Causal ọgwụ - ihe bụ nke a?

Ọgwụgwọ nke ọ bụla ọrịa achọ ihe integrated obibia. The n'otu oge iji ọgwụ eme ihe dị iche iche njikọ nke pathogenesis nke ọrịa, na-akwalite a ngwangwa mgbake nke onye ọrịa na mgbochi nke nsogbu. Causative ọgwụgwọ bụ akụkụ nke ọgwụgwọ jikoro eji. Ke ofụri ofụri, causal ọgwụgwọ - ihe bụ nke a? Next ga-atụle echiche nke okwu, ụkpụrụ ndị bụ isi na iche-iche nke ọgwụgwọ, na ibiere atụle ya irè.

General echiche

Causal ọgwụ - a set nke jikoro iji na mbenata ma ọ bụ ịkwụsị ihe na-akpata eme ihe, nke mere ka mmepe nke ọrịa. Ndị dị otú ahụ a okwu a na-akpọ ukporo ọgwụ. Ọgwụ eji na a akpan akpan ụdị a ọgwụgwọ, na-ezo dị ka etiotropic.

Casual ọgwụ na-agụnye ndị na-esonụ e si agwọ ọrịa, na ojiji nke a na-adabere na etiologic gị n'ụlọnga nke ọrịa:

• na ojiji nke ọgwụ nje;
• hormone ọgwụ;
• vitamin;
• ọgwụgwọ probiotics;
• ọgwụ;
• na ojiji nke mgbochi.

Ụkpụrụ nke causal ọgwụgwọ

Mgbochi na ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa na-enweghị nchịkwa na Filiks na-dabere na abụọ zaa, ogbugbu nke nke na-eme ka gbakee ngwa ngwa nke onye ọrịa. Etiotropic mbụ ụkpụrụ nke mgbochi na ọgwụ ọrịa bụ ịchọpụta ihe na-akpata ọrịa na ojiji nke ụzọ nke na-alụ ịkwụsị-enweghị nchịkwa na mmetụta na ahu. N'ihi bụ njedebe nke na-egosi na onye ahụ enweghị progression nke-adakarị picture.

The abụọ ụkpụrụ etiotropic prophylaxis na ọgwụ ọrịa dabeere na elucidation nke ọzọ ihe na-eme ihe yiri na isi ike ma ọ bụ ebelata ya pathogenic mmetụta. Ha kpọmkwem definition na mgbazi emepụta mma ọnọdụ maka ngwa ngwa ghara ịgbanwe nke onye ọrịa.

Jikoro etinyere iji nweta mbụ ebumnobi, emejuputa na-enyemaka nke ọgwụ ọjọọ (homonụ, cytokines, enzyme preparations, na-anara ọgwụ). Physical ihe na-etinyere maka ogbugbu nke abụọ ụkpụrụ: n'iji echebe uwe, ultraviolet irradiation, ugboro ugboro ikpughe enweghị nchịkwa na gị n'ụlọnga ntọt eguzogide thereto ndidi.

Ndọkwasi ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa nke na-efe efe si

Causal ọgwụgwọ nke na-efe efe na-agụnye n'onwe ndị na-esonụ ụkpụrụ:

• Ọgwụgwọ kwesịrị mbara na-ekpuchi ihe niile kwere omume na-arụ ọrụ ihe;
• pụtara mmetụta etinyere na-mbibi nke nje ahụ;
• Ọ na-eduzi dịghịzi mgbazi;
• ukem mgbake hemostasis na ọrịa ahụ;
• continuity ọgwụ kemgbe ọtụtụ ọrịa na-achọ ogologo oge na-adakarị elekọta na-enwe ndidi mgbake mgbe ọgwụ orùrù;
• nhọrọ nke ọgwụgwọ regimens ga-dabere na edebanyere ụdị oge nke ọrịa, ogo adakarị ngosipụta, ntule nke ọnọdụ nke onye ọrịa ahụ na ọnụnọ nke soro pathologies.

Causal ọgwụgwọ nke na-efe efe ọrịa na-agụnye ojiji nke preparations nke kpọmkwem na-abụghị kpọmkwem ihe. ụdị ọgwụgwọ pụtara:

• ọbara;
• immunoglobulins;
• bacteriophages;
• ọgwụ mgbochi;
• antitoxins.

