Onye ga-ewu a àkwà mmiri gafee Kerch Strait? Construction nke àkwà mmiri. The àkwà mmiri gafee Kerch Strait

The isiokwu nke na-ewu nke a àkwà mmiri gafee na Kerch Strait aghọwo karịsịa mkpa mgbe oké ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ihe ndị mbụ ọkara nke 2014 na Ukraine, nwere pụta nke nloghachi nke Crimea na Russian Federation.

Site n'akụkọ banyere ajụjụ

The echiche nke desirability na mkpa ijikọ abụọ nke ụsọ Strait nke isi mmiri malitere oge immemorial. Ọ gosiri na ihe ndị mere na isi mmalite. Ma ndị na-ewu a àkwà mmiri gafee Kerch Strait na-mgbe niile na-yigharịrị ihe echi ga-eme n'ọdịnihu n'ihi na oru mgbagwoju na ego na-eri nke ndị dị otú ahụ a oru ngo. N'ezie, mkpa dị ngwa maka ya bilie naanị na ugbu a. All aga afọ na-ezo ezo ewebata ndị mmadụ na ụgbọala satisfactorily idi Kerch Sea ugbo. Ọ mgbe niile na-arụ ọrụ na September 1954 na nke a ụbọchị. A afọ iri tupu nke a, e wuru a nwa oge akwa ụgbọ okporo ígwè Itie site na mkpagide. Ọ bụ nke oké usoro mkpa na omume nke agha ahụ. Ọ e wuru n'oge agha site Soviet Army engineering nke ihe ndị na-kwadebere site German occupiers. The ewu nke mmiri Kerch nyere logistical support atụmatụ nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ na-akpasu iwe na North Caucasus.

Mgbe na nloghachi nke Crimea

N'oge Soviet oge na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Crimea isi eruba nke ngwaahịa na njem na peninshula e ebu okporo ígwè site na Isthmus nke Perekop. Ugbo gafee Kerch Strait bụ nke abụọ. Ọnọdụ gbanwere mgbe nloghachi nke Crimea na Russia. The mkpa maka ndị na-ewu nke isi mmiri si na ogbo nke na-ekwurịta mmejuputa ogbo. E-apụghị izere ezere ajụjụ banyere onye ga-ewu a àkwà mmiri gafee Kerch Strait. Na-ewu nke a maka Russia bụ ihe pụrụ iche na ya oru mgbagwoju. Na-ewu ọ ga-abụ otú ngwa ngwa na rụọ ọrụ nke ọma otú ahụ. Megide backdrop nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị akwusighi na Ukraine, na akwa n'elu Strait nke enwetara isi mkpa maka dum aku ndụ nke dịịrị banye na mmiri. Crimea aku na uba dabeere tumadi na-eje ozi ndị njem nleta. A omenala ha metụtara na n'ụzọ site n'ókèala Ukraine, bụ n'okpuru a nnukwu ajụjụ.

N'etiti Crimea na Caucasus

Anyị nwere ike ikwu na oru ngo nke mmiri gafee Kerch Strait bụ ụwa nke mbụ-ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị mere nke akwa-ewu. On ụwa, i nwere ike ịhụ ihe mgbagwoju na n'ókè nke engineering owuwu. Ma ihe a nile, were ya na-nkịtị akwa ịgafe ga-arụ ọrụ mgbe nile ọchịchọ. Kerch Strait - bụghị nnọọ mfe ebe, na geological, hydrological na plan. The kacha nta anya n'etiti abụọ n'akụkụ bụ ebe a banyere isii kilomita. Mgbe ị na-ahọrọ ihe engineering ngwọta Mmepe ga-gaa na akaụntụ ahụ seismic n'ihe ize ndụ nke dum ebe, ike ice ọnọdụ mkpagide, ike ya n'oké osimiri na Ugboro squalls. Oké ala nke ikuku na-ahụkarị na spring a akụkụ nke obodo. Ihe kacha mkpa na-ekwu bụ na unhindered Itie arịa si mkpagide fairway Black Sea na Azovskoe na azụ.

