Ikpere nkwonkwo. nkọwa

Ikpere nkwonkwo, esịnede abụọ akụkụ, na njikọ drumstick na ụkwụ. Otu akụkụ na-emi odude n'etiti adị ka okporo ụkwụ na femur, na nke abụọ - n'etiti patella na femur. Ikpere nkwonkwo bụ ihe kasị dị mgbagwoju na nnukwu nkwonkwo nke ahụ mmadụ. Nke a ibughari Bloc usoro nwere a Ọdịdị na-enye ohere maka ndọtị, flexion na nta medial na mpụta adiana. Ikpere nkwonkwo -akwado fọrọ nke nta dum arọ nke ahụ mmadụ. Nke a unit bụ ngwangwa: ọ bụ ewekarị mebiri na mmepe nke osteoarthritis.

Na mejupụtara unit bụ dịpụrụ adịpụ patella-femoral, tibiofemoral mmiri. Peroneal nnochianya ọgọdọ na-ewere dị ka a akụkụ nke tibiofemoral mmiri.

Ikpere nkwonkwo esịnede atọ ọtọ compartments bụ a mgbabere uzo-ụdị nkwonkwo. Òtù ya gụnyere femoral-cup (femoral-patellar) akụkụ. Ọ, n'aka, mejupụtara emi odude ke frontal ụgbọelu nke epiphysis nke femur patella, nke slides na ikpere nkwonkwo. Ọzọkwa na femoral-iko ibe gụnyere femoro-tibial òtù (medial na mpụta). Ndị a components adị ka okporo ụkwụ (ukwu na isi) jikọtara ndị femur. Na ikpere e synovial ọmụmụ. Ọ bụ ugbu a n'ime ya synovial akpụkpọ ahụ (Capsule).

Ikpere nkwonkwo e nyere a nnọọ oké mkpa. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ metụtara ije nke ahu arọ na a vetikal (jumping) na kehoraizin (na-eje ije ma ọ bụ na-agba ọsọ) direction.

The na nwa mgbe na ọmụmụ patella undeveloped. Kama nke ahụ, e nwere n'ezie otu àgwàetiti nke ibu, nke a na-ugbua ka enwere cartilage. Site afọ atọ na ụmụ agbọghọ na ụmụ nwoke ise, a agwaetiti amama n'ime a nkịtị okpukpu ikpere.

nkwonkwo unit na-agụnye a pụrụ iche akwụkwọ. A na-agụnye, akpan akpan, na-agụnye guzobe nke femur: na medial na mpụta condyles. Ha iche dịtụ posteriorly na distally. Mpụta condyle n'ihu wider karịa n'azụ, na medial nwere a ukwuu mgbe nile n'obosara.

The patella emi odude ke articular Capsule, n'ihu akụkụ nke ya mkpa mgbidi. On n'azụ elu-ya nile na positioned medial mpụta ụgbọelu, ọ bụla nke nwere a njikọ na patella n'elu. Ọ, n'aka nke ya, na-agwakọta nke femoral condyles na n'ihu nke distal ihu ọkpụkpụ.

The nkwonkwo na synovial iche eriri akpụkpọ ahụ (oyi akwa). Ha na-iche site ọdụdụ ego na ya. A anụ ọnọdụ nke nkwonkwo na-nyere site ụdọ ya gburugburu. Na njikọ na multiple menisci, na Capsule enye bursitis ọgọdọ.

Dị ka e kwuru n'elu, na ikpere nkwonkwo-atụle ga-kasị emetụta akụkụ nke nkwonkwo usoro nke onye. N'etiti isi mmebi nke unit a dịpụrụ adịpụ site na ogbu na nkwonkwo ngosipụta nke ogbu na nkwonkwo, ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo na gụnyere. Ha na-ugboro ugboro nke na-ebibi cartilage na ya hip condyles na tibial ọkpụkpụ nkwonkwo na akwara njikọ nke ikpere, na ndị ọzọ.

Special ngwaọrụ ahụike eji weghachi n'ahụ ụkwụ axis. Ka ihe atụ, splint na ikpere nkwonkwo na-etinyere na iji gbochie mmebi ma ọ bụ mee ngwangwa ọgwụgwọ. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ọ na-eji na mgbake oge mgbe fractures nke condyles nke femur na adị ka okporo ụkwụ mgbe plaster Immobilization. Ọ na-eji na-agafeghị oke akwusighi nke ikpere. The nkwado na ikpere nkwonkwo nwere ike ji mee ka egbochi mmebi. Ọ-enye gị ohere iji belata ibu ma ọ bụrụ na ahụ mebiri, ma belata mbufụt.