Giant-klas okpuru mmiri "Akula" Project 941: nnyocha, e ji mara

Class okpuru mmiri "Shark" ka bụ undefeated ndekọ nke USSR. Mgbe ke kwurula igodo nke 120 ụbọchị, ọ na-adị mfe obe oké osimiri hụrụ na ọ ike ịkwụsị oké Arctic ice na see iro mgbaru ọsọ na-atọhapụ niile mgbọ ballistic agba n'ime a obere oge. Taa, chọta a ojiji maka na ọ nwere ike ọ bụghị, na ya akara aka bụ aghọta.

anyị azịza

The ogwe aka agbụrụ eketịbede n'etiti USSR na United States, na-ekwu site na abụọ nke ihe zuru ezu omume ibe ịma aka. Na afọ 70 na United States nāchi ship na a Ndahie nke 18,7 tọn. Ya ọsọ bụ 200 nkeji, gụnyere ke ngwá na ígwè, na-emezu mmiri n'okpuru osimiri agha launching a omimi nke 15 na 30 mita. Na nzaghachi, ndị Soviet sayensị na ndị agha-ulo oru mgbagwoju nke mba na-edu ndú choro e kere eke nke elu technology.

Na December 1972 ọ e nyere kenkwucha na teknuzu chọrọ ike a ụgbọ okpuru mmiri na cipher "Shark" na nọmba 941. Malite nke ewu ọrụ malitere na ọchịchị mkpebi na-amalite na-emepe emepe na oru ngo e kenyere ịrụ CDB "Rubin". Mmejuputa iwu-nke imewe echiche ka mere na nnukwu hanga nke ụwa - na "Sevmash", na-ebikwasị ada itie ke 1976. N'oge ndị na-ewu ụgbọ okpuru mmiri e mere ọtụtụ nkà na ụzụ rụpụtara, otu onye n'ime ha - na nchịkọta-modular usoro nke na-ewu na budata belata oge nke ẹkụre. Taa, usoro a na-eji ọtụtụ ebe nile di iche iche nke shipbuilding, ma okpuru mmiri "Akula" klas bụ onye mbụ n'ime ihe niile.

Ná ngwụsị nke September 1980 site na ano nke Severodvinsk na oru na White Sea, mbụ ụgbọ okpuru mmiri "Akula" Project 941. Dị ka akụkọ mgbe ochie, na oké osimiri ma ọ bụ ndidi, na ụta nke okpuru mmiri ruo mgbe ọ na-lowered n'ime mmiri ahụ, n'okpuru waterline na-ese shark ezé agbabawo, ọdụ ọbọp trident. Mgbe ụmụ n'ime oké osimiri ịbịaru okụrede n'okpuru mmiri na logo mgbe hụrụ ọzọ, ma ndị mmadụ na ebe nchekwa, anyaukwu maka na akara na ihe ịrịba ama, ozugbo nyere aha nke ugbo agha - "Shark." All nke ndị na-esonụ ụdị 941 okpuru mmiri natara otu aha, na n'ihi na ndi oru ugbo ndị òtù ha na akara n'ụdị n'ọnyá na uwe na a na foto nke a shark ẹkenam. Na US ugbo agha e nyere aha "Typhoon".

imewe

Mmiri n'okpuru osimiri klas "Shark" ụgbọ mmiri na Ọdịdị yiri a catamaran - abụọ housings, onye ọ bụla n'ime ha nwere a dayameta nke 7.2 mita, na-ndokwa yiri onye ọ bụla ọzọ na a kwụ ụgbọelu. The akara ogige na akara modul dị n'etiti ndị isi ihe abụọ ozu, e nwere ime akara na radio engineering mgwo agha ugbo agha. Rọketi unit bụ n'ihu ụgbọ mmiri n'etiti hulls. Iji na-esi n'otu akụkụ nke ụgbọ ọzọ bụ na o kwere omume n'ihi na atọ ikwu n'ụzọ. The dum ahu ihe e ekewet nke 19 mmiri ghara ịba n'ime compartments.

