Diphyllobothriasis: mgbaàmà na ụmụ mmadụ na ọgwụgwọ Usoro

Diphyllobothriasis bụ a parasitic ọrịa, Bilie a bụ isi lesion nke akụkụ nke digestive tract, nakwa dị ka megaloblastic anaemia. Ya activator dị nso tapeworm - a tapeworm (D.latum), nke nwere ike ịbụ ruo 10 m na erughị 10 umu nke genus Diphyllobothrium mụọ Diphyllobothrium.

Na-akpata ọrịa

Ofufe Ọrịa nke mmadụ diphyllobothriasis emee site na-eri jupụtara insufficiently emeso thermal usoro ma ọ bụ ka ogbonye nnu azụ ngwaahịa, ya na mgbe ịcha azụ na njikwa nke ezughi oke quality glassware mgbe ya. Agaghi asu ingress nke ikpuru na ahụ mmadụ emee dị ka ogologo yinye.

A usoro nke nkekọrịta diphyllobothriosis

Tapeworm àkwá tozuru okè n'ime ọhụrụ mmiri na a okpomọkụ nke 10-20 ° C maka ihe a ọnwa. Mgbe ahụ, ha na-iche koraditsii-embrayo, nke n'aka nke na-eri obere crustaceans, e.g., copepods. Nke a - plerocercoids - a mbụ n'etiti ogbo nke ọrịa na nke erùrù ii helminth. Nke abụọ na-adọ, mgbe freshwater azụ dị ka Pike, Aminadab, perch, eel, trout et al., Iri crustaceans na ahu ya larvae mezue ha mmepe na ogbo nke tozuru okè ụdị. Na nanị mgbe na ikpuru chọta ha definitive usu na, ya, na isi iyi nke ọrịa - a onye, ma ọ bụ, ọ dịkarịa ala, nnọchiteanya azụ-eri ụmụ anụmanụ ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka ezi, nkịta ọhịa, bear, akara, wdg Ọ bụ na ha na-ama tozuru okè nje helminth àkwá nke si n'oge defecation na idebe ihe ọcha ọduọhọ ọhụrụ mmiri, na-amalite a ọhụrụ yinye ọrịa.

Parasitizing eriri afọ obosara tapeworm mejupụtara ọtụtụ puku agba (proglottids) nwere àkwá, na-ike mmasị ka mgbidi na-enye onyinye obere eriri afọ via abụọ slits (bothria) emi odude na isi njedebe ya. Ọ bụ ezie na nje ogologo mgbe ụfọdụ esịmde 10 mita, e nwere otu mgbe ahụ mmadụ coexisted ọtụtụ ikpuru.

Location mgbasa nke ọrịa

mmadụ Diphyllobothriasis kasị n'etiti ndị bi na mpaghara na ọnọdụ oyi climates, ebe ndị bi na bụ isi nri azu na ya Roe. The ọrịa emee na mba Europe, karịsịa na Scandinavia, Japan, South America, Africa, USA, Canada, na Russia.

Pathogenesis na Pathologic picture diphyllobothriasis

Ozugbo ahụ mmadụ, a tapeworm na-akpa a pathogenic mmetụta n'ibu, na-egbu egbu na-adịghị anabata na neuro-mpiaji okike. Firstly, ọ bụ ịda iwu nke nsia mucosa bothria mgbe mmasị ka mgbidi helminth. Nke a na-atrophy na necrosis nke mucosa. nje metabolic ngwaahịa akpasu autosensibilizatsionnye Filiks. Echeta a ịrịba endogenous gipoavitaminoz folic acid na vitamin B12, nke ọnụ na ngwaahịa nke organism igbu egbu nje ndụ na 2% akpalite megaloblastic anaemia. Duration nke ọrịa bụ ruo afọ iri.

mgbaàmà diphyllobothriasis

Site 20 ruo ụbọchị 60 - dị incubation oge a nwere bothriocephaliasis mgbaàmà na ụmụ mmadụ na-amalite na-egosi na mgbe oge a. Ọ bụ n'oge a na ikpuru ibu mmekọahụ tozuru okè ụdị, mmasị ka nsia mgbidi na-ebido rụwa ọrụ. Diphyllobothriasis amalite na-egosipụta onwe nwayọọ nwayọọ. Ọgbụgbọ, belching na vomiting, abdominal distention, ihe mgbu na epigastric mgbu, ogbenye agụụ, nsogbu nke a oche - niile so site n'oge mgbaàmà bothriocephaliasis. nwoke na foto diphyllobothriasis a gasịrị ogbo ga invariably egosi ya na Omume pallor nke anụ ahụ na mucous membranes, na-enwe ndidi ga-ata ahụhụ site na ike ọgwụgwụ, ajụ obubu, adịghị ike, abdominal mgbu, paresthesia, hepatosplenomegaly, Achille, gbawara ire (nke e mesịrị nke ire na-aghọ ezigbo).

