Narva Mmeri Njiko (St. Petersburg): ihe mere eme, nkọwa

The ukwuu nke ndị mmadụ mgbe niile hụrụ a nzaghachi na ụkpụrụ ụlọ owuwu - pụrụ iche na unrepeatable. Na otu n'onwe ekele ndị agha-mmeri nke ụmụ na Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya nke 1812 malitere Narva Mmeri Njiko, wuru maka nloghachi nke meriri ndị agha France.

Nke a dị ebube ncheta na anwugh anwu ebube nke Russian Nche, na ya creators ga-atụle n'isiokwu na-esonụ.

Narva Mmeri Njiko na St. Petersburg: History

The echiche nke na-eke a ncheta pụtara April 14, 1814, mgbe ya na ya laghachi si Paris Russian dike. Nke a na ozi a na-etinye njedebe nke mmeri ọgwụgwụ nke agha Napoleon. The obodo dị njikere solemnly usọrọ mmeri, na na ụzọ nke General SK Vyazmitinova ngwa ngwa ikpokota a nzukọ nke Sineti mwube arched ụzọ ámá na ụzọ nke St. Petersburg ga-abịarute Nche agha na-ikike.

Chepụta a mmeri njiko were atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ Stasov V. P. - academician nke ije nke Imperial Academy nke Arts. Ma dị ka n'oge na-adịghị, anyị kpebiri gbanwee ụzọ ọnụ ụzọ ámá na ndị Kalinkin Bridge, iwughachi ha na ihe ndozi na sculptural mma. Nwughari e nyere D. Quarenghi - amamiihe Italian-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ bụ ndị nwere obi ike na-enupụ isi eze Italy, na-anọ na Russia maka ya siri ike agha oge.

Dị ka oru ngo na nanị otu ọnwa nke osisi na nke alabasta, e wuru Narva Mmeri Njiko. The-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ kere ha na a dịgasị njiko, kpuwere site ụgbọ ịnyịnya nke Ebube on top, na-efe efe na isii ịnyịnya na nwegasịrị sculptural tụrụ. All na songs na-kere site nkà Russian ọkpụ Terebenevym I. I.

arches pylons kama nke aha ndị niile na-agha na-eche ha nche regiments, na a sara mbara Attica mma ekele e dere na Latin na Russian. On abụọ nke njiko e wuru ẹkesinamde anọchi. N'ihi na alaeze ukwu ezinụlọ wuru a pụrụ iche gallery.

N'abụ agha obodo

Site July 30, 1814 na wuo ụlọ ahụ. Narva Mmeri Njiko kelee ndị mmeri. N'ụbọchị a, n'okpuru njiko nke mmeri gafere-eche ha nche bipu nnwogha ahụ, Izmailovsky, Semenov na Jaeger ndi agha.
September 6 obodo zutere Finland na Pavlovsky Life-eche ha nche regiments, 18 October bịara Ịnyịnya-eche ha nche, na on October 25 - Cossack ndi agha.

ámá ọhụrụ

Mgbe 10 afọ nke owuwu otú ahụ dilapidated, e kpebiri ibibi ya, ihe mere ndị kwesịrị ekwesị mkpebi. Genaral Governor Miloradovich MA nke nwetara kasị elu mkpebi maka owuwu nke a marble mmeri njiko, "iji dịgide ebe nchekwa nke ekele." New Narva Mmeri Njiko e zubere ike a obere anya si akwa (n'elu osimiri. Tarakanovka on Peterhof Road). The Construction Committee n'okpuru idu ndú nke President Miloradovich banyere Academy nke Arts Olenin A. N., onye chọrọ ka isi ebumnobi arches Kvarengi n'ọdịnihu ewu. Ọkpụ Narva Mmeri Gates Stasov soro ndụmọdụ, gụnyere na draft aro Venison, naanị dịkwuo size nke ncheta, na-agbanwe agbanwe ihe ndozi ọcha.

Construction mmalite ụbọchị - August 5, 1827 On a ụbọchị, malitere ogwugwu onu nke ngwaọrụ n'okpuru ntọala nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu n'ọnụ ụzọ ámá. On August 26, na ncheta nke Agha nke Borodino wee ebe ncheta mmeri tab. Gara ememe fọrọ nke nta 9000 lagoro ezumike nka.

