Olee otú na-otu onye entrepreneur na Russia: nzọụkwụ site nzọụkwụ ntụziaka

Onye azụmahịa (IP) - bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị ewu ewu iche nke azụmahịa na-eme ka ụbọchị a na Russian Federation, nke bụ ihe magburu onwe nhọrọ maka obere ulo oru.

Onye entrepreneur - a nwa amaala aha dị na iwu na-azụ ahịa na-enweghị a iwu kwadoro. N'oge ahụ, ọtụtụ na-eto eto achọghị na-arụ ọrụ maka onye ọzọ, ike ha ulo oru na obere ulo oru, na-emeghe elu retail outlets. All nke ha na ụfọdụ ebe-abịa na-uche: "Achọrọ m ịdị ka onye entrepreneur!" Ma ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ mara ebe na-amalite!

onwe ndebanye uru SP

Mgbe malite a azụmahịa gaje entrepreneur nwere ike iji ọrụ nke pụrụ iche sịrị, nke ga-aku na zuru na nke nke definition nke a ego ụgwọ ọrụ. Ma nye ndị na-achọ inwere iji nweta uru na ahụmahụ na-azọpụta, ọ bụ mma ghara iji ọrụ nke ndị ọkachamara, na ịghọta onwe gị na otú ka a onwe entrepreneur. Mgbe niile, na-eme n'ọdịnihu ihe karịrị otu ugboro a na-azụ ahịa ga-na kọntaktị na gbasara ego obodo ọchịchị.

N'ihi na ọtụtụ kensinammuo ngosi nke ozi niile omume na a ga-dechara aha, kewara paragraf, ọ bụla nke na-akọwa otú ka ihe entrepreneur. Nzọụkwụ site nzọụkwụ ntụziaka na-dị n'okpuru.

The n'ozuzu algọridim nke Action

N'ihi na onye na-aha ka IP, igosi ndị na-esonụ omume:

1. Họrọ ụdị nke ọrụ, dị ka nke ga-rụrụ ihe niile n'ihu azụmahịa.
2. Họrọ ndị kasị mma usoro nke ụtụ isi.
3. Kwadebe niile dị mkpa akwụkwọ.
4. Dejupụta ngwa maka azụmahịa aha.
5. Lezienụ ala ego.
6. Nyefere akwụkwọ tax Inspectorate (Inspectorate nke Federal Tax Service).
7. Nweta akwụkwọ ikwado PI ọnọdụ.

Nke a usoro nke omume aka n'ozuzu chọta otú ka a onwe entrepreneur na Russia. Ọzọkwa ihe na-depụtara na ihe zuru ezu.

Nzọụkwụ mbụ: oke nke na-arụ

Ya mere, otú e si aghọ onwe ya n'ọrụ? Ebe na-amalite? Ikekwe, ihe mbụ edinam ịmara NACE.

Mgbe mmadụ na-aha dị ka onye entrepreneur na ọchịchị ha ghọta na nwetara ya ga-eme n'ọdịnihu na-arụ. e NACE (chọpụtachaa ihe e deburu edebiri - National nhazi ọkwa nke Economic Activities) maka ndị a na nzube.

Onye ọ bụla ụdị nke azụmahịa bụrụ na e kenyere a nọmba pụrụ iche, nke bụ na-esote SP ga-kwuru na akwụkwọ. The ndepụta NACE dị tupu Federal Tax Service itieutom ma ọ bụ na ya na website.

Ebe ọ bụ na 2015 Russian iwu ga-mmetụta ndị NACE 2, nke ga-ekpebi na-arụ na IP LLC. Na nke a classifier ngalaba 21, nke na-ekewa n'ime 88 klaasị.

NACE code pụrụ ịpụta a na klas, subclass, otu, subgroup na ụdị ọrụ. Ntem, o nwere ike iso nke abụọ, atọ, anọ, ise ma ọ bụ isii digits. Ma ọ bụ uru arịba ama na na ngwa maka aha nke IP nwere ike ịbụ na-erughị anọ nọmba, nke pụtara na entrepreneur kwesịrị ikpebi klas na subclass nke ìgwè.

SP nwere ike họrọ ọtụtụ codes (50), si otú e otu n'ime ha dị ka a isi (revenue maka ọrụ a na-eme ihe karịrị 60% nke ngụkọta ego ha ga enweta).

