Na-ede uri Apollon Maikov: biography, creativity

Maikov Apollon Nikolaevich - ama Russian na-ede uri. Ọ dịrị ndụ na narị afọ nke 19 (1821-1897). The nkà nketa nke a na-ede uri bụ nke mmasị na anyị oge na-ekwu okwu nke ya undoubted talent.

Mmalite A. N. Maykova

Ọ ga-kwuru na Apollon Maykov bụghị naanị a na nkà nnọchiteanya nke ezinụlọ ya. Ancient ezinụlọ na-ede uri bụ ọgaranya na nkà ndị mmadụ. Na narị afọ nke 15 biri a ma ama Russian ọkà mmụta okpukpe Nil Sorsky, na n'ọbubu-eze nke Catherine na-arụ ọrụ na-ede uri Vasily Maikov.

Nna anyị dike bụ academician nke sere. Ndị ọzọ so ya na ezinụlọ ya na-bụ ndị ụbụrụ na-aghọ. Nne - a sụgharịrị na-ede uri, Valerian nwanne - onye edemede na-ede akwụkwọ nkatọ, na Leonid, nwanne ọzọ Apollo - nkwusa na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme.

Nwata na-eto eto, ihe mbụ n'akwụkwọ nke poems

Nwata Apollo Nikolaevich nọrọ na ala na ụlọ, nke diri nna-ya. Ọ dị nso Atọ n'Ime Otu-Sergius Lavra. Maikova ezinụlọ 1834 kwagara St. Petersburg. Apollo dị ka a na nwa masịrị ma akwụkwọ na eserese. Otú ọ dị, obere-sightedness gbochiri ya na ịgbaso nzọụkwụ nke nna ya. Ke akpa nwere prose Maikova-egosipụta mmetụta Gogol. Mgbe ahụ, m bịara nwee mmasị na uri Apollon Maikov. Ya biography nke oge a na-akara ọzụzụ St. Petersburg University, Faculty of Iwu. Mgbe ha gụsịrị akwụkwọ, Apollon Nikolaevich bipụtara akwụkwọ mbụ nke ya uri. Nke a dị mkpa ihe mere na 1842.

Njem ná mba ọzọ, ọhụrụ poems

N'otu afọ, Apollon Maykov wee jee mba ọzọ. N'ebe a, o nọrọ afọ abụọ. Mike ntị na Paris na nkuzi site ma ama ọkà mmụta sayensị. Mgbe na Rom, o wee akụkụ ke aṅụrụma Russian nka, dere, sị uri, mere osise, je-inyinya n'elu Roman Valley. N'ihi nwetara bụ na uri okirikiri nke amụta Maikova "osise nke Rome" (bipụtara na 1847). Ọ bụ mgbe o bi na Italy, na-ede uri ọrụ bụ a mbụ hapụrụ. Apollon Maykov hap anthological uri na malitere na-achọ a na-akpọ abụ uri, echiche na mmetụta. Maikova kwụsịrị mmasị ochie. O kpebiri na-atụgharị na ugbu a. N'ihi ya, e nwere ndị osise nke bi Rome (Lorenzo, "Capuchin", "The arịrịọ").

Homecoming

Alaghachi n'ala nna ya, ndị na-ede uri malitere ịrụ ọrụ na Rumyantsev Museum na ọnọdụ nke nnyemaaka oba. Na nkera nke abụọ nke 1840s na okwu nke ya nkwurịta okwu gụnyere Nekrasov, Grigorovich, Turgenev, Belinsky. Apollon Maykov nwetara mgbe mmetụta nke eke akwụkwọ. N'ihi ya, ọtụtụ bipụtara na "Notes nke nna". The "Petersburg Collection" Nekrasov bipụtara ya uri "Masha" na 1846. A obere tupu ya e kere ọzọ uri, "Abụọ akara aka", nke na-agwa akụkọ nke "n'ekpere" ụmụ mmadụ.

Communication na Petrashevists na-edekwa "Moskvityanin"

Apollo Nikolaevich na afọ ndị ahụ bụ ideologically nso Westernism. Ọ ẹkesịn idem ke ije Petrashevists site nwanne ya Valerian. N'oge na-adịghị, Otú ọ dị, ọ malitere emegbu ha mgbe nile na-akatọ ọchịchị. Mike hụrụ utopianism Petrashevists na-efegharị, "a ọtụtụ ịchọ ọdịmma onwe," "a ọtụtụ ihe efu" na "a obere ịhụnanya."

