Ònye bụ Duke? nke pụtara

The kasị elu aha ama nwere ike na-eyi naanị na Europe. Na Middle Ages nyere nke abụọ onye mgbe eze. Anabatakwa a ajụjụ banyere onye na Duke, anyị nwere ike ikwu na bụ onye nke nējide onwe-ala. Na-onwunwe-ya bu castles, ala, ndị mmadụ. N'oge ochie okwu kwuru na onyeisi ndị German iche iche.

translation mkpebi siri ike

Kwuo nke Ibọrọ ajụjụ banyere ndị na Duke pụrụ ịchọta oge ochie mere. Okwu «Herzog» na-abịa site German asụsụ. Ọ jikọtara ya na ndị n'usoro ọmụmụ.

Okwu "Duke" na-eji na ndị ọzọ na-asụ asụsụ:

• Si sụgharịa German okwu pụtara "Duke» (Herzog) a kọwara dị ka "iji ụgbọala, na-edu, na-edu."
• (- edu ndú duco) eji a yiri okwu dux na Latin.
• Na French okwu "Duke" ka akowara dika «duc».
• The English version-ezo aka "na-akwanyere ùgwù mmadụ, onye-nwe-" - «Duke».
• Italian Duke akpọ okwu «duca».

ọmụmụ gbasara asụsụ definition

Ebe a siri ike nghọta nkọwa na ọkọwa okwu. Atụle onye bụ onye Duke:

1. The oge ochie okwu a kọwara dị ka a warrior ebo.
2. Nwe ala na ndị mmadụ.
3. The abụọ onye mgbe eze. Noble aha nke mmadụ họrọ ama.
4. Ọchịchị aka na obodo òfùfè eze. Na ya na-erubere nwere grafụ.
5. Na England,-isi bụ ndị yiri ọbara ndi-isi, ndi-eze.
6. The Union of South Africa bụ praịm minista na 1924-1939 Hertzog Dzheyms si. M gbadara n'akụkọ ihe mere eme dị ka a supporter nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, na-ekweghị na-ekwu okwu megide Germany.
7. Nwe ala na ụlọ - na Duchy na-ketara eketa. Ọ kwadoro n'ogo nke kasị ike site Charles II Isi Nkwọcha (877).

Early akụkọ ihe mere eme uru

Ònye bụ Duke, ọ e kwuru na n'oge ochie. German iche iche aha ya bụ dị ka ya n'ozuzu ya. Na ogologo njem ndị mmadụ ndidi ruo ọtụtụ afọ, ụfọdụ n'ime ha nọgidere na-meriri n'ókèala. Nke a Mbugharị nyere n'ala ọzọ ebe - nwe ala ahu, akuko ozugbo na eze. N'ihi na obodo ukara bụ ndị kasị elu ikike.

Isi nwere a pụrụ iche ụdị uwe eyi okpueze pụrụ iche udi na owụt nkwa n'ala nna ha. Feoffee King na-iji n'ógbè ya na, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, ọzọ mere agha akwụsịcha ime a na nnupu isi ma ọ bụ na ichughachiazu ndị agha na ókè-ala-onwunwe. Nrubeisi bụ otu ìgwè nke trustees - grafụ.

-Isi na ụgwọ na-ebunye ndị mmadụ uche nke eze, nyochaa ogbugbu nke ya iwu na-obibi punitive arụmọrụ megide jụrụ okwukwe. Onye ọ bụla n'ógbè nwere iwu na ndị ọzọ iwu gafere ozugbo na nwe ala.

European aha

Karl Veliky gbalịrị wepu aha iji zere mgbe nile na-alụ maka onwe. Na ebe nke na ama ndị a họpụtara zendgrafy na margraves. Otú ọ dị, definition nke okwu "Duke" retains ya pụtara na ha gbara agbata obi na-ekwu.

Kpụrụ isi natara okwu ma nọgide na-na-ekwu onwe ya. Ha jisiri naputa ha gara aga utu aha. Ya mere, n'ime Germany naanị e nwere ihe karịrị ise duchies ná mmalite nke narị afọ nke iri:

1. Saxon.
2. Lorraine.
3. Swabian.
4. Franconian.
5. Bavarian.

Kasị elu aha ọdịda naanị ịgụta onye na-achị, ka ha ghara ikwe ka ọdịdọ nke ike nke na-achị achị na-emegide. Okwu "Duke" ghọrọ usoro a oge na-aga. Ya mere, ha wee malite ịkpọ appointees ndị gọọmenti etiti, na-emezu uche nke eze. Mgbe e mesịrị, ngo malitere tinye "Ukwu ahụ", ọ mesiri mkpa nke mmadụ na ike nke aha ya.

Ná mba ndị ọzọ

Tụlee ihe okwu "Duke" na Middle Ages. Mgbe-ekpochapụ aha a ma ama malitere iguzogide ndị gọọmenti etiti, na ka ha onwe ha iwu n'aha. Mgbe e mesịrị na-achị achị enwewo ike-ha ka ha soro, ma agha obodo nọgidere a nnọọ ogologo oge.

