Nsure ugwu mgbawa na Kamchatka: nkọwa, akụkọ ihe mere eme, na-akpali eziokwu

Na Negeb, na Kamchatka Gorelinskom òkè bụ ifịk ugwu mgbawa nsure. Ọ bụ onye so na South-Kamchatsky ogige. Ya nke abụọ aha - o sure ugwu. Nke a pụrụ iche eke ncheta a dị 75 kilomita site Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.

akụkọ

Almost puku mmadụ iri anọ gara aga na saịtị nke ugbu ugwu mgbawa ọta ugwu mgbawa odude nnukwu size, nke a na-akpọ primordial ọkụ. Na dayameta nke ya isi karịa iri atọ kilomita. N'okpuru ya ibu na vertex akụkụ-emecha ama esịn, na kpụrụ a caldera 10 x 14 km. Ọ na-gosikwa site foduru nke oge ochie ugwu mgbawa, bụ obere nkume riiji.

Mgbawa iso site na ala nke caldera kpụrụ site a yinye craters. Ha na-yikwasịkwara on top nke ọ bụla ọzọ, na-eto eto nwayọọ nwayọọ merged cones. Nke a bụ otú a n'oge a n'usoro nke elongated, nke kpuchie slag, ájá na lava n'ígwé.

Mgbawa nọgidere ruo ọtụtụ afọ. Nso nso a, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị dere na 1986. Ash anwụrụ mgbe agbatị si edifọp Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky site Avacha Bay. Ọ bụ a nnọọ ihe ọhụrụ n'anya: onye si n'ala obodo agbatị ogidi anwụrụ ọkụ ojii.

Taa nsure ọkụ ugwu mgbawa (Kamchatka) nwere "ochie ụlọ", nke na-ekpuchi ebe ihe karịrị 650 kilomita. Ọ erukwa na mmiri nke osimiri Paratunka abụba Asacha ugwu mgbawa na ugwu mgbawa.

Description ugwu mgbawa

Nsure-arụsi ọrụ ike ugwu mgbawa, onye idi-elu-bụ 1829 mita, emi odude ke n'ebe ndịda nke dịịrị banye na mmiri. Ọ na-anọchi anya abụọ ụlọ: ochie ọta ekara, n'elu nke na-kpuwere trinadtsatikilometrovoy caldera, nakwa dị ka oge a, nke bụ a mgbagwoju stratovolcano.

Modern ụlọ, ebe nke 150 sq. km, emi odude ke center nke caldera. Ọ na tumadi ekewet nke lavas na balzatovogo andezitbalzatovogo ụdị. Ụlọ a yiri a ụdị Hawaiian volcanism Otú ọ dị, ya n'elu na-gosikwa site a yinye craters, na nkpọrube e nwere iri atọ cinder cones na sikwuo ike lava.

Ọdịdị nke ahụ n'usoro

Ridge ogologo banyere atọ kilomita na mgbagwoju yinye esịnede iri na otu craters. All nke a bụ a ugwu mgbawa nsure. Ya aha na-egosipụta na ugbu a Ọdịdị nke ahụ ugwu mgbawa - nsure ọkụ Ridge.

Nke a n'usoro a kpụrụ ke nkwụsị nke mgbawa ugwu ugwu. Ke akwa expanses nke mkpọda atọrọ ọdọ mmiri, na-ekpo ọkụ gas fumarole nta iri ise slag cones.

East ndagwurugwu ahụ

Ọtụtụ craters yiri olulu mmiri, ndị nke na anya gara aga eruptions mere, taa jupụtara acidic ọdọ mmiri. Ndị a gụnyere ndị East Ndagwurugwu. Ya na ala bụ size of ọkara a kilometa ewe miri-acha anụnụ anụnụ ọdọ. Ọ gbara nkpoda ọnụ ọnụ ugwu dvuhsotmetrovuyu. Part nke na ọ na-kpuchie site sere n'elu ice.

A atụmatụ a na ndagwurugwu ahụ nwere ike na-akpọ ya ike ịgbanwe ya "omume" n'oge mgbawa ugwu ahụ. Mgbe mmiri na ọdọ bụ-acha anụnụ anụnụ, ụwa ime jụụ. Mgbe ọ na-abịakwute ugwu mgbawa predaktivnoe ala, ọdọ n'ụzọ nkịtị "Juda", mgbanwe na udi ma na agba.

N'ọrụ ndagwurugwu ahụ

Gorely bụ ọzọ dị ịtụnanya na ndagwurugwu ahụ. Ọ na-akpọ Active. Ya ala jupụtara na jupụta acid ọdọ oroma, na ya n'elu mmiri n'ụsọ fumaroles. Nke a na ndagwurugwu ahụ nwere a foneelu udi onye n'obosara bụ 250 mita. oghere omimi - 200 mita.

Ụmụ ọ dị ize ndụ n'ihi na nke mgbidi ya achọ ntisa, na ikuku na-jupụta na sọlfọ egbu egbu, haruru.

West ndagwurugwu ahụ

The ala nke ndagwurugwu ahụ glasia ekpuchi, nke na-enye ịrị elu a iyi. Ọ na-aga n'ime ugwu-n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke caldera, akpụ ọtụtụ obere waterfalls.

cylinder

Nti na ndagwurugwu ahụ na otú ahụ pụrụ iche aha. Ọ bụ nsogbu na ndịda mkpọda nke ugwu mgbawa, o nwere a mgbe nile okirikiri udi. Ya dayameta bụ 40 m.

oghere akwụ

Ọ bụ ụdị dị dum "ezinụlọ". Na na ala nke oge ochie na ndagwurugwu ahụ bụ ndị abụọ na-eto eto: a warara nchawa nke ndagwurugwu ahụ, wee aha ya n'ihi na nke elongated udi, na miri emi.

