Oriọna transceiver aka

Oriọna transceiver - a ngwaọrụ nke na-aduak na-ekesa n'ókè nke a ụfọdụ ugboro. A, ọ na-eji dị ka a erite. The isi mmewere nke transceiver-atụle ga-a transformer na jikọọ na inductance. Atụmatụ mgbanwe oriọna bụ a ala-ugboro mgbaàmà nnyefe kwụsie ike.

Ke adianade do, ha na-akwanyere ya ùgwù site ọnụnọ nke dị ike capacitors na resistors. The controllers na-arụnyere na a dịgasị iche iche nke ngwaọrụ. Iji kpochapụ iche iche na ụdị na nnyonye anya na usoro electromechanical nzacha na-etinyere. Taa, ọtụtụ ndị nwere mmasị na echichi nke ala-na-ike transceivers 50 watts.

Transceivers obere ife (HF)

Iji mee ka HF transceiver na aka gị, ị ga-eji a ala ike transformer. Ke adianade do, na-elekọta kwesịrị iwere banyere amplifiers. A, na nke a, mgbama throughput enwekwu budata. Iji-enwe ike imeri mkpọtụ, na ngwaọrụ bụ set zener. Akacha eji transceivers nke ụdị na ekwentị mgbanwe. Ụfọdụ na-eme ka HF transceiver gị aka (oriọna) eji a eriri igwe, nke ga-idi karịa ndị na-eguzogide nke 9 ohms. Ịlele ma ọ bụrụ na ngwa oru bụ mgbe niile na mbụ na-adọ. Na nke a, na mkpọ niile ga-ga-elu ọnọdụ.

The mpi na transceiver unit maka HF

The mpi maka radio ji aka ya mere dị iche iche na-eduzi. Ọzọkwa chọrọ diode ụzọ. poolu bandwit na-enyocha n'ihi na ala-ike transmitters. Na ngwaọrụ ọzọ a chọrọ maka ihe mmewere dị ka a amì mgba ọkụ. Ọ na-achọrọ maka mgbaàmà nnyefe ka mpụga inductor asọfe.

Na iji mee ka ike ọkọnọ nke transceiver gị aka, gị mkpa a elu ugboro generator, nke na-agba na a ụzọ igwekota. Ọzọkwa ọkachamara iji capacitors nke dị iche iche akọ. Oke voltaji ngwaọrụ ga idi na 50 V ịgba ugboro ole na nke a adịghị gafere 60 Hz. Iji dozie nsogbu na akpa na nnyonye anya pụrụ iche na sekit na sekit na-eji. The ngwaọrụ ha e nwekwara maka voltaji ibawanye.

VHF ngwaọrụ (VHF)

Mee a VHF transceiver gị aka bụ nnọọ ihe siri ike. Na nke a, nsogbu ahụ na-achọta nri inductor. Ọ na iwu ji na-arụ ọrụ na ferrite yiri mgbaaka. Capacitors na-kasị mma na-eji dị iche iche na ikike. Naanị controllers na-eji maka na-adọ nnofega. Iji a multi-ọwa mgbanwe adịghị adabara transceivers. Akpagbu umu usoro na-achọ a elu ugboro, na dịkwuo nkenke ngwaọrụ etinyere zener. Ha na-arụnyere na transceivers naanị transformer. Na transistors na-adịghị ọkụ si, ụfọdụ ndị ọkachamara nye ndụmọdụ soldered electromechanical nzacha.

Ụdị transceivers ogologo-efegharị efegharị (LW)

Mee a ogologo-wavelength transceivers oriọna gị aka naanị na òkè nke elu-ike nkesa. The njikwa na nke a ga-gbakọọ na isii ọwa. Erite adọ mgbanwe a na-rụrụ site na modulator, nke na-arụ ọrụ na a ugboro ole nke 50 Hz. Ka iwetuo nnyonye anya na akara, nyo na-eji ihe ndị kasị iche iche. Ntọt conductivity nke ụfọdụ mgbaàmà na-enwetara site n'iji amplifiers. Otú ọ dị, ọnọdụ a ga na-elekọta nke ọnụnọ nke capacitance capacitors. The transistors na usoro ọ dị mkpa ka iru maka transformer. All a ga-mma izi ezi nke na ngwaọrụ.

