Òtù maka Economic Cooperation na Development mba. OECD na ya na-eme

The Organization maka Economic Cooperation na Development bụ mba òtù a nọmba nke mba ndị mepere emepe iji mepụtaghachi ihe a nkịtị European iwu n'okpuru nkwado nke iwebata nke a na-akpọ Marshall Plan. Tụlee obụk ya ihe owuwu na ime.

Marshall plan

Ya mere, ọ malitere laa azụ na 1948 ke kpuchie nke atụmatụ setịpụrụ a afọ gara aga na US Secretary of State George Marshall. Dị ka a maara, n'ihi Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ na-a oké njọ aku nlaazu ofụri Europe. Ma ọ bụrụ na Soviet Union idi na ha onwe ha, na-emechi n'ohu ya ígwè aka nke akaike, Europe mkpọmkpọ ebe na n'otu oge ahụ dị nnọọ ezughi ezu Ọdịdị.

Site na nnukwu, akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Iron ákwà mgbochi na-amalite ebe a. The International Organization for Economic Cooperation na Development e tụụrụ ime na United States dị ka a panacea maka nsogbu nke post-agha, we da Europe. Na 1948 na Paris, e nwere nzukọ nke ndị nnọchiteanya nke 16 Western mba Europe. Ihe na-akpali bụ eziokwu bụ na ya isi a kpọrọ ndị Eastern mba Europe. Otú ọ dị, ndị ọchịchị Soviet na-ewere nke a dị ka a egwu egwu ọdịmma ha na-ekweghị ka ha na-aga nzukọ.

ígwè ákwà mgbochi

The mbụ so nke Òtù maka Economic Cooperation na Development - na, n'ezie, nke United States na ụfọdụ Western mba Europe, nke, na ego enyem aka si American n'akụkụ dị na Marshall Plan e nyere. Ndị a gụnyere United Kingdom, France, Italy, West Germany na Netherlands. Mba ndị a ga-esi kasị ego infusions, na iji nke usen ego nke ego nyekwara US na ha. Otú ọ dị, isi ọnọdụ maka usoro ego ntụziaka Americans etinye mkpochapu party iwu na mba ndị a ọ bụla Kọmunist ọchịchọ. N'ihi ya, United States malitere achị na-enwe mmetụta na atumatu nke Western Europe. Eziokwu ọzọ dị mkpa bụ ike nke na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị esemokwu mba nke a Bloc megide Soviet Union na mba na nwetara dị ka a n'ihi nke agha nkewa n'okpuru nduzi nke ikpeazụ.

US uru

Kwesịrị ịdị, Òtù maka Economic Cooperation na Development (OECD) bụ kpọmkwem nyekwara US metụtara, n'ihi na n'ụzọ dị otú a ha na-adịghị na-enwe ike amamihe itinye ego nnukwu ego - karịrị iri ijeri dollar, ma uru na-ere ugbo na ngwaahịa, ọ na-oké mkpa maka mba, bụ mkpọmkpọ ebe, karịsịa, na okwu nke mmepụta ihe oriri. On chọrọ nke mba-sonyere nke mmekorita iji nye n'aka mmepụta ha zigara commodities, dị ka afọ nke agha na United States na-enwe ike ike dị otú ahụ a nnukwu olu nke njuputa mmepụta. N'ihi ya, a aka emeela ka ukwuu na nduzi na Organization maka Economic Cooperation na Development nke United States.

The mmepe na mejupụtara nke OECD

Na 60s nke sonyere amụbawo na-aga n'ihu na-eto eto n'oge a. The Organization maka Economic Cooperation na Development nwere ugbu a na-34 òtù. Headquartered na Paris, na-achị isi bụ osisi nke na-anọchite anya nke na-ekere òkè ná mba. All omume na-achikota site òtù ya, na mmepe nke ọ bụla mkpebi mere na ndabere nke otutu mmadu kwenyere. Depụta mba nke Organization maka Economic Cooperation na Development. Na mgbakwunye na kpọtụrụ aha na mbụ òtù 2015 gụnyere: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Hungary, Greece, Denmark, Israel, Ireland, Iceland, Spain, Canada, Luxembourg, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Turkey Finland, Czech Republic, Chile, Switzerland, Sweden, Estonia, South Korea na Japan.

