Nikolai Garin-Mikhailovsky: creativity na biography

Anwụ anwụ - nke a bụ ma eleghị anya ihe kasị mma definition nke uma nke ihe engineer na a dere. Garin-Mikhailovsky mgbe niile n'ụzọ zuru ezu ẹkenịm, na-ezo aka ihe ọ na-eme.

nwata

A mụrụ ya na 1852 n'ime a bara ọgaranya oké ozu ndị ezinụlọ. Nna - Georgiy Antonovich Mihaylovsky n'agha n'oge agha unan na ọdịda maka omeka agu. N'elu ya ezumike nká, o biri na Odessa. Ọkpara-ya Nicky nna mmiri chukwu bụ Nicholas I. nne ya Glafira Nikolaevna bụ a noblewoman nke Serbian malite. The nwata toro mara mma, obi ụtọ, ma nnọọ na; na nimble n'ugwu onwe ya.

Oge ọzọ o mebiri nna ya ntụziaka, nke huru n'anya nke uku, na n'echeghị echiche nna wee ájị. N'ọdịnihu dere Garin-Mikhailovsky mụọ na Richelieu akwụkwọ. Ọ niile ga-emesị kọwaa na abụọ n'akụkụ nke tetralogy: "Tema Nwata" na "schoolboys". Na fọrọ nke nta ka onye ọ bụla n'ime ndị a na-agụ akụkọ nwere a n'ezie prototype. Naanị iri afọ anọ dechara nke mbụ biographical akwụkwọ Garin-Mikhailovsky "Tema Childhood." O dere, sị na ọrụ ya na-agafe, ọ nwere ike kwuru, "ya n'ala", ebe ọ dị mkpa. Ma, ịgụ, na ị na-achọpụta.

na-eto eto

Mgbe ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Garin-Mikhailovsky kpebiri iji na-a ọkàiwu ma gaa mahadum. Ma a afọ mgbe e mesịrị a ahuhu na-eduga ná ya na Institute of Communications. Ọ bụ nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma n'ihi na ya onwe ya na n'ihi na ọha mmadụ. Mgbe e mesịrị, Garin-Mikhailovsky ga-a nkà engineer-eme. Ka ọ dịgodị, na Bessarabia-arụ ọrụ omuoru nwoke na-agbanyụ ọkụ. Ma mgbe o kwusịrị ya akwụkwọ, ọ na-akawanye direction na Bulgaria na mgbe atụ ke ewu nke Bandar Galician ụzọ. engineer prospector ọrụ nnọọ mmasị site na Nicholas G .. Ke adianade do, e nwere ndị a ezigbo ego. Ọzọkwa na 1879, ọ dị nnọọ obi ụtọ na-lụọ nwunye Nadezhda Valerevna Charykova (ha nwere iri na otu ụmụ na atọ nakweere). Agbamakwụkwọ na-ewe ebe Odessa, na mgbede na-azụ na-eto eto di na nwunye nwere iji wepụ na St. Petersburg. Ma-eji obi ụtọ na ụzụ ezinụlọ Michael mere tupu ọ na-ewe awa, na-eto eto mbubreyo maka ụgbọ okporo ígwè na-ahapụ nke ụtụtụ. Na otú banyere nke a bụ njakịrị na-achị ọchị! Na St. Petersburg, akwụkwọ akụkọ na-arụ ọrụ na-eje ozi na-adịghị amasị Mikhailovsky. Ya mere, ọ bụ obi ụtọ ka ịlaghachi na omume. Mee ụgbọ okporo ígwè ngalaba Batoum-Samtredia. The ọrụ dị nnọọ ize ndụ - ezo na ọhịa nke a òtù ndị na-apụnara mmadụ na agha na-arụ ọrụ. Mgbe ahụ, ọ na-agafere na ndinọ Baku boss òkè Transcaucasian ụgbọ okporo ígwè. Ná ngwụsị nke 1882, ịhụ nrụrụ aka,-iri-ngo, ọ resigns, ọ nnọọ ụtọ nke ọrụ nke engineer-prospector.

Gundurovka (1883-1886)

And Garin-Mikhailovsky aka ekedep onwunwe na Samara anāchi achi, ebe aku na uba na-aga ike, nke ga-enyere ịkpọlite zaa, chọrọ iji kpochapụ kulaks. populists echiche nwere ịbanye ya nsụhọ. Kama ugboro atọ abịa ya nso ala na ụlọ "red ọkpa". na nkume igwe nri e bibiri, thresher, na n'ikpeazụ, dum akuku. Ọ fọrọ nke nta dakwara na kpebiri ịlaghachi ọrụ nke ihe engineer. Na Gundurovke ọ nọrọ abụọ na ọkara afọ.