Atụmatụ nkezi efegharị efegharị ngwaọrụ (CB)

Mee na-ajụ-efegharị efegharị tube transceivers na aka-ha na ha onwe ha siri ike. Ndị a na ngwaọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na LEDs. Light bulbs na-ama arụnyere na abụọ. The cathodes na nke a ọ dị mkpa ka ịgbakwunye na via capacitors. Dozie nsogbu nke na-amụba polarity nwere ike site n'iji ihe ọzọ ụzọ resistors na mmepụta.

Iji mezue circuit eji a ọsọ agba anọ. The mpi na-mgbe na-mmasị ka mgbawa site cathode, na ngwaọrụ ike na-ekpebisi ike site na voltaji transformer. Zute ọzọ mgbe transceivers nke ụdị nwere ike ịbụ na ụgbọelu. E na-achịkwa site na akara panel ma ọ bụ remotely.

The mpi na transceiver unit maka ne

Mee ihe poolu maka redio nke ụdị nwere ike iji a ot eriri igwe. Mpụga winding ọ ga-jikọọ na ampilifaya mmepụta. Nduzi na nke a ga-soldered na diode. Zụrụ ya na ụlọ ahịa dị na okpuru ulo.

Iji mee ka unit na transceiver nke ụdị na-eji ọsọ agba anọ, nakwa dị ka a generator 50 V. The transistors na usoro naanị etinyere ubi. The ịkpagbu usoro a chọrọ maka ejikọta sekit. Feedthrough capacitors na nkanka nke ụdị na-eji nnọọ adịkarịghị.

Mgbanwe Transceiver VHF-1

Iji mee ka a transceiver na aka ya na oriọna pụrụ ịbụ na ojiji nke transformer 60 V. LEDs sekit na-tinye n'ọrụ n'ihi nzube nke ude na-adọ. Modulators na ngwaọrụ ka dịgasị iche iche. High voltaji transceiver na-nọgidere na-enwe n'ihi na a ike ampilifaya. Mee elu mee ala transceiver eguzogide bụ n'ihi na a ruo 80 ohms.

Iji calibrate ngwaọrụ bụ ihe ịga nke ọma, ọ dị mkpa n'ụzọ ziri ezi kpatụ ọnọdụ ndị niile transistors. Dị ka a na-achị, mmechi ọcha na-enịm ke n'elu ọnọdụ. Na nke a, okpomọkụ weere ga-ntakiri. Ke akpatre n'aka ọnya eriri igwe. Diodes na igodo usoro enyocha tupu ịmafe chọrọ. Ọ bụrụ na ha na njikọ ọjọọ, na-arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ nwere ike sharply site na 40 ruo 80 degrees.

Olee otú ime ka ndị transceiver VHF-2?

Iji ọma n'ogige atụrụ na transceiver na aka gị, gị mkpa iji a transformer 60 V. Ịgba ibu ọ ga idi na 5 A. The naanị elu-edu resistors na-eji dịkwuo uche nke ngwaọrụ. The ike nke condenser a chọrọ iji hà dịkarịa ala 5 pF. Calibrated ngwaọrụ n'ikpeazụ site na mbụ na-adọ. Na nke mbụ a kpochidoro usoro a na setịpụrụ na-elu ọnọdụ.

Gụnye a ike ọkọnọ dị mkpa, na-ekiri na ngosipụta usoro. Ọ bụrụ na ndị na ịmachi ugboro bụ ukwuu karịa 60 Hz, ya mere, a gụnyere ya ná gosiri voltaji. Conductivity, na nke a, ndị mgbaàmà nwere ike mụbara site akpa ampilifaya. Ọ arụnyere, na-emekarị na-esote transformer.

HF nlereanya na-adịghị ngwa-Doppler

N'ogige atụrụ na HF transceiver gị aka anaghị inwe ihe ọ bụla ike. Nke mbụ, anyị ga-ahọrọ ihe ndị ha chọrọ transformer. Eji ibubata mgbanwe na-enwe ike idi na kacha ibu ruo 4 A. Na nke a, na capacitors na-ahọrọ, dabere na uche nke na-egosi na ngwaọrụ. FETs na transceivers bụ nnọọ nkịtị. Otú ọ dị, ha na-adịghị na-enweghị drawbacks. Ha na-tumadi metụtara na a nnukwu njehie mmepụta.