analysis nke nhọrọ

Dị ka ọnọdụ dị n'etiti June 2014, ọ bụghị nanị na a na-amaghị onye ga-ewu a àkwà mmiri gafee Kerch Strait, ma na-adịghị na-akọwa ndị kacha oke nke variant nke oru ngo, nke ga-mejuputa ngo. All ndị a nhọrọ, e nwere ihe na asatọ. Ndị kasị mkpa a chọrọ iji a steeti ngo bụ iji mee ka ọnụ n'otu obodo na-ewu nke ụzọ na ụgbọ okporo ígwè àkwà mmiri. The kasị ekwe nke niile ọkọnọ maka ụka Strait ịgafe ụzọ nhọrọ kwesịrị ịghọta na abụọ. Ha nwere ike Olee ihe enyemaka kọwara dị ka "ugwu" na "n'ebe ndịda". N'ezie, oru na-nyochaa bụghị naanị na technical parameters ma na-atụ anya realizable uru.

Site Zhukovka Kerch

North nhọrọ na-agụnye ndị na-ewu a akwa na mmezi Zhukovka kwupụta Chushka gbụsara ọnụ mmiri, ebe Port Kavkaz. Ke akpa ilekiri, a nhọrọ kasị mma, ebe ọ bụ na anya n'etiti abụọ n'akụkụ n'ebe a na Strait bụ ntakiri. Ọ bụ ihe na-erughị isii kilomita. Ma ndị na-ewu àkwà mmiri, site definition, na-agụnye njikarịcha nke nkwukọrịta. Ma nke a ụzọ bụ ụzọ kasị mma aha ọ gaghị ekwe omume, ọ na-adịghị eduga beach onwe ya Krasnodar Territory, na warara na ogologo ikpa isi ezi, iche site na isi ntụziaka nke anya. Iji mee ka a ngo e ziri ezi, ga-ewu abụọ fọdụrụ n'ezinụlọ na-eru nso ka mmiri si Kọkeshịan n'ụsọ oké osimiri na isi obodo na-ewusi ejighị n'aka warara ingots braids.

site Tuzla

Nke a obodo aha bịara mara ka ọha na eze site na mgbasa ozi. Dị ka afọ iri gara aga, ha gwara ọha banyere Russian-Ukrainian esemokwu a ọkara bịara ikiri ya n'oké osimiri, a ibé ala. Taa, Kosa Tuzla ọzọ na etiti nke ọha na eze anya dị ka ndị kasị ekwe ebe, nke ga-adịghị anya na-amalite na-arụ ọrụ ndị ga-ewu a àkwà mmiri gafee Kerch Strait. Kasị nke teknuzu ọkachamara na ndị na-emetụta mkpebi, agbasaghị enye mmasị n'ebe ndịda ụzọ nhọrọ. Na nke a n'agbanyeghị eziokwu na ngụkọta ogologo nke mmiri na a na ọnọdụ ga-adị iri na abụọ kilomita. N'ezie, na nke a ụzọ a ga-ewu abụọ àkwà mmiri - Tuzla taa bụ agwaetiti, na-esi na ya na Taman Peninsula, ọ dị mkpa na-ewu a akwa ịgafe, bandwit na oru nkọwa na-adịghị ala karịa ndị isi. Na-achọ a ịrịba ego nke engineering ọrụ iji wusie Tuzla Island. Ma ọbụna na niile oru mgbagwoju ndịda ụzọ nhọrọ bụ a ntakiri-eri n'ihi na mmefu ego.

uzo ozo

All ọzọ engineering awade mmepe nhọrọ na-ebelata ka a jikọtara ewu nke clicks na otu n'ime mmadụ abụọ ẹkedọhọde ụzọ gasị. Ụfọdụ n'ime ha na-enye a akwa agafe n'ime ọwara na ọkara anya. Ndị ọzọ na-enye naanị ọwara nhọrọ maka okporo ígwè nke mmiri. Ma ihe niile a bụ ihe ndị ọzọ dị oké ọnụ maka boro-akwụ ụgwọ. Na adịghị anakwere maka nchekwa ihe mere - seismicity nke ebe-emepụta a pụrụ iyi egwu ka ndụ ndị mmadụ bụ onye pụrụ ịbụ na ọwara n'oge nke ịma jijiji. Ya mere, site a Nchikota geological na ọnọdụ akụ na ụba, okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu nke mmiri gafee Kerch Strait ga na-agụnye ọwara ngalaba, n'agbanyeghị nke ihu ọma nke ikpeazụ version nke mmiri ụzọ.

