Ezie oriri: ewu ruu, klova, alfalfa, ụtọ klova. Bara uru Njirimara, cultivation

Kwa Afọ ma ọ bụ perennial nri grasses - bara uru ubi na-okokpon maka nri anụmanụ. Ji a ezi mkpụrụ, ekwukwa n'akwụkwọ uru ma nwere ihe dị nnọọ mkpa na vasatail ọrụ ike na nri isi. Eto eto ka ha na green nri, silage, haylage, hay, ahihia nri na dị ka grazing omenala.

Ezie nri - a bara uru oriri n'ihi na ọ nwere protein, carbohydrates, eriri, na dị iche iche na vitamin na mineral ndị dị oké mkpa maka nkịtị mmepe na uto nke ụmụ anụmanụ. Ya uru akụ na ụba na-adabere na oriri na-edozi, arụpụtaghị, palatability nke anụ ụlọ, nakwa dị ka njupụta dị iche iche na mpaghara.

Ụdị nri grasses

Na mba anyị na-emezu ihe karịrị 80 na umu nke a omenala, na e nwere ihe 5,000 eke ala.

All ahihia nri na-ekewa n'ime 4 iche iche:

• agwa;
• ọka;
• sedge;
• forbs.

N'ihi na oge nke ndụ nke ahihia nri nwere ike ịbụ annuals na perennials.

The ezinụlọ legumes

Agwa nri ahihia nri ala nke mba anyị na-achọta na obere, ma nke nwere a pụtara elu oriri Njirimara: omenala bụ ọgaranya protein na na-magburu onwe eri site na ụmụ anụmanụ. The kasị nile klova (red, na-acha ọcha, pink), Lotus corniculatus, alfalfa, odo, ahịhịa, wdg ọkwá.

The ezinụlọ grasses

Otu a nile na fọrọ nke nta niile ebe (ma e wezụga desat) ma na-enye ọtụtụ nke akuku ịta nri ma ọ bụ hay (mgbe ruo 80-90%). Ọtụtụ ọka nwere a elu n'azụ ùgwù, karịsịa na-eto eto na ọnọdụ ha. N'oge senouborki n'oge ihicha ndị a herbs na-ọma chebere epupụta, nke bụ ihe ndị kasị bara uru akụkụ. The kasị nile ọka dị ka nku, quackgrass, Ostrets et al.

Sedge ahihia nri

Iji otu a nke herbs na-agụnye osisi nke ezinụlọ Cyperaceae na Juncaceae. A omenala na-ahụta ka nke nta na ndepụta atụmatụ, na kama merụsịrị eri site na ụmụ anụmanụ, ma na edere edere mpaghara nke oké ọhịa na mpaghara na-eme ka elu nnukwu nke hay (mmiri sedge, Carex gịrịgịrị, na ndị ọzọ). Nakwa na mbara na ọkara desert, ọtụtụ sedges bara uru nri osisi.

Motley ahihia

Nke a na-agụnye ndị ọzọ nile na botanical osisi ezinụlọ. Grasses - ahịhịa ahihia nri, nke ụfọdụ na-ruo 60-70% nke guzoro. Isi akụkụ nke ha bụ nke akụ na ụba dị mkpa. Osisi nke otu a ọzọ na-edozi karịa ọka, ma ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-ukwuu na-erughị eri site na ụmụ anụmanụ n'ihi na nke ilu uto, thorniness, pubescence na ndị ọzọ. Small content grasses (cuff, Dandelion, cumin, wdg) Na guzoro (20%) - achọsi ike iji n'ihi na ịnweta mejupụtara mma palatability na-eri nri ehi ya.

A ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke herbs na otu na herbage hay ojiji bụ ukwuu ekwesighi, n'ihi na:

• ọ displaces ndị ọzọ ihe bara uru legumes na ọka;
• n'etiti grasses hụrụ ọtụtụ ata (ubi bindweed, uke odo na ndị ọzọ.) na-egbu egbu (egbu egbu buttercup, hellebore, milestones egbu egbu aconite na ndị ọzọ.) osisi.

Nri kwa afọ grasses

The peculiarity nke kwa afọ nri grasses na ha mmepe okirikiri na-agwụ n'ime otu afọ, na ha na-anwụ. Kụrụ maka greenery na nri, silage, nakwa dị ka na-enye a lekwasị fiidi. Kwa Afọ grasses nye elu zaa nke green uka, nwere nnukwu ekwukwa n'akwụkwọ uru, nwere obere na-eto eto oge.

N'ihi na eziokwu na ịsụ osisi ripeness n'akparamagwa dị 50-60 ụbọchị, ndị a omenala dị oké mkpa maka n'etiti ubi, na a ọrụ n'aka di na nwunye.