Na nke a emee n'ihi na-abawanye nke na-arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ nke mpụga wiring. Iji dozie nsogbu a, ndị transistors ike ga-eji na-akanye LM4. conduction dịruru ha mara ezigbo mma. Modulators maka transceivers nke ụdị bụ naanị adabara abụọ frequencies. Onyinye oriọna na-ewe ebe site a ọkọlọtọ ịkpagbu. Iji nweta ngwa ngwa mgbanwe nke na-adọ amplifiers naanị na mmalite nke yinye mkpa usoro. Ka iwelie mma erite arụmọrụ, mpi ejikọrọ site cathode.

Multi-ọwa transceiver mgbanwe

Mee a multi-ọwa transceiver gị aka naanị na òkè nke elu-voltaji transformer. Ịgba ibu ọ ga idi ruo 9 A. Na nke a, na capacitors-na na-eji na a ike nke karịa 8 pF. Dịkwuo uche nke ngwaọrụ 80 kV bụ fọrọ-agaghị ekwe omume, ọ ga-sonye na akaụntụ. Modulators na-eji usoro ise ọwa. Ka ịgbanwee na-adọ nke klas eji SPR ibe.

Direct akakabarede transceiver SDR

N'ogige atụrụ na SDR transceiver gị aka, ọ dị mkpa iji capacitors na ike nke karịa 6 pF. Nke a bụ nnọọ n'ihi na elu uche nke ngwaọrụ. Ke adianade do, ndị a capacitors aka ọjọọ polarity na usoro.

N'ihi na a ọma mgbaàmà conduction achọ nkesa dịkarịa ala 40 V. Na nke a, ha ga-idi a ibu banyere 6 V. The ngwaọrụ na-abụkarị ndị e mere n'ime anọ n'ụzọ. Ịlele transceiver amalite ozugbo na ịgba ugboro ole nke 4 Hz. Iji die akpa ndabichi na resistors eji na ngwaọrụ ụdị ubi. Bilateral nzacha na transceivers bụ obere. Oke voltaji na nke abụọ na-adọ transmitter ga idi na 30 V.

Dịkwuo uche nke ngwaọrụ variables amplifiers na-eji. Ha na-arụ ọrụ na a di na nwunye nke transceivers na resistors. Iji merie ala ugboro oscillations na-tinye n'ọrụ stabilizers. The anode circuit oriọna arụnyere na usoro site na a trotul. N'ikpeazụ ngwaọrụ na-enyocha kpochidoro usoro na-egosi usoro. Nke a na-eme ka onye ọ bụla na-adọ iche iche.

Transceiver ụdị na oriọna L2

Bụ a dị mfe transceiver gị aka iji a transformer 65 V. Ịdị ndị a oriọna dị iche na nke ha na-enwe na-arụ ọrụ ruo ọtụtụ afọ. Operating okpomọkụ na nke na nkezi bụ na gburugburu 40 degrees. Ọzọkwa, biko mara na ha na-enweghị ike jikọọ na-alụbeghị di-adọ ibe. The modulator na nke a ọ dị mma ka awụnyere na atọ ọwa. N'ihi na nke a ọtụtụ nke dispersion ga-ntakiri.

Ọzọkwa, ị pụrụ Bibie nke nsogbu na-adịghị mma polarity. Capacitors na-eji ndị dị otú ahụ a dịgasị iche iche nke transceivers. Otú ọ dị, ọnọdụ a, a ọtụtụ na-adabere na kacha ike ọkọnọ unit. Ọ bụrụ na ndị na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a nke mbụ na-adọ bụ karịa 3 A, nke kacha nta olu nke capacitor ga-9 pF. N'ihi ya, i nwere ike ịgụ na anụ ọrụ nke transmitter.