Ọ ga-kwuru na e nwere ụfọdụ NACE codes site nke entrepreneur ga enweta a ikike. Ya mere, na a ndepụta Ikikere occupations na-ume na-agụ.

Iji ghọta otú ka a onwe entrepreneur na 2014 ma na-achọta nri koodu maka azụmahịa, na-ezo aka na nke ugbu a ugbu a NACE version classifier - OK 029-2001 (NACE Rev. 1.).

The nzọụkwụ nke abụọ: na oke nke ụtụ isi

Ke ofụri ofụri, IP nwere ohere iji otu n'ime ihe anọ ahụ tax regimes: na UPDF (mfe tax usoro), na UPDF na ndabere nke a patent, a otu tax on agu ego (UTII) ma ọ bụ n'ozuzu ụtụ isi usoro, nke ego bụ iji kwụọ na VAT na ihe accrual ndabere ). Agricultural emepụta na ndị ọrụ ugbo nwere ike iji otu ugbo tax.

STS bụ ndị kasị ewu ewu n'etiti ndị IP usoro nke ụtụ isi. Ebe ọ bụ na mgbe eji mfe tax na-aza ajụjụ. Ke adianade do, ọ na-ebelata tax ibu onwe entrepreneur.

UPDF bụ nke abụọ iche iche. Na n'ozuzu taxable ego (tax 6%) na ihe ma ọ bụ n / o ego mwepu expenses (tax bụ 15%). Họrọ ụdị nke IP nwere ikike UPDF.

Ọ bụrụ na ihe entrepreneur kpebiri iji guzosie UPDF, ọ ga-edo kwesịrị ekwesị nkwupụta banyere mgbanwe na oyiri na Federal Tax Service. Nke a nwere ike mere n'oge ndebanye nke IP, na n'ime ụbọchị iri atọ ahụ gasịrị.

Na Russia, onye entrepreneur na iwu ji ya kwụọ ụgwọ onyinye-elekọta mmadụ ego. Ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ na-arụrụ ọrụ na-eji mfe ụtụ isi usoro si taxable ngụkọta ego ma ọ bụ UTII, ego nke tax nwere ike belata ego nke adịchaghị.

December 29, 2014 na Russian President aka a iwu na abụọ afọ tax ememe maka mbido oru buu igba n'ulo, dị ka nke si 01.01.2015, niile SP ke akpa afọ abụọ nke ya na-eme ga-abụ hapụrụ si tax ibu arọ.

Nzọụkwụ nke atọ: nkwadebe nke akwụkwọ

Aha, SP a chọrọ na-anakọta ma kwadebe a nọmba nke akwụkwọ:

1. Nkịtị paspọtụ na mbipụta ndị ya peeji nke.
2. Gbamgbam (-atụ ụtụ isi Identification Number) na mbipụtaghachi.
3. Nkwupụta na ntughari na simplified ụtụ isi usoro.
4. Nkwupụta nke mgbanwe ndị na-usoro n / a patent on.

Na-mkpa a na nkwupụta P21001 ụdị, nnata nke ugwo nke ndebanye ego na a oyiri nke ya. Documents Nos 3 na 4 adịghị manye. Ha nwere ike osụk na iwu kenyere okwu ma ọ bụ na faịlụ, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dịghị mkpa ka ịgbanwee gaa na ụzọ ndị ọzọ nke ụtụ isi.

Mbipụta nke ọ bụla mpempe akwụkwọ nke na paspọtụ mkpa ka e mee ga-kpọmkwem otu alaka nke IRS. Ma ọ bụrụ na imewe-agabiga ihe intermediary, a oyiri ga-ewepụ si na niile peeji nke.

E nwere ụfọdụ eme ihe na nke bụchaghị enye a akwụkwọ ikwado enweghị a mpụ ndekọ. Ha nwere ike kwesịrị dee tupu ndị FTS.

Fourth nzọụkwụ: ejuputa na a ụdị

The anọ ihe na "Olee otú na-otu onye entrepreneur" na-ejuputa na a ụdị. Nkwupụta Nat aha. SP ukara ka P21001 jupụtara n'ụdị. Jide n'aka na-oji ink, na nnukwu akwụkwọ ozi, na-enweghị njehie na degharịa. Ma i nwere ike ju ya na ngọngọ akwụkwọ ozi na kọmputa na-bipụta mgbe e mesịrị. Na nke a, na iji font Courier New - 18. Duplex obibi na-aju.