N'ihi ya, na-eso Duchy ya guzosie ike na ókèala nke mba Europe:

• 1156 - Austrian.
• 1185 - Pomeranian, zoro aka na mbụ dị ka ndị Slavic;
• Na 1273 - Tọrọ ntọala na Carinthian.
• 1339 - pụtara Geldernskie.
• Na 1349 - na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Mecklenburg odụk.
• 1364 - Luxembourg.
• Na 1356 - tọrọ ntọala Jülich.
• 1378 - Savoy.
• Na 1423 - tọrọ ntọala Duchy nke House of Wettin.

Site 1844, kama aha nke Duke malite iji ọzọ utu aha. Na Germany, Ọkaakaa ndị mmadụ na-akpọ Onye nwem, na ikwu-adịghị eji okwu Ọkaakaa ịbụisi. Na England, anyị na-eji okwu ahụ bụ "ebere ya".

A mmetụta yiri e chere na ndị ọzọ na-ekwu:

1. Polish-Lithuanian ala. Site na ducal ikike echegbu ime mmụọ kwụsị, a ma ama, ego ala na ụlọ, ọchịchị, Radney pans.
2. Hungary. Site na ndị eze nọ n'okpuru eze mesoo ndị natives nke ndị isi, ndị oké ozu, earls. The elu n'ohu nwere a iwu nri isonye na ọha na-eme, na-akwadebe iji lebara mkpa na House nke ọchịchị. Nke a collection a na-akpọ "table tycoons" ma ọ bụ "akwa table".

Na England na France

Ducal ógbè nọgidere ruo ogologo oge, n'ụzọ zuru okè na-egosi onwe ya ngwá agha eme ihe. Eze gbalịrị niile na-esi dịrị n'otu gburugburu magburu ala. Zụtara nrubeisi nke onwe mmadụ nke nkwekọrịta, ohere, di na nwunye na ịlụ. Ndị dịghịzi na edicts nke kasị ike, tutu amama site na ike.

N'ihi ya, na France gbapụrụ ike duchy:

• Gascon, Gienskoe.
• Brittany, Burgundy.
• Normandy, Aquitaine.

Mgbe e mesịrị, n'oge ọchịchị nke Napoleon I-st na nkpuru Napoleon III-Rd, okwu "Duke" tụfuru ya mbụ pụtara. Nke a bụ n'ihi na eziokwu na ndị na-achị malitere inye aha nke ọ bụla onye na-vending. Ọbụna ọhụrụ jester ike mberede a Duke.

Na England aha nke Duke pụtara kemgbe ọchịchị Eze Edward III. Tupu a e nwere ndị oké ozu, ndị kasị mkpa. Iji mata ezinụlọ ha, onye na-achị kpọrọ ụmụ - ụmụ:

1. Senior Prince of Wales ọdịda aha nke Duke nke Cornwall. Na England, ụdị ẹnịm ta.
2. The Duke nke York.
3. Duke nke Clarence.

The aha e nyere ndị nnọchiteanya nke devotees karịsịa ama. N'ihi ya, e-isi:

• Lancaster.
• Northumberland.
• Clarence.

Aha ke Russia

Malite na Menshikov, na pụtara na ya Russian okwu pụtara "Duke". The Middle Ages ndị ọgaranya ma ama na ndị ọbịa si mba ọzọ proteges nke ike. Nke a aha ya nọ ọbụna Russian Tsars - Holstein-Gottorp. O kwuru na ha Western malite.

Na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mba ndị e dere a maara nke ọma na ezinụlọ nke Romanovs:

• Leuchtenberg.
• Oldenburg.
• Württemberg.

Isi nwere zuru ike. Ma ha nwere ike na-aha nke ala na njikọ na ọdịdọ nke ala ebe ugbu gọvanọ bụ enweghị ike ichebe ihe ndị ruuru ha. Ihe omume ndị a weere ọnọdụ na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke European na-ekwu.

Na Russia, aha eyi ama, gentry. N'usoro hapụkwara, n'ogo nke na-ekwu iji ọzọ nkọwa nke-isi eze nso --isi.

Ọ bụ n'ebe a aha ọ bụla nke ya na ha dịkọrọ ndụ?

N'etiti ha dịkọrọ ndụ ka idi isi Luxembourg, Jean, gbanwee ya, malite na na okwu a "Royal Onye nwem." Aha nke Duke nke Cornwall bụ Prince of Wales na England.

Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-atụle ihe okwu "Duke" na oge anyị, ọ bụ omume na-ebu yiri ọmụmụ gbasara asụsụ atụmatụ nke definition:

• Dị ka ọ dị n'oge gara aga, n'okpuru aha nke Duke ghọtara magburu malite nke mmadụ.
• Butere n'aka-isi gara ulo uku na ndị ọzọ akụkọ ihe mere eme ụlọ.
• Ihe nke a pụtara na ndị mmadụ na-ndị dị otú ahụ a aha nwere a butụrụ ibu uba n'ụdị ala ala na ego.

Otú ọ dị, oge a na-isi na-efu ya mmetụta na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ihe na mba. Aha naanị-echetara ndị ọzọ banyere mmalite nke mmadụ na ulo-ya. Na England e nwere isi taa. Ha na-abanye na isi larịị ọgbọ, nke e odude ke hierarchy n'okpuru magburu eze.