German ụgbọala nchegbu "Volkswagen" (Volkswagen): mejupụtara, ụgbọ ala ika

Nchegbu "Volkswagen" bụ nnọọ kasị ibu n'ụwa. VW Group nwere ọtụtụ na-ewu ewu akpakanamde ụlọ ọrụ ma na-amị pụtara ụgbọala ndị na-na ina na niile mba ndị mepere emepe. Ọfọn, ị ga-agwa anyị ihe banyere nke a mkpa.

na-akpali eziokwu

Nchegbu "Volkswagen", ma ọ bụ kama ya n'isi ụlọ ọrụ, emi odude ke Germany, Wolfsburg. Ọ sụgharịta aha dị ka "ndị mmadụ ụgbọ ala". Ọ bụ nnọọ ihe atụ, n'ihi na igwe ndị a bụ n'ezie na oké ina.

Ọ bụ na-akpali na na September 2011 na ịtụ vootu mbak nke Group na ego nke 50.73% na-ekesịpde site na ọ na-erughị maara nke ọma German nketa ụlọ ọrụ. Nke, dị ka ị pụrụ maa, bụ Porsche Ghaat. Otú ọ dị, ọ ga-ahụ kwuru na ụlọ ọrụ "Volkswagen" nwere niile 100% nke mbak nke a nketa. N'ihi na a ogologo oge, na mkparita uka ha banyere isonyere VW na Porsche na a otu Ọdịdị. Ọ e zubere na ọ ga-ka a na-akpọ - VW-Porsche. Ma nke a adịghị eme (mechara nke a ga-kọwara).

Ọ bụ na-akpali na Martin Winterkorn kemgbe onyeisi oche nke Board of ma onye na ìgwè nke abụọ. Ma na September, 2015, ọ kwụsịrị ịbụ.

"Volkswagen" nchegbu bụ ihe dị ka 342 ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-agba mbọ iji na-emepụta ihe ụgbọala na-enye ndị ọzọ ọrụ ndị metụtara ụgbọala. Ọ bụ akpali mmasị n'ezie.

The akụkọ ihe mere eme

Ya mere, tupu na-ekwu okwu banyere ihe na-egosi nchegbu "Volkswagen" mejupụtara, ọ bụ uru na nkenke na-agwa anyị banyere ya n'akụkọ ihe mere eme. Ya kere bụ Ferdinand Porsche. Na 1938, mbụ VW factory e wuru. Kwesịrị ịdị, ọ bụ na Wolfsburg.

Na 1960, 22 August, na ọ pụtara n'okpuru aha nke OOO "Volkswagen ụlọ mmepụta ihe." Ozugbo guzobere Federal Republic of Germany, a ụlọ ọrụ na-ekesịpde site na Lower Saxony. Na a gbanwere aha ya. Na omenala, nke na-anọgide na-agbanweghi agbanwe n'oge a. Mgbe ahụ Volkswagen AG ghọrọ aku bụghị naanị na imewe nke ụgbọala na ọkpọkkpọk o-moto, ma ndokwa nke lọjistik na ego ọrụ. Ọzọkwa, ọbụna a obere enterprise amị nri, nwere nke a na nchegbu.

n'ihu na-eme

The nineties nwere gbapụrụ esiri ọtụtụ mba. Germany sokwa, na nchegbu - ọbụna karị otú ahụ. Cars "Volkswagen" wee na-ewu ewu, ma na ụlọ ọrụ na-ka na-enwe ike ụfọdụ. Ma Ferdinand Piëch goro nsogbu manager, n'ụzọ nkịtị zọpụta ndị ụlọ ọrụ. Up ruo mgbe 2015 o nyere ego Filiks. Nwoke a kpebiri iji mụbaa nchegbu "Volkswagen". The mejupụtara, nke taa anyị maara na ọ nwere ike na-adị ma ọ bụrụ Piech bụghị dị ka uchu na ọhụụ.

Ke mbubreyo nineties, ụlọ ọrụ aghọwo ihe a ma ama, n'ihi na mgbe ahụ, e nwere a Volkswagen Bentley nkewa na-arụpụta ụgbọala apụta-Royce. Otú ọ dị, ọnụ na Munich BMW, nke ahụ ekesịpde ikike ka a ika. "Volkswagen" Ebe ọ bụ na 2003, ihe karịrị ndị na-adịghị aka - nchegbu "BMW" akpatre zụtara apụta-Royce ika.