Otu ngwa ụdị dị ọ bụla FTS ọrụ ma ọ bụ ibudatara na Ịntanetị (na FNS website). E nwekwara a rijuru afọ ụkpụrụ.

The okwu ga-agwụ agwụ nnọọ nlezianya ka na ikpe nke na njehie na-esonụ nwere ike ime: Federal Tax Service adịghị ekwe ka itinye adaba ụdị nke azụmahịa ụtụ isi, amanye ikikere ma ọ bụ ọbụna na-ajụ-emeghe a SP.

All Ibé akwụkwọ na ngwa akwụkwọ, ọ na-achọsi ike ka embroider, tụọ ọnụ ọgụgụ nke jointing Ibé akwụkwọ na ihe ịrịba ama. Ma dị ka akwụkwọ ozi nke Federal Tax Service 25,09. 2013 N SA-3-14 / 3512, ọ bụghị a mkpa maka doo nke akwụkwọ. All Ibé akwụkwọ pụrụ nanị clip ma ọ bụ staple stapler.

The ise nzọụkwụ: akwụ ụgwọ ala ego

Mgbe ngwa n'ụdị P21001 jupụtara, ga-eme n'ọdịnihu na-azụ ahịa ga-akwụ a ala ego. Nke a nwere ike mere ngwa ngwa na n'ụzọ dị mfe na ihe ọ bụla alaka ụlọ ọrụ nke ikikere akụ. N'ụdị a na achọrọ nkọwa anyị kwesịrị iwere na FTS unit n'ebe nke aha nke IP. Ma ọ bụ na ụlọ ọrụ nke ụlọ akụ, ma efu, na-enweghị nkọwa nke chọrọ FTS. Na nke a, na ụdị a ga-jupụtara aka, tupu na-agbakwunye ha.

Ọ ga-kwuru na ebe ọ bụ March 11, 2014, dị ka Ministry of Finance of Russia Order of 26.12.2013 N 139, ọdịda inye a nnata n'ihi na ugwo nke ala oru bụghị a mere jụrụ na inweta ikike maka aha nke IP. Lelee ụgwọ tax ụlọ ọrụ nwere ike onwe site ya ozi usoro. Ya mere, na-arụrụ ọrụ nwere ike ịkwụ ụgwọ ego via electronic wallets ma ọ bụ ọnụ.

The ego nke a ego maka 2014 bụ 800 rubles, na na 2015 ya size ga-amụba ka 1300 rubles.

Mgbe stampụ oru-akwụ ụgwọ, ọ ga-eme ka a mbipụtaghachi nke ugwo nnata na itinye ya ndị ọzọ nke mbụ anakọtara akwụkwọ.

Nke isii nzọụkwụ: nrubeisi nke akwụkwọ Federal Tax Service

The isii nzọụkwụ ke ntụziaka "Olee otú na-otu onye entrepreneur" bụ kpọmkwem nrubeisi nke akwụkwọ kwesịrị ekwesị ọrụ.

Dị na Russian iwu Fe-na-ewe ebe nanị na nke Federal Tax Service n'ebe nke aha nke a ga-eme n'ọdịnihu entrepreneur akụkụ. Dị ka onye a, onye chọrọ ịbịaru onwe ha dị ka ọchụnta ego, ga mara ihe na-FTS nkewa ọ bụ, ọ na-emi odude ọ bụla address. Chọpụta ozi a ke ukara website nke Federal Tax Service.

Ọ bụrụ na e nweghị na-adịgide adịgide registration, onye nwere ike ide na Federal Tax Service nke ikike na ebe nwa oge obibi.

Tee na kwesịrị ekwesị ikike nwere ike onwe (bịara onwe na Federal Tax Service), ma ọ bụ site na a maka iwu obodo. Ọzọkwa, na ngwugwu nke akwụkwọ nwere ike zigara Federal Tax Service na mail. Na nke a, zitere a akwụkwọ ozi ka bara uru ndepụta ọdịnaya. Ikike itinye aka na onwe ya n'ọrụ na-abịa site mail. Time, usoro a na-ewe ogologo oge karịa ndị ọzọ na abụọ nke n'elu.

Ọ bụrụ na a nwa amaala bụ onye na IRS, ọ ga-enye a oyiri nke ma akwụkwọ na malite. Ke edinam na a akwụkwọ ozi zigara niile akwụkwọ ga-eji gbaara site notari.

