Mmiri ọgwụ TSH: n'ahụ uru

The hormone TSH (thyroid-akpali akpali hormone, thyroid-akpali akpali hormone) akpali mmepe na ọrụ nke thyroid gland. The umi mbụ kewapụrụ ndị pituitary wepụ. TSH bụ a glycoprotein na a molekụla arọ nke si 23,000 ka 32,000 daltons bụ ngwa ngwa soluble n'ime mmiri, na-inactivated site pepsin, trypsin na chymotrypsin. TSH hormone mejupụtara α- na β-subunits. α-subunit nwere otu Ọdịdị bụ bụghị naanị iche iche hormone (lutropin na thyrotropin) na homonụ na dị iche iche umu anumanu. Ha si dị iche na onye ọ bụla ọzọ na na Ọdịdị nke ahụ carbohydrate moieties. The kpọmkwem ndu ọrụ kpebisiri ike site Njirimara nke hormone β-subunit. Otú ọ dị, ọrụ a na-kpebisie ike na mgbe nkịtị nke α- na β-subunits.

Na-abawanye na-atụnye ụkpụrụ nke ọbara kasịnụ nke thyroid homonụ thyrotropin njikọ ọjọọ nzaghachi: na hypothalamus tireolibirina njikọ mbelata na hypophysis - melanotropin, thyroid - thyroxine.

The hormone TSH akpali na mmepe nke epithelial thyroid follicles na activates ọrụ nke organelles na na-aka na biosynthesis nke ya homonụ. The usoro nke ya edinam mejupụtara ọtụtụ nkebi: mbụ, hormone TSH activates Camp guzobere, ọ bụ, n'aka nke ya, thyroglobulin biosynthesis. Thyrotropin akwalite "weghara" ayodiin follicle mkpụrụ ndụ na kewara n'ime onye thyroglobulin homonụ na protein fọduru.

The hormone akpali absorption nke oxygen site mkpụrụ ndụ nke thyroid gland na enwekwu ha permeability ka monosaccharides, amino asịd na ndị ọzọ na ndu ogige.

Na ọrịa nke ihu pituitary TSH belata njikọ, nke ekemende eduga mgbochi nke biosynthesis nke thyroid homonụ. Nke a nwere ike ịkpalite mmepe nke ọrịa ndị dị ka goiter na myxedema.

Morphological na ọtọ akụkụ nke thyroid gland bụ epithelial sel follicles, nke jupụtara na a viscous odo mmiri mmiri - colloid. The Biochemical mejupụtara ya na-anọchi anya tumadi protein - thyroglobulin. Ọ bụ nke glycoprotein na a molekụla arọ nke 660.000 Daltons. Ọ na-agụnye thyronine, n'ihi odide abụọ tyrosine ụmụ irighiri (amino acid). Thyronine bụ isi ihe na-ewu nke iodinated thyroid homonụ - thyroxine (T4 tetraiodothyronine) na triiodothyronine (T3), nke na-synthesized na follicles gland.

N'ime ọbara nke ndị a homonụ eke agbụ na plasma-edozi na-ekesa na ahu. N'elu kọntaktị na lekwasịrị mkpụrụ ndụ gbarie na-edozi na homonụ na-ekenyela na intercellular ọmụmụ. Kasị nke homonụ na cell na-lekwasị ke hyaloplasm, obere - na mitochondria na ribosomes.

Low TSH hormone, n'ime ọbara nke a na-eto eto organism nwere ike ime ka cretinism, na ndị ogbenye ahụ proportionality. Okenye - na e nwere myxedema. Nke a na-emepụta ọzịza, mmiri nọgidere na nsụkọrọ mbelata basal metabolism, n'ozuzu adịghị ike emee, n'oké ibu oké ibu na nká. Ọ bụrụ na hypothyroidism na-adị mgbe a enweghị ayodiin na ihe oriri na mmiri, na-emepe emepe jupụtara ejupụta goiter, na thyroid gland na-abawanye na size.

Mgbe thyroid hyperfunction emee ili 'ọrịa (na-egbu egbu asị ibe goiter). Ihe mere nwere ike dị iche iche: ala ala igbu egbu, na-efe efe, wdg N'okpuru nduzi nke homonụ enwekwu permeability nke cell membranes, karịsịa mitochondria. Na nke a, na-emebi ihe niile iche iche nke metabolism, na-amalite intoksikoz.

N'ọnọdụ ebe hormone TSH na-elu, ọgwụgwọ a ga-rụrụ na oge. Na ọgwụgwọ nke a daa ọrịa kenyere mmiri ọgwụ ọgwụ eji ayodiin preparations.