Engineering ọrụ

Na 1886 ọ laghachiri ya ọ hụrụ n'anya na-arụ ọrụ. Ọ mụụrụ nnyocha na ebe nke Urals "Ufa-Zlatoust". The ezinụlọ ndụ n'oge ahụ na Ufa. Ọ bụ mmalite nke ihe Trans-Siberia Railway. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye Economist, na n'ihi bụ nnukwu ịzọpụta - 60% nke ego maka onye ọ bụla mile. Ma nke a oru ngo nwere inwere site na agha. N'otu oge ahụ ọ gara n'ihu ọrụ odide, o dere banyere nke a n'akụkọ ihe mere eme edemede "nhọrọ". Mikhailovsky ẹkenam Stanyukovicha na isiakwụkwọ ndị mbụ nke nchụàjà "Tema Nwata", nke na nke ikpeazụ ya n'ụdị e bipụtara na 1892. Ke adianade do, mma akụkọ e bipụtara banyere obodo, nke nwekwara ihe ịga nke ọma. Ke 1893, o bipụtara ihe odide ahụ "Journey na Ọnwa." Ma mgbe obi na na na omume ọ bụ a ụgbọ okporo ígwè engineer.

bara uru ọrụ

Ọ nọ na ya mgbe niile. Ma, ọ bụ a ọrụ nke ịhụnanya. St. Michael ka njem dum Siberia, Samara n'ógbè, gaa Korea na Manchuria, ichoputa ekwe omume nke ụlọ n'ebe ahụ. Amụta banyere edemede "Na Korea, Manchuria na Liaodong Peninsula." M gara China, Japan, na mesịrị rute Hawaii via San Francisco. Ji ụgbọ okporo ígwè gafee niile na-ekwu na laghachi na London, enye ebịn na ụzọ Paris. Na 1902, o bipụtara ihe odide ahụ "Around Ụwa".

Famous ndị mmadụ

Ọ ghọrọ nnọọ ama nwoke na isi obodo, na dị ka a njem na dị ka onye edemede. N'ihi ya, a kpọrọ ya ka Nicholas II. O jere ije ji ihere laghachi na mgbagwoju anya. Ajụjụ jụrụ ya Emperor, ndị dị mfe ma na kwụ ọtọ, na-ekwu banyere ole na echiche nke na-arịọ.

edemede ndụ

Ọ rụọ ọrụ na a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke magazin. Ugbua e biri ebi na "Nwata Tema" na "Schoolboys" na "Mmụta". Arụ ọrụ na "engineering". Na mgbede nzukọ, "onye ozi nke ndụ," ọ nwụrụ na mberede. Ndị dị otú ahụ a nsogbu na ọ bụ ike iguzo obi. Ọ bụ afọ 54.

Gbarụọ November ụtụtụ Petersburg esonyere Garin-Mikhailovsky ikpeazụ njem Volkov na-eli ozu. Ego maka ezughị na-eli ozu. M nwere na-anakọta na ndenye aha.

n'akwụkwọ nke ndụ

Site na "Nwata Tema" malitere biography nke onye dere Garin. Nke a na utu aha, o weere na nnọchite nke nwa ya nwoke Harry. Ma ihe niile anyị na-akpọ ndị na-ede akwụkwọ nke Garin-Mikhailovsky. Kọwara ná mkpirikpi - a na-egbuke egbuke ma dị ọcha spring echeta nke nwata. Nnukwu mansion ná mpụga a nnukwu ndịda obodo na n'akụkụ "goro yad", nke enyefe ndị ogbenye, ebe unyi na ájá, na-emekarị ndị ogbenye serf ụmụaka egwuregwu na pranks, na-aga ya na nwata Tema - ihe ọ bụla dị ka ulo nna-ya ebe nwata Nikolai Mikhailovich. Nwata Tema Kartasheva obi ụtọ, ma ọlị cloudless. Nna ya nghọtahie idiọk-ewute ndị siri nwa mkpụrụ obi. Ndị a obere Tema ahụhụ, egwu nke aka ike na iwu siri ike nna-azaghachi onye na-agụ mkpụrụ obi mgbu. A na-mwute na magburu mkpụrụ obi Tema nne hụrụ ya amaghị ihe ọ bụla n'echeghị echiche na impressionable nwa na dị ka ọ nwere ike, ọnọ ya si nna-ya ịzụ ụmụ usoro - adịghị eme ebere pịara. Agụ àmà ndị obi tara mmiri obi ọjọọ igbu na ụjọ na ihe jupụtara n'ime mkpụrụ obi nke ndị nne. The nwa amama n'ime a ndiọi-eto eto otu. Ọ napu ụmụ mmadụ ùgwù. Ịga nke Ọma na ọdịda nke ozizi ahụmahụ na mkpa na anyị oge, ha na-egosi Garin-Mikhailovsky ( "Tema Nwata"). Executive Summary - nke a bụ mmụọ nke mmadu, nsopuru maka nwa àgwà - ihe ndị bụ isi nke ọchịchị onye kwuo uche-akụziri. Dị Ịrịba Ama ọnwụ nke nna nwata enwezu ya na nwata, na ruo mgbe ebighị ebi na-echeta ya okwu ikpeazụ: "Ọ bụrụ na ị na mgbe aga megide eze, ikọcha unu si ili."

Na-ede nke tetralogy, na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ ọrụ ahụ bụ nwoke na guzosie ike kwuo uche nkwenkwe n'akụkụ Marxism. O jupụtara a ìhè na-akwadoghị akwado ndị mmadụ, na ezi ihe, na ndụ.