Ikuku ndu na nzube. Ọmụmụ ihe dị ndụ TPP

Mmadụ ọ bụla ọrụ na-metụtara electric ike oriri. Ya mere, ndị na-ewu nnukwu ike osisi (ihe okpomọkụ), malite na nke iri abụọ na narị afọ, ha kpebiri ka dozie uwa nsogbu nke enweghị ume n'onwe ya, na-enweghị mba ọganihu. The ofufe nke tụụrụ Ona, beneaped osimiri na ọdọ mmiri na-enweghị azu, emebi ọhịa, thermal mmetọ N'ịbụ CHP, eto eto ọnụ ọgụgụ nke oké njọ nke ọrịa. Ọ bụ ihe niile ume development results, ndị kasị imetọ ikuku ọrụ. Ọdịnihu nke ihe a kpọrọ mmadụ na-adabere na ihe ngwọta nke abụọ metụtara nsogbu, dị ka: mkpa ịzụlite ike na mmetọ nke gburugburu ebe obibi CHP. Air, ala, mmiri, osisi na ụmụ anụmanụ na-emetụta n'ji àgwà. CHP mmetọ disrupts eke ịrụ ọrụ nke niile nke mmiri nke Biosphere. A ọdachi ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka Chernobyl na Fukushima - nke a bụ ịdọ aka ná ntị, kama, ọbụna a mkpu enyemaka. Ọ bụghị na-emezu na gburugburu ebe obibi chọrọ maka CHP niile n'ụzọ nke ewu na ọrụ, ndị mmadụ imebi mmekọrịta ndụ ha na ndị nke ọgbọ niile.

isi mmalite nke ike

Fọrọ nke nta atọ-ebe nke ume chọrọ maka ndụ na-enye ike na usoro. Na ọ na-taa atụle site ecologists kasị imetọ ikuku ọrụ. dị mkpa iji nweta ume site ọkụ combustible ihe ndabere nke ụlọ ọrụ. The mmanụ ụgbọala nwere ike coal, peat, mmanụ shale, mmanụ ma ọ bụ gas. Na-eji ike nke osimiri. Nke a na-achọ ndị na-ewu nke ọdọ na CHP.

The ụkọ mmiri dị ọcha

Na-adịghị mma oge nke ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ CHP - ikuku na mmiri, mmetọ na akpa ebe. Kwa afọ, ume mgbagwoju ụlọ ọrụ na-eji ihe karịrị iri atọ ijeri cubic mita nke mmiri dị ọcha. Na-ewu ọdọ na osimiri idei mmiri emee n'akụkụ ala, na mgbe ụfọdụ ụlọ ndị mmadụ. Dams na ndị ọzọ na hydro ichegbu eke osimiri ugbu a, nke utịp ke shallowing nke osimiri na ala larịị mgbanwe. The pụtara mgbanwe ndị a - waterlogging na nnu ijupụta n'ala nke Ona, nke na-ekwesighi ka ọrụ ugbo. Decomposition nke ahịhịa, submerged na-ewu ọdọ, na-eduga ná ọjọọ mgbanwe mmiri fauna na osisi. The ike enwetara site na ike ebe dị ike tobaim, chụpụrụ site uzuoku si ọcha kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ mmiri. Iyuzucha uzuoku na-mma nọgidere na atara n'ime waterways. Iyi nke mmiri ọkụ na-etolite a thermal mmetọ isi mmalite na CHP.

N'ókè nke okpomọkụ zones na osimiri na-tụrụ site na ọtụtụ iri puku kwuru iri kilomita "chanwụrụ" na nkịtị ma n'ụzọ ihe atụ uche ziri ezi nke osimiri ahụ. Na-agbanwe agbanwe nkịtị Njirimara nke mmiri na osimiri na ọdọ-akpata a mgbanwe ke chemical mejuputara, wee - ndu n'ibu. Enwe gburugburu. CHP - na-akpata ya.

ikuku ndu

Ikuku ndu CHP - nsogbu ọbụna karị. Na okwu nke emission nke na-emerụ bekee n'ime ikuku nke kwes ike ụlọ ọrụ na-eduga ọnọdụ. Ọ fọrọ nke nta pasent iri atọ nke ngụkọta anwuru niile dị iche iche ọrụ. Ma ọ bụ ihe karịrị nde isii tọn ájá, na-emerụ carbon ogige, nitrogen, sọlfọ, vanadium, na fọrọ nke nta niile nke oge table nke ọcha. Acidification nke ala site na acid mmiri ozuzo - bụ a N'ihi ya nke usoro a, dị ka ikuku ndu site na sọlfọ dioxide gas CHP. Ìgwè a nnukwu ego nke carbon dioxide na ikuku na-eduga onye na-abawanye na ikuku okpomọkụ na ụwa, ya nkezi kwa afọ a na-akpọ griin haus mmetụta. Bad gburugburu CHP na-eme mkpọchi ke ala ikuku aerosol na ya na-emerụ ahụ na organic ájá. Nke a na onu na-akpọ "photochemical foogu" mgbe n'okpuru ìhè ifufe, ike radieshon nke anyanwụ na ụba ịta nke photo-oxidants na ikuku kokwasịrị n'elu obodo nwere ike. Ọ bụrụ na a gwọghị ya, ọ na-eduga ná mbibi nke ozone Layer nke Earth. Kwa afọ na pasent Allergy mgbanwe ogo. Ikuku ndu TPP nnọọ ize ndụ maka ahụ ike na ndụ nke bi n'obodo ukwu bi. Karịsịa pernicious bụ maka akụkụ okuku ume na obi usoro.