Bekee nonspecific edinam na-agụnye ọgwụ ọgwụ ọjọọ na ojiji nke interferons.

serotherapy

Ebe ọ bụ na causal ọgwụgwọ - a saa mbara ọgwụgwọ jikoro, otu n'ime mmiri nke na omume bụ whey ọgwụgwọ. Nkebi nke a na-eji ngwa nke antibacterial na antitoxin sera.

Antitoxic whey mejupụtara na-agụnye-alụso ọrịa ọgụ megide nsị emepụta site pathogens. All-alụso ọrịa ọgụ na-kpọmkwem ma na-eme megide a kpọmkwem etiological akpata iji neutralization mmeghachi omume. Ihe Nlereanya nke a ụdị sera:

• tetanus;
• diphtheria;
• protivogangrenoznaya;
• protivosibireyazvennaya;
• protivobotulinicheskaya.

The mejupụtara agụnye antibacterial ọbara agglutinins, opsonins na bactericidin, nke na-alụso ọrịa ọgụ megide nje pathogens.

Nrụpụta ọrụ nke serotherapy dabere na oge na dose of ya ochichi. Ozugbo oriri nke ekesa antitoxins n'ime ọbara site na ịkpọtụrụ na nsị nje. The tupu mgbe ahụ ọsọ ọsọ pụtara, na ngwa ngwa bụ na mgbake nke onye ọrịa.

Immunoglobulin - n'aka causal ọgwụgwọ nke na-eji na ọgwụgwọ nke ụfọdụ na-efe efe. Globulins mfe banye n'ime anụ ahụ na-enwe ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke-alụso ọrịa ọgụ na ha mejupụtara. Tee na ikpe nke na-esonụ ọrịa:

• tinye akà rà na-ekesa ụbụrụ;
• Measles;
• influenza;
• pox;
• staphylococcal ọrịa;
• whooping ụkwara;
• leptospirosis;
• herpes ọrịa;
• anthrax et al.

The ojiji nke bacteriophages

malitere ịrịa dabeere ọgwụ ike nke na-erepịa ihe ọbịa nje na mkpụrụ ndụ na-eji dị ka onye ọzọ ọgwụ nje ọgwụ. Ọ na-emepụta na ụdị ntụ, mbadamba, suppositories, ngwọta, vials na ampoules.

bacteriophages ngwọta nwere ike ndinọ ọnụ, site ogwu ogbugba, na enema, eji maka ịsa kpụrụ cavities, mmiri, wetting nke ngwa metụtara.

Causal ọgwụ, ọgwụ ọjọọ nke na-anọchi anya ya bacteriophages, ọ dịghị contraindications na bụ nnọọ nkịtị na ụmụaka ọrịa. Ọ na-eji dị ka a standalone ọgwụgwọ ma ọ bụ na Nchikota na ọgwụ nje.

ọgwụ

Dị otú ahụ causal ọgwụ na-eduzi na ojiji nke nsí na nsị, detrimental utịp ke kpatara ọrịa. Dabere na nghazi nke mmetụta nke ndị na-esonụ iche nke ngwa nke na-anara ọgwụ ọgwụ ọjọọ:

• antimicrobial ọgwụ;
• antifungal;
• antitumor;
• antiviral;
• antihelminthic;
• antiparasitic.

Jiri nke chemotherapeutic ọgwụ ọjọọ direction na-achọ a ọma nyochaa nke niile ọzọ ọgwụ etinyere ọrịa. Mgbe ụfọdụ, a Nchikota ọgwụgwọ mmadụ nwere ike ịbụ a na-adịghị mma mmeghachi omume na akụkụ nke onye ọrịa ahụ.

The ojiji nke ọgwụ nje na ọgwụgwọ nke ukporo

Antibacterial causal ọgwụgwọ - a usoro mbibi nke ndị na nje nke ọrịa na ọgwụ nje. Dị mwute ikwu na, na a kacha nke microorganisms nwetaworo iguzogide antibacterial mmadụ.