Submarines of Project 941 ( "Shark") na-na-ewu, na ịcha na isi, abụọ pop-esi kpọpụ mmadụ nile ulo ikike niile na omume nke oru ugbo. Ogige, nke ụlọ Central ụlọ ọrụ, nke dị nso n'azụ nke ugbo agha. Titanium plating ekpuchi abụọ Central ahụ, Central post, torpedo ụlọ, ndị ọzọ nke elu-dụkọta ígwè, na nke a sonar mkpuchi na ntukwasi-obi odịbe si n'ụgbọ nsuso na usoro.

Front retractable wiil kwụ imewe na ụta nke ụgbọ mmiri ahụ. Elu ọnwụ mesikwuru na-onwem na a okirikiri ụlọ Ọdịdị, ike imebi siri ike ice elu mgbe sere n'elu na ugwu latitudes.

e ji mara

On okpuru mmiri ụdị 941 arụnyere ike nke ọgbọ nke atọ unit (ha ike bụ 100,000 lita. S.) Block ụdị, pụrụ isi chọta e diluted abụọ blocks na mgbali ahu ihe, na-ebelata akụkụ nke nei. N'ihi ya arụmọrụ e mma.

Ma, ọ bụghị nanị na nke a nzọụkwụ mere kpara klas submarines "Shark." Njirimara mkpuru gụnyere abụọ pressurized mmiri chernobyl OK-650 na abụọ uzuoku-ụdị tobaim. All kpọkọtara ngwá kwere ọ bụghị naanị ka iwelie arụmọrụ nke dum ọrụ nke okpuru mmiri, ma budata belata vibration, na ya, mma ụda mkpuchi nke ụgbọ mmiri. Nuclear ike ntọala na-arụ ọrụ na-akpaghị aka mgbe eletriki ike ọkọnọ.

nkọwa:

• Oke Ogologo - 172 mita.
• Oke obosara - 23,3 mita.
• Isi elu - 26 mita.
• Ndahie (mmiri n'okpuru osimiri / n'elu mmiri) - 48 ise / 23,2 tọn ..
• Ntachi obi na-enweghị surfacing - 120 ụbọchị.
• imikpu omimi (kacha / arụ ọrụ) - 480 m / 400m.
• igwu ọsọ (n'elu-mmiri / mmiri n'okpuru osimiri) - 12 nkeji / 25 nkeji.

agha

Main mgwo agha - siri ike ballistic agba "variant" (arọ ahụ - 90 m, ogologo -. 17,7 m.). agha nso nke 8.3 nke. kilomita, na warhead ekewa 10 warheads, ọ bụla nke nwere ike nke 100 kilotons nke TNT na onye usoro nduzi.

Malite niile mgbọ ngwá ụgbọ okpuru mmiri nwere ike ịbụ otu eloda obere nkeji n'etiti amalite agha nkeji. Na-agba ọsọ mgbọ mere si n'elu na submerged, kacha omimi ná mmalite nke 55 mita. Design e ji mara mgbọ envisaged na agha 24, mgbe e mesịrị na-ebelata ka 20 nkeji.

atụmatụ

Submarines of Project 941 "Akula" onwem na ike osisi esịnede abụọ nkeji, iche na iche iche na ntukwasi-obi ewusiri ike oriri. ngwa agha ike soro usu ngwá, akpaghị aka omume usoro na nwetụrụ ọnwụ nke ike.

Mgbe esite ọrụ na emebe a mkpa bụ nche ụgbọ mmiri na-arụ ọrụ, a na-akpọ nchedo okirikiri, nke na-gbakọọ usoro nke ike ike na kwupụtara experimentally ụlọ nkeji (abụọ mmapụta modul mgbakwunye akpa, njikọ housings na t. D.) .

Class okpuru mmiri "Shark" e wuru na "Sevmash", ebe kpọmkwem ndị kasị ibu n'ụwa a haziri na-kere ya ime ụlọ boathouse, ma ọ bụ ahịa nọmba 55 Ụgbọ mmiri nke oru ngo 941 na-ji ụba buoyancy - karịrị 40%. Iji ụgbọ mmiri ahụ kpamkpam submerged, ya ụgbọ dị arọ ga-ọkara ya Ndahie, ihe mere e ji a abụọ aha - "mmiri ụgbọelu". The mkpebi ndị dị otú ahụ a imewe e mere na a anya-ahụ ụzọ nke ọma anya - na-ebu idozi na mgbochi mmezi ga-achọrọ na ẹdude piers rụzie ụlọ mmepụta ihe.