Kwa Afọ grasses na-kewara abụọ na ụdị:

• agwa;
• bluegrass (ọka).

Kwa Afọ legume nri n'ubi na-akụ na n'oge opupu ihe ubi. The kasị baa uru osisi - mmiri na oyi vetch, ọkwá ya, nri lupine, ornithopus.

Mkpụrụ akụkụ grasses ndị ọzọ okpomọkụ na-ahụ n'anya annuals, ha na-kụrụ a na-kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ ala maka agha n'oge spring ubi. The kasị baa uru bụ: Sudan ahịhịa, ụjọ, sorghum, kwa afọ ryegrass, Siberia millet, pearl millet na ndị ọzọ.

Perennial nri grasses

Perennial nri ahihia - agha herbaceous osisi, ndu ndimmadu nke nke ihe karịrị otu afọ. Na-okokpon maka nri anụmanụ.

The omenala na-agụnye ihe karịrị 50 umu nke osisi. Ha na-akụ ihe a kasị n'ụdị ahihia mixtures, nke nwere mmetụta dị mma n'ebe nri àgwà na ala ọmụmụ. Kụrụ dị ọcha kụrụ n'ubi na-eke na-emezu ịta ahịhịa bụ akuku adiana.

N'afọ mbụ nke ndụ, perennial grasses na-emepe emepe nnọọ nwayọọ nwayọọ, tojuru ata na ike na-emepụta ala zaa. Ya mere, ha na-atụ aro mgbe agha mkpụrụ ọka ma ọ bụ n'usoro ihe ọkụkụ na composted nsị anụ ma ọ bụ ala.

Perennial grasses na nri na-ekewa n'ime:

• Poa (ahihia). The kasị: Timọti, Brome, perennial ryegrass, wheat ahịhịa, ryegrass ogologo, Kentucky bluegrass, ryegrass mnogoukosny, gịrịgịrị wheatgrass, ubi ọma ahịhịa, bentgrass-acha ọcha, na-acha uhie uhie fescue, foxtail na ndị ọzọ.
• Legumes: alfalfa, klova ọcha, red klova, klova pink, sainfoin, Lotus corniculatus.

Ka ịmepụta a ukwuu na-arụpụta ahihia mkpa manye nnabata na isi ugbo omume nke cultivation omenala.

ewu ruu

Kozljatnika akọ a perennial ogwu nke ezinụlọ legumes. Esiwe branched chịm, na-emekarị ọ esịmde a dị elu nke 1 m, na tụụrụ Ona bụ ike na-eto eto ruo 1.5 m. The mgbọrọgwụ usoro nwere a mkpanaka ụdị, germinates na 80 cm ke omimi. Na isi mgbọrọgwụ nke ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ụmụ emepụta. Akpa, ha na ịgbasapụ na 30 cm na mgbe asiaha na-etolite ọhụrụ ị ga.

Doo imparipinnate stemmed osisi, ruo 30 cm.

Ewu ruu - nri ahihia na acha violet ma ọ bụ-acha anụnụ anụnụ okooko osisi na-ele anya dị hey, nke na-anakọtara na inflorescence-ahịhịa. Na nke ọ bụla azuokokoosisi e pụrụ kpụrụ nke 3-5 iberibe. Fruiting n'akparamagwa September na October. Agwa obere size (2-4 cm ogologo), ọchịchịrị oroma, fọrọ nke nta aja aja, 3-7 na mkpụrụ osisi. Ewu ruu nwere a kama adịghị eto ngwa ngwa, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị ruo mgbe mgbụsị akwụkwọ na-etolite 20 cm n'ịdị elu, ọ bụ ihe kasị na-na workpiece na-agafere-esote afọ.

Mkpụrụ na-enwe ike ịnọgide na-enwe àgwà nke Germination ruo 8 afọ.

Ewu ruu bụ nnọọ ntu oyi na-eguzogide osisi na ike anabata nke ọma ọbụna dị obi ọjọọ winters.

2 mara ụdị nke a osisi Oriental ewu ruu (ogwu nri) na ọgwụ.

kwa afọ ryegrass

Bara uru nri osisi, na-enye ezi ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ nri na hay. The green uka nwere 3.2% protein, ma gụọ 2.3% protein, 8% dietary eriri. Ya jiri ịnụ ọkụ n'obi eri site na ehi, ke adianade do, ọ bụ ezi nri anụ ụlọ nnụnụ. Kwa Afọ ryegrass hay nutritionally abụghị usụhọde hay nke ụjọ, Sudan ahịhịa na ndị ọzọ cereal ubi. Animals eri nri nke ọma na ahịhịa. Kwa Afọ zaa nke hay - banyere 7-8 t / ha nke green uka - aka 20-30 t / ha, mkpụrụ - 0.5-0.6 t / ha.