Na nke a, iji ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ga-soro ibiere nke ò ọgwụgwọ:

1. Agwọ ga na-amalite ngwa ngwa o kwere omume, na iji a sara mbara-ụdịdị dị iche iche nke edinam ruo nkọwa nke nje ahụ.
2. Ọgwụgwọ kwesịrị n'okpuru mgbe nile laabu na bacteriological akara.
3. Ọnụọgụ ọgwụ nlekọta na onunu ogwu nkeji kwesịrị ịgba mbọ hụ na-adịgide adịgide nrugharị ọbara pụtara dị ka mkpa.
4. Ọgwụgwọ na antibacterial mmadụ dịruru maka 3-4 ụbọchị ogologo karịa mgbaàmà nke igbu egbu egosi, hyperthermia.
5. A ụbọchị ole na ole na-enweghị arụmọrụ bụ ihe na-egosi ịgbanwe antibacterial gị n'ụlọnga ọzọ ọgwụgwọ Usoro nyochaa.
6. Ogologo oge causal ogwu mgbochi ọgwụ akpalite hypovitaminosis B na-achọ a yiri nke vitamin ọgwụ.
7. Ọgwụgwọ a ga-esonyere site na akara nke dịghịzi ọnọdụ, dị ka o kwere mgbochi nke dịghịzi nzaghachi n'okpuru nduzi nke ọgwụ nje.

Irè nke ọgwụ nje ọgwụ na-enyocha na n'ozuzu ọnọdụ onye ọrịa, normalisation nke ahu okpomọkụ, na-ebelata mmenaanya ngosipụta nke elu ọbara.

Dị ka ihe atụ, tụlee ọgwụgwọ nke antibacterial mmadụ nke onye nke ọrịa nke akụkụ okuku ume na usoro. Causal oyi baa ọgwụ na-agụnye iji preparations nke ndị na-esonụ iche iche:

• penicillins - "Amoxicillin", "Flemoksin", "Ampioks";
• cephalosporins - "Ceftriaxone", "Cefazolin", "cefotaxime";
• macrolides - "Clarithromycin" "Erythromycin";
• tetracyclines - "methacycline," "Doxycycline";
• aminoglycosides - "gentamicin", "neomycin", "Amikacin";
• "Chloramphenicol";
• "Fuzidin";
• "Novobiocin";
• nitrofurans - "furazolidone", "furadonin", "Furatsilinom";
• antifungal eto - "Levorinum" "Nystatin";
• sulfonamides - "Biseptol", "Sulfalen", "Sulfadimetoksin".

Children, ụmụ nwaanyị dị ime, na ọrịa na mkpọchị akụrụ ọrụ na imeju na ndị kasị chebaara nsí edinam nke antibacterial mmadụ, ọ dị ndị a dị iche iche onwe formulations adịghị anakwere.

The ojiji nke homonụ

Mmiri ọgwụ causal ọgwụgwọ - a mgbagwoju nke jikoro iji na-ewepụ ndị na-akpata ọrịa na-enyemaka nke homonụ. Ịmata Ọdịiche nnọchi, na-akpali akpali na inhibiting iche nke ọgwụgwọ.

Nnọchi ngwa nke homonụ-eji na Endocrinology na ele mmadụ anya n'ihu ma ọ bụ zuru ezu enweghị ịrụ ọrụ nke endocrine glands. Onye ọrịa na-ewe ọgwụ ọjọọ, iwebata nke ana achi achi nkịtị mmiri ọgwụ itule ke idem. Ọtụtụ mgbe, nke a na ụdị ọgwụgwọ a na-eji maka ndụ. Otu ihe atụ bụ oriri nke insulin na-arịa ọrịa shuga.

Na-akpali akpali ụdị mmiri ọgwụ mmadụ na-kenyere mgbe endocrine gland kwesịrị mkpali ọrụ. N'ihi nke a, homonụ nke pituitary na hypothalamus.

Braking ụdị ọgwụgwọ akpalite Mbelata gland hormone na ya hyperfunction. Ẹkenam eti ọkpọ nke hormone, nke bụ ókè. Ejikarị na oncology, ọrịa ụmụ nwanyị, urology, andrology.

vitamin

Jiri nke vitamin maka ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa ndị ha na-enweghị ma ọ bụ a zuru ezu enweghị na ọrịa ahụ, a na-akpọ vitamin ọgwụ. The n'ọrụ Efrata bụ regulators nke ụmụ mmadụ niile ndụ na ọrụ, otú ha edidu ke chọrọ ego a na-ewere amanyere bụ iwu.