Kwuru, tachycardia, hypotension, iro ụra, systolic murmurs na onu ire, nkpọtu nke top. Laboratory ọbara ule presumably nje ọrịa gosiri ndị na-esonụ foto: ebelata haemoglobin, ala ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie, dịkwuo kpọmkwem bilirubin, elu agba index, neutropenia, leukocytosis, elu ESR. Ogo ogo anaemia, nakwa dị ka ogo nke ọrịa na-emetụta osisi ike helminthic infestations, ọnụnọ nke concomitant ọrịa, ngụkọta eguzogide nke ahụ, àgwà na nke ukwu nke nri gwusia.

N'ihi na oké diphyllobothriasis myelosis e ji mara funicular, nke a na-egosipụta mebiri nke miri uche, ụkwụ adịghị ike, bịara ikiri paresthesia. Na ụfọdụ ndị ọrịa, ikpa-egosi nfụkasị rashes (aṅụ), na-abawanye na ego nke imeju na-na splin. Na obere okwu ofu epileptoformnye (apnea) ọdịdọ, nkụnwụ nke aka na ụkwụ, na-adịghị akwụsi-eje ije. ndị a bụ bothriocephaliasis nwere mgbaàmà ndị siri na ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa a ga-malitere ozugbo nchoputa. Long oge diphyllobothriosis akpata ileus.

Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ uru arịba ama na bothriocephaliasis, mgbaàmà nke na-ekewet nke otu nnukwu n'usoro nke ọrịa mgbe ụfọdụ nwere nnọọ latent (asymptomatic) maka a ọria nke na ọrịa na-ahụrụ naanị na nchọpụta nke nje na na nsị iberibe.

nchoputa diphyllobothriasis

The ndabere maka nchoputa "bothriocephaliasis mmadụ" bụ onye ọrịa mkpesa na kwekọrọ ekwekọ laabu research data. Enyo enyo na ọrịa nwere ike ije ozi eosinophilia n'ime ọbara (n'ihi na na-adịbeghị anya mwakpo), na thrombocytopenia na leukopenia, elu erythrocyte sedimentation ọnụego na hyperchromic anaemia. A mara mma nke ọrịa bụ pịnye megaloblastic hematopoiesis. The analysis na-egosi a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke na-eto forms of erythrocytes (megaloblasts, normoblasts, polychromatophilia, poikilocytes wdg). A nnukwu ọrụ na nchoputa na-arụ epidemiological akụkọ ihe mere eme: eziokwu na-enwe ndidi na-anọ na-enwekarị n'ebe ụfọdụ ebe, na-eri nke ndu freshwater azụ ma ọ bụ nnu insufficiently caviar. Ma ikpeazụ analysis etinye naanị mgbe ọrịa stool analysis na-egosi na ọ na e dere àkwá ma ọ bụ agba nke sara mbara tapeworm.

E nwere otu ebe ọrịa mesoo, chọpụtara na iberibe nke nje na ha onwe ha na nsị.

Ọ dị mkpa na-emegharị anaemia Addison-Birmera na bothriocephaliasis, nke yiri nnọọ ihe mgbaàmà. Iji mezuo nke a, ebu site gastric ọdịnaya n'ihi na ọnụnọ nke na-akpata Castle anọghị anaemia.

Diphyllobothriasis: ọgwụgwọ

Ọ bụrụ na onye ọrịa na-chọpụtara "bothriocephaliasis" ọgwụgwọ a rụrụ ozugbo na ụlọ ọgwụ. Na oké anaemia tupu vyvedeniiyu helminth usoro nke vitamin kenyere ọnụego (B12, folic acid, ígwè). Vitamin B12 na-ndinọ ka intramuscular injections nke 200-500 mg 2 ma ọ bụ ugboro 3 a izu. Na oge nke vitamin ọgwụ bụ ụbọchị 30.

N'ihi degelmentizatsii eji ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka "biltricid", "Praziquantel", "Niclosamide" ma ọ bụ "Azinoks". "Fenasal" ọgwụ nwekwara ike-eji wepụ nje. All ọgwụ ọjọọ na-ingested ọnụ na-enwe a paralyzing mmetụta nke helminth. N'ihi ya, nke a nje na-efunari ike na-nọgidere n'ime eriri afọ na. Ọ dị ezigbo mkpa na a track, na tapeworm wee si kpam kpam. Iji nweta ihe ikpeazụ n'ihi ike ọcha enema bowel.

Irè nke ndị dị otú ahụ a ọgwụ ọgwụgwọ bụ banyere 95%, na obere okwu, mgbagwoju anya ileus, degelmentizatsiya rụrụ surgically. Ọrịa na a nchoputa nke "bothriocephaliasis", nke e ọma emeso dehelminthization nzọụkwụ retara na dispensary chọpụtara na-ewere Nsị analysis kwa ọnwa ruo ọnwa isii.

ndiife ịgba akwụkwọ

Na ndiife na nkà mmụta ọgwụ maka Ịchụpụ nke ikpuru na-omenala eji ugu osisi na a decoction nke ha. Ugu osisi, raw ma ọ bụ a mịrị amị, triturated na mmiri na mmanụ aṅụ na-ewe ke ichekwa 300 g. na-ebu ọnụ portionwise karịrị otu awa. Nke a na usoro a na-ahụ n'ụzọ zuru okè na-adọga na otu ihe iseokwu dị ka mmadụ bothriocephaliasis. Nyocha nke ọma degelmentizatsii iji ugu osisi ekwe iji hụ irè nke usoro a.