Ọ bụrụ na ị na-eji enyemaka nke ndị ọzọ, ọ dị mkpa ọ bụghị nanị na iwu gbaara mbipụta nke akwụkwọ, ma na-na n'otu ụzọ enen ocho oru mbinye aka na izugbe ike ọka iwu maka onodi.

More inye IP, i nwere ike iji Ịntanetị ke ukara website nke Federal Tax Service. Nke a na usoro dị ebe ọ bụ na January 9, 2013 na niile Russian obodo.

Mgbe na-anata akwụkwọ a onye na-aga ha, na-nyefee a nnata maka nnata nke ngwugwu. Ọ bụrụ na ndị ga-eme n'ọdịnihu SP onwe adịghị enye akwụkwọ, a nnata na-zigara ya site post (nnọchiteanya n'aka ndị a na nnata na-agbala).

Seventh nzọụkwụ: Inweta Njikere akwụkwọ na IP ndebanye

The asaa nzọụkwụ "Olee otú na-otu onye entrepreneur (2015)" bụ ikpeazụ.

N'ime ise-arụ ọrụ ụbọchị site na ụbọchị mgbe akwụkwọ e osụk aka IRS, ocho oru ga nwere azịza na aka ma ọ bụ mail. Ha ga-wepụ si n'otu Register of onye ọchụnta ego na akwụkwọ nke State. Nat aha. kwadoro ka SP (OGRN).

The ocho oru ga-enye a oyiri nke akwụkwọ ndị a na tax soja.

The naanị proprietorship nwere ike jụrụ ma ọ bụrụ na:

• ezughi oke ọnụ ọgụgụ nke osụk akwụkwọ;
• nke akwụkwọ bụghị ke idem;
• maka njehie ma ọ bụ misprints na nkwupụta;
• ocho oru esesịn aha dị ka IP;
• ekperima ndekọ nke ocho oru;
• ocho oru kwuru odida na-erughị otu afọ gara aga.

Omume SP mgbe ndebanye aha

Mgbe ịdenye dị ka a na-azụ ahịa, SP na iwu ji ya eme ka a akara, na-aha na Pension Fund, ịzụta a ndekọ ego, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa (na aha ya na tax ọchịchị), nakwa dị ka na-emeghe a ịlele akaụntụ ọ bụla akụ.

Ọ bụrụ na ndị IP enwere a mgbanwe nke ọ bụla data (ịgbanwe paspọtụ, ndebanye aha na adreesị, wdg), na iwu ji na-agwa ndị na ịdenye nke ahụ ya, mbịne ya n'ime a re-okwu n'ime 3 ụbọchị si oge nke mgbanwe.

Deba aha na FIU na enweta ego ga-sots.strahovaniya ma ọ bụrụ na SP chọrọ iji ike goro ọrụ. Ọ ga-mere n'ime 5-arụ ọrụ ụbọchị site na ụbọchị nke na-ewere na ndị na-arụ ọrụ nke mbụ na-arụ.

Akụkụ nke onye oru na Russian Federation

Na Russian Federation, aha nke onye ọchụnta ego a na-usoro iwu - nke Civil Code nke Russian Federation, amuma nke Government, nakwa dị ka gọọmenti etiti iwu, isi nke bụ N 129-FZ "On State Registration nke ụlọ ọrụ iwu kwadoro na Onye ọchụnta ego".

Ọ bụrụ na ị na-eche banyere otú ka otu nọọrọ onwe ha entrepreneur na St. Petersburg, ọ ga-ahụ kwuru na ikike na-emeso a nke na obodo a, bụ MIFNS nọmba 15. Odude nzukọ n'adres: St. Petersburg, ul. Red akwa ọrụ, House 10/12 akwụkwọ ozi O.

Ọ bụrụ na ị chọrọ ihe ọmụma, otú ka otu nọọrọ onwe ha entrepreneur na Moscow, mkpa ka ị mara ihe IP ndebanye na isi obodo aku MIFNS nọmba 46. Nke a na alụmdi nwere ike na adreesị: Moscow, so Itie, Iwuli 3, Iwuli 2.

Ná mmechi, ọ bụ uru na-arịba ama na mgbe ọ bịara doo anya otú ka onye entrepreneur, ọ bụ oge na-eme ihe! Atụla egwu nke ogologo queues na-ede n'akwụkwọ, mgbe nile nke a ahụmahụ, na n'ihu a otutu akpali rụzuru na ha onwe ha ụtọ na uru azụmahịa!