The ememe nke na-ebikwasị ụzọ ámá

Malite nke ewu ji a gaa ezinụlọ eze. Eleven Nkume ndị tọrọ na kanyere eze aha na aha ndị atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ, gold ego, Nche enọ na na-echeta ihe e dere ede. Ememe biri na a ukwu Maachi nche.

nkebi nke ihe owuwu

N'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1827, na olulu 1000 na gbatara ikpo, onye ọ bụla nke ogologo ukwuu karịa 8 m, na dayameta - 0,5 m etiti oge n'etiti ikpo jupụtara nkume slabs tukwasi n'elu atọ n'ígwé: 0,5 m. Granite, 1, Tosnensky 5 m na 0,5 m mbadamba konkiri. Emechara n'okpuru ala na-eche maka n'ihu nke na-arụ ọrụ ruo afọ atọ n'ihi na nke a ojuju na ihe onwunwe nke ọnụ ụzọ ámá, na-wuru.

Na 1830 anyị bịara mkpebi na-ewu a Ọdịdị mere brik na a ọla kọpa cladding, na August na-ewu iso. N'otu oge ahụ biri na demolition nke ochie ncheta, wuru site atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ Quarenghi.

Na e kere eke nke na ncheta na-n'ọrụ 2600 ndị mmadụ, ọkara nde brik ndị tọrọ. Ebe ọ bụ na 1831, na Alexander foundry ọ malitere n'ichepụta ọla kọpa cladding Ibé akwụkwọ, onye ọkpụrụkpụ bụ 5 mm. Na otu osisi niile ọkpụkpụ na ihe enyemaka ndị e dere e mere.

Narva Mmeri Njiko wuru ngwa ngwa. Ná mmalite n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ, brick ọrụ e dechara. Mere na January 1832 na ọkụ na ọkụ niile echebe plank owuwu n'elu njiko na itieutom, budata slowed ijeụkwụ nke ewu, ma ọ dị mma ka nkụ masonry. Site opupu ihe ubi nke afọ ahụ, ihe niile ndị na-esi ọkụ e tutu amama, na ọrụ na maliteghachiri, na September 26, 1833 na-ewu e dechara.

parameters ncheta

Nhọrọ otu ịnụ ọkụ n'obi kwuo okwu nke dị ka erection nke ncheta, ya ụkpụrụ ụlọ mma na lightness. Ncheta akụkụ bụ nnọọ nnukwu: ụzọ elu bụ 23 m, na gụnyere Victory ọkpụkpụ - 30 m Elu uko arches - 15 m, na njiko obosara bụ 8 m Ọdịdị Obosara - 28 m Ncheta mma 12 ogidi nke 10 mita elu, na dayameta nke ọ bụla -... fọrọ nke nta ka 1 m.

Onye ọ bụla pylon owuwu bụ nnọọ nnukwu size n'ime ime, esịnede 3 ala na a na okpuru ulo, ejikọrọ na a gburugburu steepụ.
Taa Narva Mmeri Njiko - Museum nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ha e kere eke, dị na ebe ndị a.

Ọkpụkpụ na mma

Ịma mma na nghọta nke ncheta, n'agbanyeghị ya monumentality, ịtụnanya. Njiko okpu sculptural ensemble jupụtara kasị nkà nka nke oge ya: isii inyinya - Klodtom P. K., ọnụ ọgụgụ nke Victory - S. Pimenov, chariot - Demuth-Malinovsky VI sculptural otu na-anọchi anya ìhè n'ụgbọala, nke ejisie chi nwanyị mmeri Nike na a palm alaka na laurel wreath n'aka ya, na-anọchi anya na ebube nke ụwa.

Niches pylons mma na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke oge ochie dike, dike nke uwe, rụrụ authentic n'omume. The ihu n'ọnụ ụzọ ámá dị nku nwanyi ọgụgụ - onye nke ebube, mmeri na udo. Nadigh anwu anwu aha ndị eche ha nche regiments - sonyere na agha na-alụ Agha nke 1812. Na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ facade na ọlaedo akwụkwọ ozi na aha ewepụtara agha formations, na n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ - bipu. Na nsọtụ nke pediment bụ isi agha.

N'imesi ike isi ncheta ebe gburugburu ya nwayọọ nwayọọ mbelata. Ya mere, a kasị ọnọdụ n'ọdịnihu ogide Narva Mmeri Njiko,-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ na ọkpụ bụ ndị chọrọ ka a kpọmkwem mmetụta.

Oghere nke ncheta

N'ụbọchị nke 21 nke ncheta nke Agha Kulmskoy, August 17, 1834, e nwere a ukwu oghere nke ncheta. N'okpuru njiko gaa niile eche ha nche regiments aha na-depụtara na n'ihu ọnụ ụzọ ámá.

Ọzọkwa Narva Mmeri Njiko were ndị mmeri na 1945. Ọ ghọrọ ihe nnọchianya nke mmeri na nnukwu ụkpụrụ ụlọ n'onwe, ncheta - a bi ebe nchekwa nke ịdị ukwuu nke Russia.