ndepụta ama nwe aha a nwere ike ekewet ọzọ dike, ọ bụ ezie na, onye a chepụtara echepụta. Ha ghọrọ otu n'ime atọ ọchị akwụkwọ agwa kinovselennoy iju - agha aha ya bụ Dzheyms Byukenen (Bucky Barnes). Ọ ga-adị na na XXI narị afọ, onye nkiri nwere ike ịhụ ọtụtụ ndị na-eme fim na ọ nwere ihe ọ bụla nwere ike iju. Ma Bucky Barnes niile tụgharịa si dị iche iche. "Iju 'Fans na-mara ha na-asọpụrụ-akpa ọchị, na ụlọ ọrụ fanatical ịhụnanya nke ya chepụtara echepụta odide. Ebe a na Byukenen Dzheyms, otu ụbọchị, na-aghọ akụkụ nke akụkọ nke nkasi, dị ka a di ndu na ghọrọ a ezigbo nwoke. The agwa wee otú ezi uche na na internet raara Fans fim ụlọ ọrụ mere ndokwa ya biography, poems raara nye ya na-ekwu okwu na niile na ihuenyo edinam nke a dike.

N'isiokwu a, anyị ga-ele anya na nke nkenke biographies nke niile ama James Buchanan, na-tụọ iji nweta, n'ihi nke ha na-akụkọ ihe mere eme. Chepụtara "iju," a biography nke ndụ nke Bucky Barnes, anyị, n'ihi nke ikpe ziri ezi na nke na-eguzosi ike Fans, dị ka a tụlere na njedebe nke isiokwu a.

The oké Economist na Nobel chọr'inwe-eto eto

Nke mbụ nke Buchanan biography nke anyị na-atụle ga-abụ onye zuru aha - Dzheyms Makgill Byukenen Obere ..

A mụrụ ya na 1919, na otu nke American na-ekwu, na-akpọ Tennessee. Ya mbụ guzobere a ga-eme n'ọdịnihu Nobel chọr'inwe-eto eto bụ obodo nkụzi ọzụzụ na mahadum. Agụmakwụkwọ ka elu (eteufọk ogo), a nwa okorobịa si University of Tennessee, ịga nke ọma na-agụsị ngalaba nke Economics. Mgbe ntọhapụ nke ya fọrọ nke nta ozugbo debara aha ndị agha. Mgbe-agafe isi nke ọzụzụ agha na Maritime ụlọ akwụkwọ, o jere ozi na Guam, nakwa na ụlọ ọrụ nke nsoro na Pearl Harbor.

Ya doctorate na akụnụba Dzheyms Makgill Byukenen natara mgbe agha, na 1948, na ndabere nke University of Chicago. N'ihi na a ogologo oge ọ na-etinye aka na a ọma ozizi ọrụ, na-agụ ya na nkuzi na Mahadum Virginia, nakwa dị ka ihe ndị kasị prestigious mahadum nke Tennessee na Florida.

Na 1969, ọ ghọrọ onye mbụ mgbe Director nke Center maka Study of Public Choice. Ọ bụkwa onyeisi oche nke Western na Southern Economic Association, o nwere ihe ùgwù osote onyeisi oche nke American Economic Association. Scientific akwụkwọ e dere site Buchanan, ẹdude ihe na isiokwu nke ọha ụgwọ, ozizi nke inyerịta ọrụ, libertarian Ozizi, usoro nke ịtụ vootu na macroeconomics.

The ọrụ, nke mere ka ude ke uwa na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na aku na uba

Dzheyms Byukenen - The Economist, onye ọrụ na-eji dị ka ihe ndabere nke oge a na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na akụnụba. Ọ bụ ya bụ nchoputa nke Virginia School of na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na aku na uba. Ọrụ ya ghọrọ a mkpali maka n'ihu research na egosi na ihe dị iche iche na-abụghị nke akụ na ụba agha na ndị na-amasị mmadụ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nwere a kpọmkwem mmetụta na aku na uba na atumatu nke ọ bụla na mba.

Ozizi nke ọha oke site James Buchanan kwere ya na-ede akwụkwọ na-a Nobel Laureate. Nwoke a bi a pụtara ogologo ndụ, ọ nwụrụ na January 2013. Taa aha ya bụ maara ọ bụla na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọkà mmụta sayensị na Economist, na ọtụtụ ndị ya na nkà mmụta sayensị ọrụ na n'ọtụtụ ebe, na-eji na-amụ ozizi na omume nke na-eme na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na aku na uba mkpebi.