Kwa Afọ ryegrass elu otavnost, n'oge na-eto eto oge na-enye 2-3 mowings. Mgbe nke abụọ ịsụ eto kpara ike ga-eji dị ka ebe ịta nri nri ruo mgbe mbubreyo daa, ebe ọ bụ na anabata obere ọdịda frosts.

melilot

Nke a na-adịghị okomoko kwa afọ ma ọ bụ biennial legume, ikike na-eto eto na ogbenye, aja, nkume na ụrọ Ona, nakwa dị ka ndị na-ebe ebe e nweghị topsoil. klova osisi bụghị egwu nke saline na alkaline Ona, ma anaghị anabata acidic ala mmiri na intermittent arọ ala, na nso nke mmiri na tebụl. The mgbọrọgwụ usoro dị ike ma nke ọma mepụtara, otú a ogwu nwere ike inye a ọma akuku na ala kpọrọ nkụ nke ebe ndị ọzọ nri n'ubi ọkụ. Mgbe zuru ezu quantities nke mmiri ozuzo owuwe ihe ubi nke akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ uka nwere ike iru ruo 8.7 tọn / ha.

klova osisi a na-ọma na-eji ọ bụghị nanị na nri ma n'ihi na green nri ala.

Mkpụrụ asiaha na okpomọkụ nke si 2 50 ° C, Ome nwere ike idi kefriza -6 ...- 5 Celsius C, na oyi na-atụ na-eguzogide perennial ụfọdụ iche kpụkọrọ akpụkọ anaghị atụ 40 Celsius C.

Sweet klova bụ a bara uru elu-protein nri osisi, nke bụ nutritionally usụhọde klova, alfalfa na sainfoin. Ọ pụrụ mgbe mgbe ike dị na ala ahịhịa juru, ohere iputa nza, roadsides.

Ọ bụ oké ọkọchị na-eguzogide, oyi na-atụ na-eguzogide na-eguzogide ọgwụ osisi ọrịa na pests adabara greenery, silage na hay. Nwere ike toro ma na mixtures, nakwa dị ka ha onwe ha.

ọcha klova

Epuo na ọma na aja, loamy weakly acidic ma ọ bụ na-anọpụ iche Ona. N'afọ mbụ nke ahihia (klova) bụ ike ifuru na-emepụta mkpụrụ. N'afọ nke abụọ nke ndụ na-abịa zuru development. N'otu ebe nwere ike na-eto eto ruo 9-10 afọ.

Ezie (klova), mmiri, na anyanwụ-n'anya, na ntu oyi na-eguzogide ọgwụ. Ọ na-kacha mma toro na ebe ooh jụụ ihu igwe, ebe e nweghị oké ọkọchị.

Agha na-acha ọcha klova bụ ihe magburu onwe nri osisi na-nwere ọtụtụ protein. Pritaptyvanie ehi mgbe na-ata nri na-adịghị inhibit osisi, na Kama nke ahụ, ọ na-eme ka a mma akwaga. Ịkọ a legume na mma ala ọmụmụ. Ya Nsonye na mejupụtara na Timọti ahihia mixtures, ryegrass na osisi ndị ọzọ mma oriri quality ịta nri ahihia - ụba protein ọdịnaya, site, abụba, calcium, potassium, na-ebelata eriri. Mkpụrụ nke green uka na ala ahịhịa juru - banyere 60-120 kg / ha, hay banyere 18-35 n'arọ / ha, mkpụrụ 3.0-5.0 t / ha.

alfalfa

Nke a bụ a perennial ahihia nri legumes. Ji ma dị ka akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ fodder, na maka inweta elu àgwà hay. Alfalfa osisi na-eji ọgwụ na nzube. Culture mma ala Ọdịdị, nakwa dị ka nitrogen-mma ala, na-ebibi ata. Ji elu iguzogide okochi na oyi hardiness. Na herbage nwere ike chere na 10 afọ ma ọ bụ ọbụna karị. Mgbe ịsụ eji nwayọọ nwayọọ eto.

Nke a na osisi prefers na-eri nri ala ojii, ọhịa-steppe loam, peat na aja aja na agba ntụ Ona na ndị ọzọ wayo-ọgaranya ala. Alfalfa-etolite-agụghị oké na mmiri na arọ ụrọ Ona.

Nke a na osisi nwere ọtụtụ nke vitamin na protein. Ọ na-ọma gbarie site herbivores. Alfalfa osisi ẹsuande ma dị ọcha ụdị na admixture.