Banyere onye ga-ewu a àkwà mmiri gafee Kerch Strait

Ịhọrọ a ngo akwa engineering ngo erubeghị a emejuputa atumatu. Ma ọ dị mkpa na-ekwu na e nweghị ụkọ njikere isonye na mmepe nke mmefu ego? The na-eri nke mmiri gafee Kerch Strait nwere ike na-ekpebisi ike dị. Eze a na-akpọ ọnụ ọgụgụ nke 350 ijeri rubles bụ mbido. Ma zuru ụwa ọnụ na Russian ahụmahụ na-ewu nnukwu iga akụrụngwa oru ngo na-egosi na na N'ezie nke oru ngo mmefu ego atụmatụ na-elu ukpụhọde. Ọ ga-kwuru na, n'agbanyeghị eziokwu ahụ bụ na Russian akwa-ewu ụlọ akwụkwọ nwere bukwanu ahụmahụ na imewe na-ewu nke mgbagwoju àkwà mmiri, na a oru ngo nke a ịdị ukwuu mere n'oge gara aga enweghị anụ ụlọ owuwu. Kerch akwa bụ ihe karịa ugboro abụọ ama Presidential akwa n'elu Volga na Ulyanovsk, a ogologo nke 5 kilomita 700 mita. Na usoro iheomume nke ya zubere ewu nke a zuru ezu-agbanwe agbanwe. Ugbu a, a pụrụ iche Ọdịdị n'ime obodo na ụlọ ọrụ "Russian Roads". Ọ rụrụ ọrụ nke ndị ahịa si ụlọ. The eto eto, nke mpi maka engineering nnyocha na mmepe nke teknuzu na ụba na ndabere nke ụlọ ọrụ kwuru, "Giprotransmost".

Chinese òkè

A nnukwu ahụmahụ na imewe na-ewu nke mgbagwoju akụrụngwa oru ngo nwere a Chinese engineering owuwu. Dị ka ngụkọta ogologo nke mba a bụ unrivaled n'ụwa kwa afọ na-etinye n'ime ọrụ nke àkwà mmiri na okporo ụzọ. The media bipụtara akụkọ nke mmasị na ọkọdọhọ ndisịn idem nke Chinese n'akụkụ na-ewu a àkwà mmiri gafee Kerch Strait. Ụzọ na-adọta China na-ewu ụlọ si Russian n'akụkụ. Ogo ndisịn idem nke Chinese na oru ngo na a kpebisiri ike.

mwube oge

N'ihi na ịhụ mmezu nke na-enwetụbeghị ụdị ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị Russian oru ngo afọ anọ tọhapụrụ. Ya na-ewu bụ n'ihi na na-amalite na nke ugbu a 2014. A họpụtara akwa gafee Kerch Strait kwesịrị dịghị mgbe e mesịrị karịa nkera nke abụọ nke 2018. Na-egbu oge usoro iheomume nke na-ewu na nwụnye ọrụ apụghị izere ezere na-eduga a ịrị elu pụtara ìhè na-eri nke oru ngo. Na mgbakwunye na akwa, na abụọ nke Strait ga-eme a ịrịba ego nke ọrụ na ndị na-ewu nke ohere ụzọ ya na ụdị nile nke inyeaka engineering akụrụngwa. Crimea aku na uba bụ dabere na-adọ nyere nke ihe. Kerch ugbo na ike gwụrụ ya mee. Ndị ahụ na-eziga ndị Crimea izu ike, n'ihi na ihe a ụbọchị na-eguzo na akara na-eche ụgbọ mmiri. Nke a ọnọdụ anya na-egbochi eruba n'ime njem na-peninshula.