Ụtaba tycoon na nna nke oge a sịga

Full aha nke onye mkpụmkpụ bio anyị anya n'ihu - Dzheyms Byukenen Duke. A muru ya na North Carolina na December 1856. Ọ na-akpọ nna nke oge a na sịga, na-ezi ihe kpatara.

Na 1880s ọ na nwanne ya nwoke ghọrọ a na-emepụta sịga na-achịkwa mkpọsa, tọrọ ntọala site na nna-ha - Washington Duke. Ná mmalite, ha factory bụ naanị a obere niche na ụtaba azụmahịa. Ma mgbe afọ abụọ gasịrị, James hụrụ ọhụrụ anya. Ọ bụrụ na tupu niile sịga curled ọrụ aka, ma ugbu a, na na biakwa obibia nke igwe n'ihi na akpaka mmepụta nke sịga, usoro nwere ike ịrụpụta ọtụtụ ugboro. Na-eto eto na Duke mere ihe niile na-eme ka a igwe o mepụtara.

O nwetara a ikike maka ụwa mbụ igwe, akpaghị aka sịga n'ichepụta usoro mepụtakwara site James Bonsakom ụgbọ. factory mmepụta ruru a ọhụrụ larịị. The igwe nwayọọ magbuo otu adịghị agwụ agwụ sịga na mma na bugharia na hà anya, bee ya n'ime ọtụtụ ndị nta na ndị. Na nsọtụ nke na-curled site n'aka tupu ndị ọrụ na-emepụta sịga si ihicha si, ugbu a na otu nzube e impregnated na pụrụ iche ọgwụ. Ọzọkwa, iji melite uto nke ọhụrụ sịga Nrịrọ na molasses, glycerol ma ọ bụ sugar.

Number nke sịga na-emepụta amụbawo na-echeghị na-agba. Ọ bụrụ na tupu James factory ọrụ kwa mgbanwe nwere ike na a kacha nke 200 siga, ugbu a, na igwe maka mgbanwe mfe ya si na 120 puku. Units! Tupu James Buchanan Duke, a nsogbu ọhụrụ - na ere ya ere. Mpịakọta, nke na-amịpụta ya modernized factory, bụ 1/5 nke ihe America na-ese siga mgbe niile. Na Duke aku ike ike ahịa. Ọ bụ onye nkwado na dị iche iche ihe, inye si free sịga na ya dị iche iche asọmpi, nakwa dị ka abịa na itinye ego na Ukwu collectible kaadị. Ọ ìgwè elu na isi US osompi na-emepụta a nanị - American Ụtaba Company.

Naanị otu na 1889 ọ nọrọ na mgbasa ozi 800 puku. Dollars. Ya sịga mmasị ndị mmadụ na-asị na ọ bụ ya bụ onye kụziiri America-aṅụ sịga Kamel. Ma nnukwu mmepụta mpịakọta nọgidere na-ọhụrụ, nnukwu ahịa.

Nkerisi ahịa maka ụtaba

Ná mmalite 1890s ọ emecha na-agbalị imebi n'ime UK ahịa, ma ha nọ na-eche ya ahụmahụ industrialists, bụ ndị nọ na-agaghị na-atọgbọ. N'okpuru iyi egwu nke mbuso agha site Duke na ha ohere, ha na-ekpokọtara n'ime otu ụlọ ọrụ, nke mgbe oge ụfọdụ ọ gbalịrị wakporo American ahịa James. Site na mkparita uka a ikwere e ruru nyere niile ọzọ.

Na oge a tara akpụ maka James Buchanan nke ya ahịa mmekọ-eje ozi na ya adịghị agwụ agwụ emetụtaghị okwu ikpe. N'ikpeazụ, na 1911, ndị nanị nke American Ụtaba Company kwụsịrị ịdị adị. Dị ka ikpe, ụlọ ọrụ na-ekewa n'ime ọtụtụ obere ụlọ ọrụ, na n'okpuru nlekọta nke James bụ naanị otu onye n'ime ha.

James rụzuru na ubi nke ume

Ná mmalite nke iri abụọ na narị afọ Buchanan Duke tọrọ ntọala a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke obere ike ụlọ ọrụ, nke ghọrọ ihe ndabere maka ihe e kere eke nke Duke Energy Corporation na-eme n'ọdịnihu. Ke adianade do, ọ na-enye ọkụ eletrik maka akwa mills Duke (onye ọ na-arụ ọrụ nnọọ ihe ịga nke ọma), ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ nyere electric ìhè ọtụtụ obodo na North na South Carolina. Na ókèala nke ikpeazụ n'afọ 1928 na ọ e kere a na-esite na-enye ọkụ eletrik dum district. N'ime oge ahụ, ọ na-aha ya bụ na nsọpụrụ nke James Buchanan Duke.