ash n'efu

N'ọdịnihu dị nso dịkwuo arụpụtaghị ihe nke ike ụlọ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ dịkwuo ego nke combustion nke siri ike fuels. Ya mere, na ịrị elu na-carcinogenic mkpofu nsogbu nke ya combustion na slag warehousing. Ònye esichara naanị asatọ pasent nke niile ash n'efu. free ala mpe amanye igbunye a technical ebe utilities ebe, n'akụkụ aka residential ụlọ nke obodo ma dịkwuo elu nke zolootvalnyh obo. Ikuku ndu CHP a na ọnọdụ e nwere a karịsịa nnukwu, t. K. Zoloothodov ifufe ozize na-akpata mmetọ nke nnukwu ebe. Ulo oru na agriculture bụ adịghị njikere maka nhazi slag. Anyị kwesịrị na nkà mmụta sayensị na injinịa nmepe na ndị a okwu. Iji dozie nsogbu ndị a bụ ihe ngwa ngwa mkpa.

wastewater nsogbu

Na nnukwu obodo na thermal ike osisi nwere nkọ ma interconnected nsogbu: pipelines CHP na CHP n'efu mmiri. The piping usoro a kara nká na mkpa isi di ike. Emergency pipeline egwu mmetọ na ọxịdashọn nke ala, ala larịị ịrị elu, mmiri mmetọ dị nso mmiri ozu. All a gụnyere ọ bụla n'afọ arịa ọrịa na àgwà nke mmiri ọṅụṅụ. Wastewater a mụụrụ site ụzọ dị iche iche na ọtụtụ nkebi, ya, n'aka nke ya, na-achọ ike na-eduga ná guzobe nke abụọ n'efu ka a na mkpofu. Ọgwụgwọ nke ulo oru mkpofu mmiri - ọzọ na-eri oge na ume-kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ usoro. Industrial n'efu mmiri, nke nwere ike ghara kpochara niile, ọkụ ma ọ bụ pumped n'ime miri akọwa. Na ya na-adọta a otutu nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi.

ikwu okwu

Environmental nchekwa, nchekwa umu adabara ndụ na gburugburu ebe obibi na-arụ ala na ọha òtù. Otu ihe dị mkpa nke ọrụ ha - ụkpụrụ nke àgwà na-egosi na nlekota ha, mmejuputa iwu. Regulatory akwụkwọ guzosie ime ókè mmetụta na gburugburu ebe obibi. Enyocha ihe anụ ahụ, chemical, ndu na ndị ọzọ na àgwà egosi. N'ihi na ọrụ nke ọdịdị na-ejedebeghị site ime ókè mmịpụta nke eke ego, ụkpụrụ nke anụ ahụ (mkpọtụ, vibration, ionization, na ndị ọzọ.) The mmetụta na gburugburu ebe obibi, ụkpụrụ nke wastewater discharges, norms nke na-emerụ anwuru n'ime ikuku na omume ndị ọzọ na-ewere n'ime akaụntụ kpọmkwem e ji mara onye nke ọ bụla ókèala.

The precautionary ụkpụrụ

Iji oghom mmetụta site ọrụ nke TPP iwelata mmepe nke gburugburu ebe obibi-echebe jikoro ga-rụrụ ọnụ na atụmatụ, mmepe na mmejuputa ọhụrụ ahịa oru ngo. Karịsịa ya gbasara ebe n'akụkụ na-echebe na-echebe ebe, ebe pụrụ iche ụkpụrụ ide. Mebiri nke ha pụta na mpụ ibu. Site ụlọ ala ụlọ ọrụ ga-iche ịdị ọcha, na-elekọtakwa zones. Dị otú ahụ zones na-eji maka mgbochi ma belata ọjọọ ihe nke ulo oru ụlọ ọrụ. The size nke ndị dị otú zones guzosie ike site na mba ụkpụrụ dabeere na-atụ anya na-ezighị ezi omume mgbe kwesịrị ekwesị na gburugburu ebe obibi mmetụta ntule nke eke ihe.

Ekwe Omume ụzọ dozie ike nsogbu

The mkpa iji belata-ezighị ezi mmetụta nke ike na gburugburu ebe obibi karịa mgbe na-akpọlite ndị nke nke ike ego. N'ụzọ bụ isi n'ihi na Mbelata ike ike nke ulo oru na usoro. Iji mezuo nke a, n'oge a na nmepe mkpa iji gaa na akaụntụ ndị na-esonụ isi:

• ike na-azọpụta ke ufọk;
• obibia ike ọgbọ ụlọ ọrụ n'ji na-ebelata-akwụ ụgwọ site na ịba ụba arụmọrụ nke manu-eji, mgbe mbenata ihe ize ndụ nke ofufe nke okpomọkụ;
• mma nke anụ ahụ na nke chemical ụzọ nke nkwadebe nke manu iji laa ya a mma ma energetically mma mmanụ ụgbọala;
• modernization combustion ụdịdị;
• mma na mmepe nke elu-arụmọrụ na mmiri ọgwụ ụlọ ọrụ.

Ọzọ ume na isi mmalite

Environmental na ụba na ihe metụtara ike, na-amanye na-ekwurịta banyere iji nke ọzọ ume na isi mmalite :

• kpọmkwem ma ọ bụ anọ ojiji nke anyanwụ ike (photovoltaic ikpokọta, inweta mmanụ ụgbọala nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu - hydrogen site na mmiri, wdg);
• iji na mmepe nke ifufe turbines na ebe na ufiop ifufe;

• ojiji nke mmiri osimiri ume ebbs na aga, mgbanwe okpomọkụ na dị iche iche ogbu na oké osimiri nile.

Larịị nke oge a na mmepe bụ nchekwube amụma na nke nke ike na usoro nke aku na uba, na usoro nke gburugburu. Mmetụta na gburugburu ebe obibi na-zuru ụwa ọnụ na ọdịdị na-achọ otu ihe ngwọta.