Otu buoyancy ana achi achi ndụ nke ụgbọ mmiri nke dị n'ebe ugwu latitudes, ebe ị chọrọ imebi n'ime a oké ice cover. Submarines "Shark" Project 941 ịnagide tiri ọnọdụ ugwu osisi, ebe ice ọkpụrụkpụ esịmde 2.5 m na concomitant ice na ice ridges influxes. ike imeghe ice ọkpụrụkpụ gosiworo ugboro ugboro na omume.

na ndi oru ugbo nkasi obi

The ndi oru ugbo nke okpuru mmiri n'ụzọ dechara na ndị ọrụ nche, ikike ọrụ. Senior ọrụ nche na-chọpụtara na abụọ na anọ na-bed cabins onwem na a TV, a akwọ, ntụ oyi, uwe, tebụl na na.

Akwọ ụgbọ mmiri na keobere ọrụ natara na mkpofu ala Kubrick. Ụgbọ agha okpuru mmiri ọnọdụ ibi ndụ ihe karịrị ala, naanị ụgbọ mmiri ndị a na klas onwem ụlọ n'ihi na egwuregwu na-eme, ebe igwu mmiri, solarium na sawụna. Ghara kewapụta si eziokwu kwa na ogologo mkpọsa, ndị dị ndụ ebe e kere.

kpakọbaworo

N'ime dum oge nke na-ewu nke submarines nke ụdị 941 ọ nabatara Navy isii mgbere:

• "Dmitry Donskoy" (TK - 208). Kuchiri na December 1981, mgbe upgrade ọzọ malitere kụziere ọrụ na July 2002.
• TK-202. M nwetara ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na-etinye n'ime ọrụ na December 1983. Na 2005, ụgbọ mmiri ahụ e bee n'ime scrap metal.
• "Simbirsk" (FC-12). Kuchiri na Northern Fleet na January 1985. Ọ na-e-ewekarị nke na 2005.
• TK-13. The ugbo agha e goro na December 1985. Na 2009, ahụ e bee n'ime metal nke okpuru mmiri (shestiotsechny ngọngọ ngwa agha), a sụgharịala ogologo oge nchekwa na Kola Peninsula.
• "Arkhangelsk" (FC-17). Ụbọchị maka Navy - November 1987. N'ihi na enweghị nke mgbọ kemgbe 2006, tụlere ihe iseokwu nke itinye n'ọrụ.
• "Severstal" (FC-20). Kenyere n'ohu ahụ Navy na September 1989. N'afọ 2004, ọ bịara na idobere n'ihi enweghị ammo, slated maka mkpofu.
• TK-210. Bookmark ụlọ ewu coincided na dismantling nke aku usoro. Ọ kwụsịrị ego na e bibie na 1990.

Nuclear okpuru mmiri "Akula" klas ekpokọtara n'ime otu nkewa, nke na-eje ozi dị ka isi n'ihi Western People (Murmansk region). Nwughari Nerpichiya Bay e dechara na 1981. N'ihi na ụdị 941 mgbere na-onwem na home mooring akara, piers na pụrụ iche atụmatụ, wuru a pụrụ iche kreenu nke 125 tọn maka loading agba (bụghị nyere).

ugbu a ala

Ka ụbọchị, niile dị nuclear okpuru mmiri "Akula" klas dị na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke na ndekọ na-echekwawo ụdị, kpebiri ha eke. The ụgbọ okpuru mmiri "Dmitry Donskoy" e kwalite site kwesịrị ekwesị na ngwá "Bulava". Dị ka media akụkọ, e zubere pụrụ nke na-abụghị na-arụ ihe na 2016. Posts na mmejuputa iwu nke atụmatụ bụ.

Giant okpuru mmiri Project 941 "Akula", bụ ka a pụrụ iche na ngwá agha, naanị ugbo agha, ike nke na-ebu on ọgụ ọrụ na Arctic. Ha na-fọrọ nke nta ka à gụpụrụ mgbochi okpuru mmiri, emi odude US ngwá agha. Ọzọkwa, onye ọ bụla nke nwere onye iro nwere dịghị oru n'aka ịchọpụta ugbo elu ugbo agha n'okpuru ice.