Ọ bụghị naanị na ndị na-ewu nke ụtaba alaeze, ma a nchebe nke University

History na-echeta nke a onye na-dị ka nna nke oge a na sịga. Na ọtụtụ ijeri dollar na isi obodo, James kpebiri iji igosi ya obi enweta ego na a isi obodo nke $ 40 nde ke 1924.

Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị a ego philanthropist nyere Durham University, nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Duke University.

Dzheyms Byukenen: biography, n'ihi na nke ọ bụla ihere

Aha Buchanan ga-echefu anya, n'ihi na o mere ọtụtụ ihe na-egbuke egbuke na ebe nchekwa nke ya biri ruo ọtụtụ narị afọ mgbe ọnwụ ya. Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe nketa ya Duke nyere ọrụ ebere: support na mmepe nke Duke University, nakwa dị ka agụmakwụkwọ njikọ dị ka University D. Smith, Davidson College na Furman University. Ke adianade do, ụfọdụ n'ime ego o nyere a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke na-abụghị uru n'ụlọ ọgwụ na ụmụ obibi dị na North na South Carolina.

Ya a ma ama n'ụwa nile nwa - Doris Duke - ketara niile fọdụrụ onwunwe, na nna-ya ego. Na ya na ebe nchekwa, nke dị n'ókèala Duke Farmes ọ kere a magburu onwe oyi ogige, ebe mara collection of ọkpụkpụ e posted. Doris na-akpọ ihe niile a na ịma mma ubi Duke.

Otu n'ime ndị kasị njọ isi na US akụkọ ihe mere eme

Nwoke ọzọ aha James Buchanan ekpe ya akara na US akụkọ ihe mere eme - XV president of America. Ya uru na isi nke ala a ka na-ewere ukwuu controversial. Ụfọdụ ndị ọkọ akụkọ n'enweghị na-akpọ ya ndị kasị njọ nke niile US isi ebubo passivity ekpebi. Isi utọk megide Buchanan bụ na ya na ọchịchị a kpọkwasịwo nkewa nke States na North na South na ụdi mmalite nke oké agha obodo.

Ndị ọzọ kweere na uche nke osisi na president ekwesịghị ịbụ otú categorical. Echefula na o nwere na-agba ọsọ na mba n'ime otu nke ya kasị sie ike oge. Na nkera nke abụọ nke XIX narị afọ, nsogbu nke ufụn ke America nnọọ njọ. Esemokwu nke South na North ike-akwụsị, na N'ezie nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ihe agbanwebeghịkwa, otú i nwere ike ịsị na Buchanan ọbụna dị ka president, site na nnukwu, bụ ike.

Ịmụ XV n'ọdịnihu president of America na April 1791 na Pennsylvania na a pụtara n'ezinụlọ dara ogbenye na ọtụtụ ụmụ. N'agbanyeghị nke a, nwa okorobịa ahụ jisiri a iwu ogo. Ya mbụ ọkachamara ahụmahụ ọ na-arụ ọrụ ọkàiwu n'oge Anglo-American agha.

Na 1814-1816 gg. n'ụlọ ya ala nke Pennsylvania , ọ ghọrọ otu n'ime nzuko omeiwu. Na 1831, a họpụtara ya nochite anya na St. Petersburg ụlọ. Ọ na-ezi nke ọma aka mbụ ahia nkwekọrịta n'etiti America na Russia. Ọzọkwa, ọ na-enwe na ọnọdụ nke Senator na Minister nke Ọzọ Affairs.

Na 1856, ndị Democratic Party nominated maka president bụ ya candidature. N'oge ahụ na steeti Kansas , a siri ike ọnọdụ - e arụ ọrụ abụọ ọjọọ ọchịchị (na-akwado ma na-emegide ndị ohu). Ndị ọrụ e eche ọhụrụ president na ya mkpebi na-eme n'ọdịnihu nke Kansas. Achọghị ime ihe ugbua ike ahụ, Dzheyms Byukenen kpebiri gụnyere Kansas a ohu ala. Ọzọ, e nwere ọgba aghara nke ndị ohu, nke US ọchịchị bụ nnọọ siri ike na-etinye ala. Na suppression nke nnupụisi mere ka ukwuu ọbụna nkewa na esemokwu dị n'etiti North na South.

