Ijuanya uzuoku tobaim

Ònye bụ "obi" na, na-enye ndụ ka ọtụtụ mmadụ ígwè bụ esịtidem combustion engine (ICE). Otú ọ dị, ọ bụghị mgbe nile.

Site n'oge gara aga na-ewetara

Tupu oge nke esịtidem combustion engine maka a ogologo oge, na nkume isi nkuku nke na nkà na ụzụ na-enwe ọganihu bụ a uzuoku tobaim. Nke a bụ obere akpati ebe mepụtara na-hụrụ na-ịga nke ọma otú ahụ anọgide na-eji taa, albeit na a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndozi. Ọ ga-kwuru na-arụ ọrụ na a di na nwunye na-ekwesịghị mgbagwoju anya na uzuoku turbines na kpochapụwo ụgbọala (otu locomotive). Ha nwere a dị iche iche na-arụ ọrụ ụkpụrụ, na arụmọrụ bụ enweghị atụ.

Steam tobaim. mepụtara

Ọ na-kweere na oge mbụ dị otú a tobaim mepụtara na-emejuputa atumatu na metal Swede P. Laval. Back na 1889, e nwere mkpa maka irè engine maka mmiri ara ehi separator, ikike imepụta adiana ọsọ nke ọ dịkarịa ala 100 revolutions kwa nke abụọ. Ụkpụrụ nke ime ihe nke tobaim dị nnọọ mfe: na a n'elu ofu aka cylinder axis nke agụba enịm ke nke gburu ugboelu nke enwu uzuoku si n'èzí n'ihu ji esi mmiri ọkụ. The nwere ike nke ụzọ ghọọ kinetic ume, na-eme cylinder bugharia. Laval empirically kpebisiri ike na nsonaazụ kacha mma na-nwetara ma ọ bụrụ na eruba n'ime uzuoku ga-agbanahụ site cone ekara nozulu, kama ogologo akpa.

Otú ọ dị, a mara uzuoku tobaim England C. A. Parsons. Ọ mepụtara ọ fọrọ nke nta yiri na Laval, ma ọ bụghị naanị mma, ma na-chepụtara jikọọ ihe electric generator (na prototype nke oge a usoro nke GD).

Na 1894, o kere ụgbọ mmiri, chụpụrụ site engine dabeere na a uzuoku tobaim (ọsọ kacha nke banyere 60 km / h). The echiche bụ ịga nke ọma otú ahụ mgbe 1900 ọtụtụ ndị warships onwem na yiri engines.

oge anyị

N'ezie, ebe ọ bụ na mepụtara na mbụ uzuoku tobaim nlereanya e emelitere, na imewe drawbacks na-tutu amama. Classical uzuoku tobaim usoro-agụnye abụọ mmiri: a ofu stator na nozzles na a n'usoro n'usoro rotor unit (cylinder) na pupụtara chọpụtara na ya ụlọ. Dabere na ntụziaka nke uzuoku ngagharị iche abụọ iche rotor ewu - radial na axial. Ihe mbụ bụ echiche nke mbụ ngwọta: ha di na nwunye ịnọgide na-amụba vector perpendicular na cylinder axis, na vanes bụ ihe yiri ka ya. Na axial ntụziaka nke ụzọ ekwekọ n'àgwà nke ndị axis, na adiana na-eme n'ihi na pụrụ iche nghazi nke pupụtara.

More oru oma eji ike May di na nwunye Goodbye turbines na ọtụtụ cylinders (multihull). Otú ọ dị, n'ihi na cumbersome ọdịdị na mgbagwoju nke imewe dị otú ahụ ngwọta na-eji ebe ha were bụ aku na uba o zie ezi n'iwu. Cylinders housings nwere ike dị na a nkịtị axis na-mechanically onwe ha. The usoro nke akàrà na diaphragms gbochie ndiiche ọrụ dum usoro (mpụga ikuku oriri, na leakage uzuoku gafere degrees na otú pụta.).

Mmepe nke uzuoku tobaim technology

Na ala etoju nke mgbali uzu ọkụ na ala ike tobaim oge gboo insufficiently irè. Ha na-anọchi uzuoku ịghasa igwe. Nke a Russian development bụ eke evolushọn nke mbụ nlereanya. Inside ụlọ na-ndokwa rotors na helical lobes. Ndị na-abata uzuoku jupụtara n'ime mbara n'etiti ezé nke ọzọ kposara, e bụ ntụgharị na n'ihu oriri akwụsị. Ọzọkwa, uji eze òkè nke uzuoku emepụta na-gbasaa na-arụ ọrụ na adiana nke ịghasa rotor. Nke a imewe na-enye ohere maka mma ojiji nke echekwara ume uzuoku.