The nkwekọrịta na "Suzuki"

Stampụ nchegbu "Volkswagen" dịgasị iche iche, ma ọtụtụ ndị na-na-idem eziokwu na na December 2009, German ụlọ ọrụ kpebiri ike njikọ aka na Japanese ike "Suzuki". Ma ọ dịghị ihe ihe mere. Nchegbu dị nnọọ gbanwere mbak (German ụlọ ọrụ kpaliri 1/5 nke niile mbak nke Japanese ụlọ ọrụ). Mgbe ahụ, anyị mere mara ọkwa na nkwonkwo mmepe nke pụrụ iche ugbo ala na ike ga-n'enweghị ekewet udi nke eco-enyi na enyi. Ma mmekorita adịteghị. Ọbụna afọ abụọ na-adịghị agafeela kemgbe pịa ka eze mara ọkwa na ụlọ ọrụ kpebiri ịkwụsị azụmahịa mmekọahụ. Ọ mere na 2011, na September.

Nkewa kere XX narị afọ

Nchegbu "Volkswagen" na Germany bụ ndị kasị ibu. Ya isi enyemaka-atụle ga-ozugbo Volkswagen, nke na-amịpụta elu-edu ụgbọala. Otu a na-adịghị gosikwa ka a enyemaka nke ụlọ ọrụ. Nke a ụlọ ọrụ na-akọ ozugbo na idu ndú nke otu.

Otu n'ime ndị kasị ewu ewu ụdị nwekwara "Audi". Nchegbu ya volfsburgsky zụtara si Daimler-Benz nwere ogologo akụkọ ihe mere eme - na 1964, na-kpọmkwem. Mgbe ahụ, na Audi Division m sonyeere ọzọ ike, zụtara afọ ise mgbe e mesịrị, na 1969. Na na ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ na NSU Motorenwerke. N'eziokwu, m nwere ya kere bụghị otú ahụ ogologo oge - naanị ruo 1977.

N'afọ 1986, a ọhụrụ nnweta e mere. Nchegbu nke zụtara a ọchịchị eto na Seat nke ụlọ ọrụ (53 pasent). Iji ụbọchị volfsburgskaya Corporation nwere 99,99% nke mbak. Nke ahụ na-na, n'eziokwu, na Spanish ụlọ ọrụ na-ekesịpde site na German ụlọ ọrụ. Mgbe ahụ, na 1991, VW zụta na "Skoda".

Alaka ịda na njedebe nke 90

Anyị ga-achọ ikwu banyere Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles. Nke a bụ - otu nọọrọ onwe ha unit, onye na-eme na-achịkwa ndị VW Group. Ma ndị dị otú ọ bụ nanị mgbe 1995, ekele mgbalị nke gara aga, onyeisi oche nke otu, nke bụ Bernd Vaydeman. Tupu a ugbu a unit bụ akụkụ nke VW Group. Taa ọ na-arụpụta gwongworo, ụgbọ ala na banyeghachi n'ụgbọala anyị.

N'afọ 1998, ìgwè enwetara ndị ụlọ ọrụ, nke bụ onye ahụ na-amị a n'ezie dara oké ọnụ ma ọgaranya igwe. Ma ọ bụ "Bentley". British ụlọ ọrụ enwetara ndị German ụlọ ọrụ na "apụta Royce", nke e mesịrị na-ere ka "BMW" (dị ka kwuru n'elu).

Ozugbo "Bentley" zụta "Bugatti" na "Lamborghini". The Italian ike ka zụtara ya onwe ya mere abụghị nchegbu "Volkswagen" na ya enyemaka "Audi". 1998 chetara n'ezie mkpa ịrịba azụmahịa.

ọzọ nkeji

"Volkswagen" ụgbọala na-ama n'ụwa nile. Magnat arụpụta n'ezie ezi, elu-edu, pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi, ahụ iru ala na ndị mara mma ụgbọala. Kamakwa nchegbu akanyam gwongworo, ụgbọ ala, gwongworo, traktọ na dizel engines. Ha na-emepụta site Scania AB, nke VW Group zụtara ke 2009. About 71 percent nke mbak nke ụlọ ọrụ bụ nke volfsburgskomu nchegbu.

