Gịnị bụ interphase, ma ọ bụ akụkụ kasị mkpa nke cell okirikiri

Gịnị bụ interphase? Okwu na-ewepụtara Latin okwu "inter" pụtara "n'etiti" na nke Grik "Phasis" - oge. Nke a bụ otu oge pụrụ iche mgbe ndị cell na-etolite ma accumulates nri na nkwadebe maka ọzọ nkewa. Interphase enyene kasị nke cell okirikiri, na 90% nke ihe niile dị ndụ na mkpụrụ ndụ dara na ya.

Gịnị bụ interphase

Dị ka a na-achị, ọtụtụ ndị mejupụtara mkpụrụ ndụ wuru ofụri na-adọ, ka igbunye ya ụfọdụ onye nkebi a na-ike. Otú o sina ọkà interphase ekewa atọ, a na-eduzi na replication nke deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) na cell ntọala.

Oge interphase: adọ G (1), na-adọ S, na-adọ G (2). Presynthetic oge (G1), onye aha-abịa site English ọdịiche, sụgharịrị dị ka "nkeji", na-amalite ozugbo mgbe nkewa. Ọ bụ a dị nnọọ ogologo oge, na-adịgide adịgide si awa iri na ọtụtụ ụbọchị. Ọ bụ n'oge ya ìgwè bekee na preparations maka ibawanye nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na ihe onwunwe: ya amalite njikọ nke RNA, mepụtara ihe dị mkpa na-edozi.

Gịnị bụ interphase na ya ikpeazụ oge? Na presynthetic adọ nke a na-eto eto ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ribosomes, ịba ụba n'elu ebe nke ike ike endoplasmic reticulum na mitochondria egosi ọhụrụ. Cell, ewe a otutu nke ike na-eto eto n'ike n'ike.

Differentiated mkpụrụ ndụ agaghịkwa nwere ekwe omume ịkọrọ, na a izu ike na-adọ na-akpọ G0.

The isi oge nke interphase

N'agbanyeghị ihe Filiks ekem ke a cell na interphase, onye ọ bụla nke subphases dị mkpa maka n'ozuzu nkwadebe maka mitosis. Otú ọ dị, sịntetik oge nwere ike na-akpọ a gbanwere, n'ihi na ọ bụ n'oge ya okpukpu abụọ chromosomes na-amalite ozugbo preparations iji kewaa. RNA ka na-synthesized, ma ozugbo tinyere ndi na-edozi nke chromosomes, DNA replication amalite.

Interphase mkpụrụ ndụ nke akụkụ a dịruru isii awa iri. N'ihi ya, onye ọ bụla nke chromosomes ama okpukpu abụọ na mejupụtara a ụzọ nwanne chromatids, nke ahụ diverge si nnyan mitotic spindle. Na sịntetik na-adọ, na centrioles na-okpukpu abụọ ma ọ bụrụ na ha, N'ezie, na-na a onu. N'oge a, ndị chromosomes nwere ike hụrụ n'okpuru a mikroskopu.

atọ oge

Chromatids bụ genetically kpọmkwem otu, dị ka otu onye n'ime ha - na nne na nna, na nke abụọ - replicated iji ozi RNA.

Ka anya dị ka e nwere a full ibawanye nke ngụkọta mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na ihe onwunwe na-amalite postsynthetic oge tupu nkewa. Nke a na-agbaso site guzobe microtubules nke ga-akpụ gasịrị nkewa spindle na chromatids ga diverge si okporo osisi ya. Ọzọkwa echekwara ike, n'ihi na n'oge mitosis njikọ nke nri na-ebelata. Duration postsynthetic oge bụ ala, a na-ewe ihe a awa ole na ole.

na-enyocha

N'oge na cell okirikiri ndị cell ga-aga site na a ụdị breakpoints - mkpa "akara", mgbe nke ọ na-akwali ka ọzọ ogbo. Ọ bụrụ na n'ihi ihe ụfọdụ mkpụrụ ndụ nwere ike agaghị agabiga a ebe nnyocha, niile akwụsị na cell okirikiri, na-esote na-adọ ga-amalite ruo mgbe dị otú ahụ oge ha ruo mgbe ha na-ewepụ nsogbu na-gbochiri gabiga ebe nnyocha.

E nwere ihe anọ isi ihe, ọtụtụ nke na-dị na interface. The mbụ akara mgbe na cell-aga presynthetic adọ, mgbe ọ bụ na-emebibeghị DNA ego. Ọ bụrụ na ihe niile bụ ihe ziri ezi, mgbe ahụ, ọ na-amalite sịntetik oge. Ọ ná mma mgbe - bụ nyochaa izi ezi nke DNA replication. Ebe nnyocha na postsynthetic adọ - bụ na-elele maka mmebi ma ọ bụ omissions na abụọ gara aga ihe. Na nke a na-adọ na-enyocha ihe n'ókè replication ka mere na mkpụrụ ndụ. Unu agaghị agabiga ule a na-adịghị ekwe ka mitosis.

Nsogbu interphase

Emeghasịkwa nke cell okirikiri pụrụ iduga bụghị nanị na-ọdịda mitosis, ma guzobe siri ike etuto ahụ. Ọzọkwa, ọ bụ otu n'ime isi ihe mere ha na omume. Nkezi n'oge ọ bụla na-adọ, Otú ọ dị obere na ike, ọ na-ekpebi ihe ịga nke ọma ẹkụre ụdi nkebi na enweghị nsogbu. Akpụ mkpụrụ ndụ mgbanwe cell okirikiri ebe nnyocha.

Ka ihe atụ, na cell na mebiri emebi DNA njikọ anaghị eme n'oge interphase. E nwere mmụba na-ebute ọnwụ nke ma ọ bụ mgbanwe mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa nke p53 protein. Na mkpụrụ ndụ e nweghị mkpọchi nke cell okirikiri na mitosis amalite n'oge. The N'ihi nke ndị dị otú ahụ mmejọ na-aghọ nnukwu ọtụtụ mmụba mkpụrụ ndụ, ọtụtụ nke na-adịghị viable. Otú ọ dị, ndị nwere ike na-arụ ọrụ, enye ịrị elu na ajọ mkpụrụ ndụ, nke nwere ike na-eke nnọọ ngwa ngwa n'ihi na Mbelata ma ọ bụ enweghị a na-adọ ike. Njirimara nke interphase na-enyere aka hụ na ịza aza etuto ahụ ekewet nke mmụba mkpụrụ ndụ na-enwe ike ịkọrọ ngwa ngwa.

Na oge nke interphase

Ebe a na-a ole na ole ihe atụ nke otú ihe ndị ọzọ na ndụ nke cell na-ewe interphase oge, tụnyere mitosis. Na epithelium nke obere eriri afọ nke ụmụ oke nkịtị "izu ike na-adọ" na-ewe a kacha nta nke awa iri na abụọ, na mitosis ekwupụtakwa na 30 nkeji oge na-otu awa. Mkpụrụ ndụ emejupụta ọkpụkpụ azụ horsebean kewara ọ bụla 25 awa, na M na-adọ (mitosis) dịruru dị ka otu awa.

Gịnị bụ interphase ka cell ọrụ? Nke a bụ otu oge pụrụ iche, na-enweghị nke na ọ gaara-agaghị ekwe omume na mitosis, ma cell ọrụ dị ka a dum.