Transceivers resistors MC2

Iji ọma n'ogige atụrụ na transceiver na gị onwe gị aka dị otú ahụ na resistors, ọ dị mkpa ịhọrọ ezi stabilizer. Ọ arụnyere na ngwa na-esote transformer. Resistors nke ụdị na-enwe ike idi banyere 6 A. The kacha ibu

Tụnyere ndị ọzọ transceivers bụ nnọọ a otutu. Otú ọ dị, payback a bụ ụba uche nke ngwaọrụ. N'ihi ya, ihe nlereanya dị ike ida mgbe a nkọ ịrị elu voltaji na transformer. Ka iwetuo okpomọkụ ọnwụ na ngwaọrụ na-arụ ọrụ bụ ụwa dum nke nzacha. Ha ga-emi odude ke n'ihu transformer ka ndị na-eguzogide n'ikpeazụ adịghị gafere 6 ohms. Na nke a, dispersion ọnụego bụ ntakịrị.

otu sideband mgbanwe olu ngwaọrụ

Aga transceiver ha aka (atụmatụ e gosiri n'okpuru) si transformer 45 V. Ịdị nke ụdị mgbe pụrụ ịchọta ekwentị mgbanwe. Band modulator na ya Ọdịdị bụ nnọọ mfe. Ịmafe adọ na nke a rụrụ kpọmkwem site na a resistor mgbanwe ọnọdụ.

The ịmachi eguzogide mgbe ọ bụghị sharply belata. Dị ka a N'ihi ya, uche bụ mgbe nkịtị. Nkesa dị otú ahụ modulators ndị kwesịrị ekwesị na ikike bụghị ihe karịrị 50 V. Iji a ubi capacitors ọkachamara adịghị ike ikwu na usoro. Mma si ele ihe anya nke ọkachamara, iji ot ogbo. Mmezi nke transceiver a rụrụ naanị na ikpeazụ na-adọ.

Transceiver nlereanya ampilifaya PP20

Mee transceiver gị aka na ampilifaya nke ụdị nwere ike iji ubi-mmetụta transistors. transmitter n'ókè na nke a ga na-ebunye shortwave. The mpi na ndị dị otú ahụ transceivers mgbe ejikọrọ site na trotul. Idi voltaji nkesa na-chọrọ iji nagide na 55 C. N'ihi stabilization ugbu a etinyere ala ugboro inductor. Na-arụ ọrụ na modulators, ha dabara nnọọ.

Mgbawa transceiver kasị mma bulie atọ n'ụzọ. ọ na-arụ ọrụ ọma na n'elu ampilifaya. Nsogbu na uche na ngwaọrụ ime adịkarịghị. A mwepu nke data transceivers nwere ike-atụle a ala dissipation akpata.

na antennas nke asymmetrical ike transceivers

Transceivers nke ụdị taa bụ obere. Nke a bụ n'ihi n'ụzọ dị ukwuu ka ala ugboro mmepụta mgbaàmà. N'ihi na ha nwere adịghị mma na-eguzogide mgbe ụfọdụ bụ 6 ohms. N'aka nke ya, na-amachi ibu na resistor dị n'ógbè nke 4 A.

Iji dozie nsogbu na-adịghị mma polarity, pụrụ iche switches na-eji. N'ihi ya, na-adọ mgbanwe emee ngwa ngwa. Hazi ndị a ngwaọrụ nwere ike ọbụna ime akara. The n'elu-e kwuru mpi nke agba anọ atọrọ K9 akara. Ọzọkwa, transceiver ga-ọma e usoro inductance.

Mgbe ụfọdụ, na ngosipụta ngwaọrụ arụpụtara. High-ugboro na sekit na sekit na transceivers nwekwara bụghị ihe ọhụrụ. The nsogbu na oscillations sekit na-enweta site na a stabilizer. Ọ arụnyere na ngwaọrụ bụ mgbe n'elu transformer. Nwee ha onye ọ bụla ọzọ na n'otu oge ahụ na-chọrọ n'ebe dị anya. The arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ nke ngwaọrụ kwesịrị gburugburu 45 degrees.

Ma ọ bụghị ya, na-apụghị izere ezere ekpo oke ọkụ nke capacitors. N'ikpeazụ nke a ga-eduga-apụghị izere ezere spoilage. Ịtụle niile n'elu, ikpe maka transceiver ga-ọma ventilated ikuku. Oriọna ọkọlọtọ mgbawa n'ịnyịnya site na trotul. N'aka nke ya, na-modulator mgba ọkụ ga-ejikọrịrị ná mpụta fụchie ya.