Ọzọ dokwara maara nke ọma emeputa nke traktọ na ndị ọzọ ụgbọala - bụ nwoke AG. Ya ịchịkwa eto na na-bụ nke German ụlọ ọrụ, na n'ihi afọ ise gara aga.

Ugbu a banyere Porsche. On a sịrị na mmalite, ma ọ dị mkpa iji laghachi a isiokwu. 49,9% nke mbak nke ụlọ ọrụ ekesịpde VW Group ke 2009. Mgbe ahụ, ọ negotiated na mmakọ nke abụọ ndị a siri ike ụlọ ọrụ a otu unit. Ma nke a adịghị eme. VW Group ka zụta "Porsche". N'ihi ya, na-ewu ewu emeputa nke 12 E ewere dị ka akụkụ nke ìgwè. Ịzụ eri volfsburgskim nnọchianya ka fọrọ nke nta 4.5 ijeri euro. Ọzọkwa ya nwere na-elu "ime" ka otu n'ime ndị ya òkè (nkịtị).

Na ụlọ ọrụ nwere ndị kasị ewu ewu na emeputa nke ọgba tum tum (na Ducati Motor Holding SpA) na studio ItalDesign Giugiaro. Ọ na-zụtara VW Group, na "Lamborghini". The fọdụrụnụ nke mbak (9.9%) na nọgidere na-ekesịpde site Giorgetto Giugiaro ezinụlọ (onye nke founders nke studio).

Ileba 2015

Na September afọ gara aga, e nwere a isi asịrị gburugburu nchegbu "Volkswagen". Mgbe ahụ ya tụgharịa na banyere 11 nde ụgbọala na-agba ọsọ na dizel nkeji, nwere software na-arụ ọrụ n'oge ule. Nke a software nke ukwuu ebelata ego nke na-emerụ anwuru n'ime ikuku gas. Ọ hụrụ na larịị nke nitrogen oxides enwupụta dị nnọọ elu n'ezie. The asịrị gburugburu nchegbu "Volkswagen" mebiri nnọọ ngwa ngwa. The ụlọ ọrụ, site ụzọ, kwetara na ikpe mara ya.

Nke a software arụnyere na a nlereanya na aggregates TDI (Series 288, 189 na 188). Arụpụta igwe maka 7 na-ezughị ezu afọ - si 2008 ka 2015. Dị otú ahụ "ọrụ-" ụdị ndị a maara "golf" isii ọgbọ "ahia ifufe" (asaa), nakwa dị ka "Tiguan", "Jetta", ebe, na ọbụna "Audi A3".

Mebiri hụrụ mgbe nnyocha otu si University of West Virginia e amụ mejupụtara nke iyuzucha, haruru, nke na-tọhapụrụ n'ime ikuku mgbe ụgbọala.

Iwu na penalties

Kwesịrị ịdị, n'ihi na nke a ọ na-fined nchegbu "Volkswagen". Na ngụkọta, ọ dịrị banyere 18 ijeri dollar. Na ngụkọta oge na-mere dabeere na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ígwè ọrụ. Na ego ị chọrọ ịkwụ ụgwọ maka a "ntụpọ" ụgbọ ala bụ banyere 37.500 dollar. Yeah, bukwanu nchegbu e ọdịda a ntaramahụhụ "Volkswagen".

Ọzọ pụta nwere ike kwuru a ịrịba ọnụ na ahịa ike maka mbak nke nchegbu. Ọtụtụ ndị ọkachamara na-ekwu na nke a nwere ike imetụta n'ibu injinịa ụlọ ọrụ na mba ahụ. Ostensibly obi ike nke nwere ndị na-azụ nwere ike idebe budata na mmekọrita igwe, arụpụtara ke Germany, na ama "German quality" bụ ugbu a abụghị nke ukwuu a akwụkwọ.

Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ na ndị dị otú amụma na-emezu. Ma bụ eleghi anya na-abịa eziokwu. Mgbe niile, German ụlọ ọrụ na-na-amị n'ezie ezi ụgbọ ala n'ihe niile. "Volkswagen" mere nnọọ okpu. Ụfọdụ acha ọkụ ka ime - ire nke mere na asịrị ndị ala 5.2 percent ke mbubreyo oyi afọ gara aga. Ọ bụ na Germany. Global sales dara site na abụọ pasent. Otú ọ dị, obi abụọ adịghị - nke a bụ a nwa oge onu.