Lava aga burgundy, gbawara site n'oge ruo n'oge na ala nke caldera, kpuchie na nwa mgbawa ugwu ájá, - ya na-ewu na-enye echiche nke a ugwu mgbawa nsure ize ndụ, ma n'otu oge ahụ n'ụzọ na-eju ebe mara mma.

ala dị larịị

Ọ dịghị obere na-akpali bụ ala dị larịị na ugwu mgbawa. Ọ fọrọ nke nta nke na-enweghị ahịhịa. The naanị wezụga ndị dị ala tundra herbs. Ebe a n'elu e nwere n'oge ochie lava aga, ọbara ọbara na agba, nke gbawara n'okpuru nduzi nke oge.

Nke a na foto na ọtụtụ ndị njem na-atụrụ ihe ọ omimi Mars. O yiri ka na mbara ala a nke a nnọọ ike ịbụ.

ọgba

Karịrị puku afọ abụọ gara aga, eruba n'ime wụrụ awụ lava kama, kpụrụ akpụ site na-arụsi ọrụ ike ọkọ kere nkume mbara ubi, nke na-emi odude n'ebe ugwu nke a ugwu mgbawa. Nke elu oyi akwa nke lava oge iji mee n'oge eruba, na aka iso esịtidem eruba.

Dị ka a N'ihi nke a eke onu maara taa kpụrụ lava abaitiat ugwu mgbawa nsure ọkụ. Weekend tours na-haziri site Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, otú onye ọ bụla nwere ike ịhụ ndị a pụrụ iche owuwu.

Kpam kpam ugwu mgbawa nsure ọkụ bụ iri na anọ abaitiat. Ha nwere ice "n'ala" na domed vaults. Ha ogologo àmà site iri na isi ka otu narị na iri anọ mita. Maka nnyocha njem nleta na-ugbu a na isii nke ha.

eruptions

N'oge ikpeazụ ọkara narị afọ nke ugwu mgbawa bilitere nsure ọkụ naanị ugboro asaa. Ná ngwụsị nke narị afọ gara aga ọ na-e dere na-adịghị ike eruptions na ha nọ nyak a nnukwu ego nke gas, ájá na ntụ. Ikpeazụ ọrụ bụ n'oge okpomọkụ nke 2010. Ọ kpasue a dobe na larịị nke ọdọ mmiri, mmajijiji nke ala na Alụlụụ umu anwuru. Ha bụ ndị anya ọbụna Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.

Fọrọ nke nta ọ bụla afọ iri abụọ nsure-egosi ya dị ịtụnanya ike na ume, spewing lava aga n'elu ọkụ, nke agbatị n'elu a anya nke iri kilomita. Na ọbụna n'oge lull na n'usoro e ji nnọọ ọrụ fumarole ọrụ.

Ịgbago na ugwu mgbawa nsure

One-ụbọchị njem na ugwu mgbawa nsure - mfe ma anọgide na-adọrọ mmasị njem nke ụbọchị. Ọ ga-eme ka a otutu ụtọ, na oké foto. Hazie mkpọsa nke Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky a pụtara maka njem nleta nke afọ niile. Ọ nwere ike na-akụkụ, ma ụmụaka na ndị mmadụ dị iche iche na-emega ahụ.

N'ihi na ha na-arị ị dịghị mkpa na-arịgo na ngwá na ọzụzụ pụrụ iche. Site n'ụzọ, ịrị ugwu mgbawa nsure onwe gị, kwa, nwere ike ime ka. Petropavlovsk ụzọ i nwere ike iru caldera nke a ugwu mgbawa nsure ọkụ (si ufọt ufọt July).

The tour na-ewe otu ụbọchị. On ọrịrị onwe ya, dị ka nke ọma dị ka ụmụ nwere ike na- awa isii. Road to Caldera ewe 3 na 4 awa. Ọ na-adabere ọnụnọ nke snow na track ọnọdụ.

Ke doro anya weather site n'elu ugwu mgbawa nsure njem nleta nwere ike n'out oge ahụ ọtụtụ nwuchapu na-arụsi ọrụ agbọpụta ọkụ: Mutnovsky Zhirovsky, Asacha, Vilyuchinsky, Opala, n'ebe ndịda - Priomysh, Khodutka, Ilyinsky, Zheltovsky ugwu -Arik, Aag, Avachinskiy, Koryak, wdg - otu Zhupanovsky agbọpụta ọkụ Dzendzur, agbọpụta ọkụ Tolmachevo Dale.

Travel Atụmatụ

1. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-eme atụmatụ a njem na ugwu mgbawa nsure, na-eche tupu banyere nkụ. Na saịtị na-ahụ na ha na ị nwere ike ọ bụghị. Wood ike dochie a gas burner.
2. Ṅaa ntị na oke nke a tent - ọ ga-akwagide. Na mpaghara nke ugwu mgbawa ifufe bụ nnọọ ike.
3. Nature na mpaghara ebe a bụ nnọọ na-emebi emebi, otú obodo okooko osisi mma dị nnọọ obi ụtọ na-ewere foto, ma ọ bụghị imebi ha, na a ole na ole ahịhịa na ahihia kwesịghị iji maka a akwanye Ọkụ n'Èzí Jiri.