Bụ na nsogbu Apollo Nikolaevich bụ nchịkọta akụkọ "Moskvityanin". N'ebe a, o na mberede hụrụ bụghị nanị na-ekere òkè, ma na-akwado echiche ha. Mike agọ ụkpụrụ nke mmepeanya nke Western Europe. The echiche wee site ya dum collection of "1854", nke ihe kwekọrọ nnọọ worldview Maikov mgbe. Ọzọ cross-ọnwụ isiokwu nke akwụkwọ bụ akụkọ ihe mere eme ozi nke Russian ala, nke na-egbochi ụzọ West ìgwè ndị Batu na otú igbochi ọnwụ European mmepeanya ( "Claremont Cathedral" na ndị ọzọ.). Mgbe ahụ Mike ghọrọ ezigbo onye monarchist. O kweere na ịdị ukwuu nke Nicholas I.

creativity 1850

Dị ka ọ na-eme na ezi na-ede uri, creativity Maikova 1850 ukwuu wider ideological kwuru. O kere ọrụ na a na-elekọta mmadụ isiokwu (idyll "Fool" usoro "Everyday Ndikere"), poems idelogizirovannogo na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị uwa. N'otu oge Mike dere uri na iso ndị anthological na aesthetic ụkpụrụ nke ya uri nke mmalite nke oge. Ọ bụ banyere ndị a cycles, dị ka "Cameos" na "Fantasia." Ná ngwụsị nke 1850. e nwere ndị cycles nke "House," "Na anụ", "Rain", "Spring", "haymaking". Na ndị a ọrụ ndị anyị nwere ike ka na-eche na mbụ harmonic Maikova echiche na okike. Ugbu a, Otú ọ dị, ọ na-egosipụta onwe na Russian obodo odida obodo osise.

"Mgbụsị akwụkwọ"

Na 1856 o kere otu n'ime ndị kasị ama poems Apollon Maikov. "Mgbụsị akwụkwọ" - dị ka ọ na-akpọ ya. Na-ede uri site na mmalite afọ bụ ụtọ nke ịchụ nta, ma ọ bụ mgbe a chọpụtara na m na-eche na ihe ndị ọzọ fun ya na-anapụta ndị na mbụ ije n'ọhịa enweghị hounds na egbe. Ọ n'ezie n'anya ụkwụ raking epupụta, ịnụ crackle nke Alaka ... Otú ọ dị, oké ọhịa na mgbụsị akwụkwọ na-efunahụ nke ihe omimi na omimi dị ka "svyanul ikpeazụ ifuru", "derailed ikpeazụ nut." Na ụwa a na-enye nwa ahụ na-ede uri na mbụ amaghị mmetụta ...

Marine njem

Italian isiokwu pụtaghachi na ọrụ nke N. Apollo na 1859. Nke a bụ n'ihi na eziokwu na ọ na, tinyere ndị ọzọ na-eme nnyocha mere a naval njem, na-eleta àgwàetiti Gris nke akipelago. The ụgbọ mmiri na ụgbọ mmiri, ọ bụghị esi na Greece. Ọ na-anọ na Naples. N'ihi ya, kama otu okirikiri ka turu ime Maikov Apollon Nikolaevich, m nwetara abụọ. "Neapolitan album" e kere site Italian amụta. Ọ bụ ụdị nke akwụkwọ n'amaokwu, isiokwu nke nke - ndụ nke ndị mmadụ nke Naples. Dị ka a N'ihi nke na-amụ akụkọ ihe mere eme na ọdịbendị nke Greece bụ "Modern Greek Song" ( "ilo bugara," "Lullaby" na ndị ọzọ.).

Otu nke ya kasị ama poems bụ "Lullaby ...". Apollon Maykov kere utom emi ke 1860. Ihe karịrị 20-arọ na oge ya dere music ya. Otu n'ime ha Chesnokov, A. Arensky, V. Rebikov, P. Tchaikovsky.

The ikpeazụ nke ndụ ya

Ke akpatre isua 25 nke ndụ ya Maikova mmasị na ndu ebighi ajụjụ nke ndụ. Ọ na-eche banyere mmepe nke mepere anya. Otu ihe dị mkpa ebe echiche Maikova n'oge a na-arụ, na akara aka nke mba anyị, ya gara aga na n'oge a, ya ọrụ na ihe mere eme. Na 1880, Apollo Nikolaevich kekwara a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke poems, ji a miri emi religiosity na echiche na okpukpe umeala n'obi - a akụkụ pụrụ iche nke ndị Russia ( "ebighi-ebi n'abalị na-abịa ...." "Nkume, ahapụ! ..", wdg).

Ná mmechi

Merezhkovsky n'akwụkwọ ya "Ebighị Ebi Ibe" dere Mike Apollo - na-ede uri, onye na ụzọ ndụ bụ ìhè na-eji ire ụtọ. Ma mkpagbu ma ọ bụ iro, ma ọ bụ agụụ mmekọahụ, ma ọ bụ na-alụ abụghị ya. E nwere poems, akwụkwọ, njem, ezinụlọ ọṅụ, ebube. N'ezie, ya biography bụ malopoetichna: ọ nwụrụ n'elu scaffold, ma ọ bụ a duel, e achụ, ọ na-adịghị na-emekpa agụụ mmekọahụ. Apollo Maikov ihe niile mpụga arahụ n'ime. Ya n'ezie biography, ezi aka bụ ụzọ ya n'aka ndị Rom ma ndị Grik na Russian eziokwu, ọ bụ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ndị dị iche, Bible na-abụ uri na ndu ebighi ajụjụ nke ịdị adị.