Political ọkà mmụta sayensị na akụkọ ihe mere eme ekwuwo na a nọchiri ya, Abraham Lincoln, President Buchanan hapụrụ obodo na a egwu ala, na verge nke agha obodo n'etiti abụọ irreconcilable ahụhụ. Buchanan akpa ke 1868, na-enwe tupu ọnwụ ya, ka dee edemede ziri ezi ya atumatu. Ma karịsịa, ọ na-adịghị arụ ọrụ, n'ihi na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke na ọ na nọgidere kasị njọ president nke USA.

The ọzọ agwa "iju" site na aha James

Na ndị ikpeazụ mara Byukenen Dzheyms, onye biography ga-atụle n'isiokwu a, ke akpa ilekiri, ọ dabara ụlọ ọrụ gara aga dike. Ọ bụ nnọọ ihe na fictional agwa onye biography e ọma mepụtakwara dere "iju". Ma, ọ bụ uru arịba ama na ọ na e mepụtakwara ịga nke ọma otú ahụ na-atọ ọchị Fans n'ụwa nile na-achọ ndị biography na mmasị n'ezie na-nkọwa nke ndụ nke a chepụtara echepụta agwa. Nke a agwa na-ege ntị ụzọ hụ na 2010, mgbe nnukwu ihuenyo bịara "The First ọbọ."

N'ihi ya, dị ka akụkọ mgbe "iju", Dzheyms Byukenen Barnes (omee, na-aghọta ya image na ihuenyo - Sebastian Stan) A mụrụ anya 1917. O gosiri ezi ihe dị iche iche egwuregwu ubi, ọ dịla onye ndú na ya na klas. Ozugbo James hụrụ otú agamevu iti a na-adịghị ike nwata, bilie guzo ya. Nke a nwa okoro ahụ Stiv Rodzhers, bụ onye mechara ghọọ kpara Captain America. Na mgbe ihe, ndị nke nwoke wee buru ezigbo enyi. Na mmalite nke World War II Dzheyms Byukenen (Bucky) Barnes e debara aha ndị agha gaa agha, e a oyi ọzụzụ mara ụlọikwuu McCoy na e zitere Italian n'ihu.

Winter Soldier na Buchanan aha nna

Ọzọkwa, ọ weghaara a detachment nke "Hydra" na e weghaara, nke tara ahụhụ a ọtụtụ ọjọọ, taa ha ahụhụ, n'ihi na a ogologo oge, ọ nọgidere na-akpa iche. Nke a dọọrọ n'agha okụt ya na nwata enyi aghọọla n'oge agha ahụ, Captain America. Ọ rushes iji napụta James ma ka na hapụ ya ná ndọrọ n'agha. Dzheyms Byukenen (Bucky) enyekwara otu tọhapụrụ ya ndị ọzọ na ha ihe mgbaru ọsọ na-aghọ a ọchịchọ ihichapu "Hydra" si ihu nke ụwa. Mgbe otu onye n'ime ịlụ ọgụ Dzheyms Byukenen Barnes ama esịn nke ụgbọ okporo ígwè, ozu ya mgbe hụrụ, na niile kwetara na ọ nwụrụ anwụ.

N'eziokwu, Buchanan ahụ a hụrụ na otu n'ime nkeji nke "Hydra". Ọ kpamkpam ehichapu ebe nchekwa, na ruo ogologo oge n'elu aru nke James ekenịmde dị iche iche nwere. Ruo ọtụtụ afọ, ọ na-mikpuru na keakamere ụra, mgbe ụfọdụ, na-enye anya mgbe ọ dị mkpa ime ka nke igbu ọchụ nke a dị ike na onye ndú.

Dị ka otu n'ime iwu nke "Hydra", Buchanan nwere igbu Captain America, na ọ bụ nnọọ ihe ọ bụla nsogbu n'ihi na ya, n'ihi na ya na ebe nchekwa, ji na-echeta nke nwata na enyi, dịwo ehichapu ya. Na-arụ ọrụ a, na oge nke kpọmkwem see okwu n'etiti Captain America na enyi ya, ka James mgbukepụ malitere ịlaghachi ya na ebe nchekwa, na ha ma ọbọhọ. Ma Dzheyms Byukenen, ndị na-ugbu a niile na-akpọ Winter Soldier, mgbe ahụ, okụrede ọzọ.