N'ala ala ebe na Earth - Mariana trenchi

Aha ya bụ kasị ebe ụwa bụ n'ihi na Mariana Islands, nke na-emi odude dị nso. Nke a miri oké osimiri trough, emi odude ke na Pacific Ocean, n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. N'ala ala ebe on Earth esịmde 10911 mita, ogologo ya bụ banyere 2500 kilomita, na obosara - kilomita 80. Mkpọda ya nkpoda n'akuku nke nchepụta ana nkezi nke banyere 8 degrees. The ala na-ekewa n'ime ọtụtụ ngalaba nke rapids. -Akpali mmasị, na nsogbu na a omimi nke banyere iri na otu kilomita ruo 109 megapascals, na ihe karịrị 1.090 ugboro nkịtị ikuku nsogbu.

The mbụ anwa anwa inyocha ihe nke ọma n'ụwa, bụ British na-eme nnyocha. English-oceanographers, ọkà mmụta sayensị rụrụ ọrụ ha na a converted atọ masted corvette agha "Challenger" na 1875. The warship ghọọ a gara research arịa bụ maka ndu, Meteorological na hydrological ọrụ. Mgbe oké osimiri omimi nke ịda mbà n'obi na-akọwa site na a miri-mmiri ọtụtụ na 8367 mita. Otú ọ dị, nke mbụ ọzọ ozi ziri ezi banyere ịdị omimi nke Mariana trenchi mere ka naanị na 1951. Dị ka hà na-emepụta ihe nke ọma n'ụwa hà 10.863 mita e mara ọkwa. Mgbe ahụ, Mariana trenchi bịara mara dị ka "Challenger Deep". Kwesịrị ịchọpụta Mariana trenchi, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị nke Soviet Union. Anyị oceanographers, na-eme nnyocha na 1957 mụụrụ a na-amụ Mariana trenchi. N'ihi ịtụ nke kacha trough omimi ra ka 11 022 mita. Ke adianade do, n'oge a njem ike ịdị adị nke ndụ na ogbu nke karịa asaa kilomita. Ewe gbaghara ndị adị n'oge echiche na ndụ na oké osimiri na a omimi nke 6-7 kilomita agaghị ekwe omume. Ọ ada otu njem mgbe Aleksey Dmitrievich Dobrovolsky, ama Soviet oceanographer. Ọ bụ ya nke atọ njem na "Vityaz" dị ka ya onye ndú. Na 1992, "The Knight" e nyefere n'elu ka e guzobere ọhụrụ Museum nke World Ocean. Fọrọ nke nta afọ abụọ dịrị arịa rụziri na mmepụta, na July 1994 ya weputa adọba ụgbọala na otutu na Maritime Museum nke obodo nke Kaliningrad.

N'ala ala n'ụwa mbụ na ụwa na-ahụ Don Walsh, a US Navy mara na Zhak Pikar, ama Explorer, oceanographer si Switzerland, January 23, 1960. Ha na-mikpuru n'ime ihe armored bathyscaphe "Trieste". Dị ka ihe àmà nke ngwaọrụ arụnyere na osisi, Walsh na Piccard rịdata ka larịị nke 10 917 mita. nke amaba oge ahụ bụ ihe dị awa ise, na ịrị elu - banyere awa atọ, oge nọrọ na na na ala nke testers, dịrị naanị 12 nkeji. Otú ọ dị, nke a obere oge, ọ bụ iji mee ka a na-akpali akpali na nkà mmụta sayensị chọpụtara: ha hụrụ yiri plaice ewepụghị azụ nke banyere 30 sentimita.

A ma ama Canadian director na screenwriter Dzheyms Kemeron na March 2012, ọhụrụ otu-seater submersibles ruru ala nke trough na Mariinsky ghọrọ otú nke atọ mmadụ n'ụwa, ọ na-na na ala nke na-Mariinsky ịda mbà n'obi na ndị mbụ na-eme ya naanị. Rịdata n'abis karịa abụọ na ọkara awa, nọrọ n'ebe ahụ ruo awa atọ, na n'elu oké osimiri nanị ihe karịrị otu awa - 70 nkeji.

Japanese ọkà mmụta sayensị, oceanographers chọpụtara na 2005 na Mariana trenchi iri na atọ na umu-amabughị na mbụ ka sayensị unicellular. Modern miri-mmiri ngwaọrụ na-abụghị nanị ofu na ndị kasị ibu n'ụwa omimi nke ije nke ozu, amaghị sayensị nke mmiri ụmụ anụmanụ.

Mgbe e mesịrị, n'ebe dị anya n'elu oké osimiri na-ala nke uji eze bụ mgbe niile kpọmkwem. Ọ na-atụle ihe ndị kasị ezi nyocha ekenịmde ke 1997 site Japanese ọkà mmụta sayensị. Ha gosiri na omimi nke Mariana trenchi - 10 911.4 mita.