Nri, Nutrition

N'oge ọgwụgwọ, na-enwe ndidi ga-esoro diphyllobothriasis ìgwè ewu na nri na Ewezuga oriri na na-iwe na mucous akpụkpọ ahụ nke ihe nke nsia mgbidi. Advantageously Nsonye na nri oriri na a elu ọdịnaya nke vitamin B12, na folic acid.

Karịsịa na ụmụ

Worm infestation ụmụ bufee ukwuu arọ mgbaàmà nke anaemia na vitamin erughị eru na-eto eto na ndị ọrịa gosiri ihe n'ụzọ doro anya.

Prevention diphyllobothriasis

Ọ bụrụ na ị - a hụrụ freshwater azụ na-ebi ndụ ke edere edere ebe nso ozu mmiri, iji ghara ijide na nko n'ihi nke a wetara ọrịa dị ka bothriocephaliasis onye, mgbochi nke na ọ ga-gị na-achị ndụ №1.

Iji zere ọrịa diphyllobothriasis ga-eri freshwater azụ naanị kwesịrị ekwesị esie, nakwa dị ka ya elu àgwà nnu caviar naanị. Ọ dị mkpa ka edebezuo iwu nke idebe ihe ọcha, azụ ọnwụ na nri si na ya.

I kwesịrị ịma na mgbe Zasole azụ, dabere na nnu ịta, erùrù ịnwụ naanị mgbe 2-7 ụbọchị. helminth àkwá n'oge brining ehi anwụ n'ime ọkara otu awa na 10% uka nta nke nnu na mmekọrita arọ nke àkwá. Ọ bụrụ na nnu bụ 5%, ngwaahịa na-aghọ mma oriri nwere bụghị tupu 6 awa, na 3% - bụghị tupu mgbe ụbọchị abụọ.

helminth larvae na-gburu n'okpuru miri akpụkọta (n'ihi na 2-4 ụbọchị na -18 Celsius C, otu izu na okpomọkụ nke -6 ° C).

Mgbe nchoputa nke ọrịa, ọ dị mkpa inyocha niile ndị òtù ezinụlọ ya, n'ihi na nke a na ha nọ n'ihe ize ndụ.

A gazuo uwa niile n'otu ọnụ ọgụgụ iji belata ihe gbasara nke puru nke ọrịa ga-ala pasent nke etiti-ebu na ọdọ site na mbenata ma ọ bụ ịkwụsị orùrù nke faeces na ọdọ mmiri na osimiri, huu ịdị ọcha nlekota nke usoro, nakwa dị ka izugbe ala nke n'ụsọ oké osimiri, osimiri na azụ ngwaahịa abanye nri ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ na ụlọ ahịa. Ọ ga-ọma-ekwu na ọgwụ oru dị otú ahụ ọrịa pụta ụwa na omume dị ka bothriocephaliasis mgbaàmà. Ọgwụgwọ na nkwenye nke nchoputa ga-malitere ozugbo na na a amanyere bụ iwu na ego niile ndị òtù ezinụlọ n'ihi na ọnụnọ nke ọrịa.

Karịsịa na ime, lactating

Parasitic infestation, - ya bụ, vitamin erughị eru na anaemia mgbe ọ na-anọchi anya a oké ihe ize ndụ maka ọdịnihu ahụ ike nke nne, na n'ihi nwa ebu n'afọ na mmepe. Ụmụ nwaanyị dị ime kwesịrị ịkpachara anya karịsịa, na-eri azụ na caviar. Ọ dị mkpa ọ bụghị uche mbụ ihe ịrịba ama nke ọrịa dị otú ahụ dị ka azụ tapeworm ọrịa, ihe mgbaàmà nke nke nwere ike mfe na-emeghe maka ihe ịrịba ama nke toxicity (preeclampsia), na ngwa ngwa na-achọ direction na laabu ule stool n'ihi na ọnụnọ nke worm àkwá na ya.

Ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa na ụmụ nwaanyị dị ime na-rụrụ site, mma maka ahụ ike nke nwa e bu n'afọ. Ya mere, n'ihi na degelmentizatsii ime na lactating ụmụ nwanyị na-abụghị nye iwu ndị dị otú ahụ ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe dị ka "biltricid" na-eji a mma ndiife usọbọ - ugu osisi. Mgbe ụfọdụ, nwa ara na nne na a nchoputa nke "bothriocephaliasis mmadụ" ọgwụgwọ nwere ike ikwu na-amị usoro nke na-anata na diphyllobothriasis ọkọlọtọ ọgwụ na grudnichka zigara ekpuchighị nri.