1. The eke ụdị ọgwụgwọ e ji mbata nke dị oké mkpa vitamin nri. Ekenịmde nri mgbazi, na nke a na-emesi ngwaahịa kasị ọgaranya mkpa n'ọrụ Efrata.
2. Nnọchi ụdị ọgwụgwọ na-esonyere site iwebata vitamin na ụdị ọgwụ maka ọgwụgwọ nke vitamin erughi ma ọ bụ hypovitaminosis. E nwere ma mono- na multi-vitamin ego.
3. Pathogenetic vitamin ji prescribing ọgwụgwọ maka ọrịa mere site na vitamin erughi (hypotension, migraine, n'ahụ).
4. Pharmacodynamic ụdị ọgwụgwọ eji vitamin na-emetụta ihe ndị na-enweghị njikọ na ọrụ nke vitamin A erughi. Ka ihe atụ, ochichi nke mmadụ ike constrict ma ọ bụ dilate ọbara arịa.

The ojiji nke vitamin Mmeju, ọtụtụ atụle mma ngwọta, ma a ga-eme nanị mgbe oge na a ọkachamara.

probiotics

Causal symptomatic probiotic ọgwụ na-kenyere maka ọgwụgwọ nke nsia dysbiosis. Na iwepu akpata ọrịa, ọgwụ ndị na-eme ka o kwe omume ka tufuo adakarị n'obiọma. The mejupụtara nke probiotics gụnyere bacteria na ndị ọzọ na microorganisms, nke nwere n'etiti ndị nkịtị microflora nke nsia tract. Nnata nke ahụ mmadụ na ezigbo ichekwa na-enyere aka normalize na digestive tract ọrụ, weghachi microbiocenosis ma mee ngwangwa ndidi mgbake.

Dysbacteriosis Ọzọkwa, iji ọgwụ ọjọọ eme gosiri na ndị na-esonụ mgbe:

• mgbagwoju ọgwụgwọ nke endocrine abnormalities;
• enzymatic afọ metụtara;
• na-egbu egbu ọnya nke ụjọ usoro;
• ọrụ ọrịa ;
• gbasara akụrụ odida, obi na ọbara arịa;
• hypovitaminosis;
• immunodeficiency ọnọdụ;
• atherosclerosis;
• ọnọdụ metụtara na ike, imega ahụ na mmetụta nke nchegbu.

Antidototerapiya

Nnata nke na-egbu egbu na ajoo ulo oru ngo bekee na ahụ mmadụ na-achọ ozugbo ndọrọ ego nke ikpeazụ. Ụfọdụ n'ime ndị dị otú ahụ bekee nwere mgbochi ike iche iche na-ebibi ihe mmetụta nke nsị.

An ngwọta bụ a umi nke mkpatụ na-egbu egbu mmadụ ma ọ bụ ndị ọzọ ọgwụ ọgwụ ọjọọ, na-eburu si neutralization mmeghachi omume, eliminates mmetụta ọjọọ nsi. Bekee nwere ike ịbụ warara na iche iche sara mbara nke ọrụ. Tụlee ihe atụ nke kpọmkwem mmadụ ji na antidototerapii.

Nsi, na-egbu egbu umi	The kpọmkwem ngwọta
Amanita, organophosphorus mmadụ	Atropine sulfate na njikọ na dipiroksimom
agwọ elò	Heparin, epinephrine hydrochloride, protivozmeinaya ọbara
asịd	Sodium bicarbonate (baking soda ngwọta)
potassium permanganate	ascorbic acid
hydrocyanic acid	Unitiol, methylene-acha anụnụ anụnụ
carbon monoxide	Inhalation nke oxygen
Opiates na morphine nkwekọrịta	naloxone
Phenol, salts nke arọ ọla, arsenic, hydrocyanic acid	sodium thiosulfate

Causal ọgwụgwọ, na ụdị na e ji mara nke e atụle n'isiokwu na-esonụ, ọ bụghị dabeere nanị na nke a kpọmkwem otu ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe. The arụmọrụ na-adabere na ya ebu ike obibia: mgbazi ọgwụ ọjọọ Ọnọdụ na-aga n'ihu ime nnyocha na bacteriological akara organism onye ọrịa, ọgwụgwọ nke yiri pathologies.