ọrụ

The isi-eme nke Òtù maka Economic Cooperation na Development bụ na-ahazi na gbasara nyocha-eme na-esonụ ebe: ego Laundering, ma ọ bụ kama, na-agha megide a onu, ke adianade do, na suppression izere ịtụ ụtụ isi, iri ngo, nrụrụ aka, na ndị ọzọ okwu nke ego mmekọahụ n'etiti dị iche iche na-elekọta mmadụ na owuwu.

N'ezie, ọ bụ a ikpo okwu maka Multilateral mkparita uka n'etiti otu mba na n'elu kwuru banyere okwu. Ọ na-eme na-atụ aro ka ndị òtù nke nzukọ na-emeso dị iche iche nsogbu akụ na ụba na ha na-enwe ke kpuchie nke aku na uba na-arụ ọrụ na ya n'ókèala.

n'oge na

The Organization maka Economic Cooperation na Development (OECD) bụ mgbe niile atụle amụma n'ihi na otu si mba dị iche iche si gburugburu ụwa. Ka ihe atụ, na 1996, otú ahụ okwu gbara akwụkwọ Baltic mba na Russia, ma na ha nile jụrụ. Ọ bụ nanị na 2010 na Estonia, ọ na-ekwe ka isonyere mmekota.

Na 2005, ọ na-enyocha ihe doo nke China na mmekorita. Ọ niile malitere na amụma nke Secretary General nke OECD, kwuru na na oge ya, mba ndị dị ka Portugal na Spain, nke mụbara nke ọchịchị aka ike, na-anabata dị ka ndị òtù nke nzukọ. Ke adianade do, ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ọnọdụ adịghị egbochi n'ihe aku. Dị ka ya, China bụ ndị kasị ekwe aku na a zuru ụwa ọnụ ọnụ ọgụgụ. Ọ na-anapụta ndị kasị ukwuu olu nke ígwè na ụwa ahịa. Na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ uru e zoro aka na OECD Secretary General na ihe nkwado nke echiche. Otú ọ dị, nke na-adịghị ma kpebiri. O sina dị, e nwere ụfọdụ na-enwe ọganihu na DPRK, dị ka Òtù maka Economic Cooperation na Development, ka e nyere ohere ịlele ala nke mba. Ihe ọ bụ na-emekarị a precursor na steeti banye n'ohu ahụ OECD.

Russia na OECD

Erughị ala mmekọahụ jikọọ mba anyị na OECD. The nke zụlitere Russia na 1996, dị ka ekwuola. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ ike ịjụ n'ihi na nke nnukwu kara nke mba ụkpụrụ nke Òtù maka Economic Cooperation na Development. Nke a adịghị egbochi na-edu ndú nke Russian Federation na-anọgide na-anabata ndị ọbịa maka nke.

Ihe omume ndị a emewo ka eziokwu ahụ bụ na e kpebiri na 2007 na-amalite mkparita uka na otu nke OECD Iwu. Nzọụkwụ dị mkpa a direction bụ iwebata Russia n'ime World Trade Organization 2012. The ọzọ milestone bụ ọkwa nke isi nke OECD na na 2015 Russia ga-otu nke Òtù maka Economic Cooperation na Development na-arụ niile dị mkpa na ọnọdụ. Otú ọ dị, nke a adịghị eme. Ọzọkwa, ọ na-adịbeghị anya mara ọkwa na mkpebi nke okwu a na-yigharịrị mgbe ebighị ebi. Ya mere, anyị na-eche na anyị, ndị nnọchiteanya nke omenala, ọbụna iri atọ gara aga disclaims ọ bụla Western mmetụta anyị.

ọgwụgwụ

Nzukọ kere dị ka a usoro na-enyere ndị ebibi mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ Europe, wuru na obi ike nke United States na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị isi, emecha enwetara atụmatụ nke a onwe-na-emepe emepe na onwe-inye iwu Union kasị ukwuu aku nke ụwa, na-eme maka ezi nke ụwa. N'ezie, ajụjụ iji kpochapụ izere ịtụ ụtụ isi, iri ngarị na nrụrụ aka dị mkpa ka a gwara okwu. Na ọ bụ ezie na ndị a phenomena nke mmekọrịta ụmụ mmadụ na-gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ ke ogbu nke ndị mmadụ, Otú ọ dị, ọbụna ndị dị otú mgbalị bụ ihe ùgwù. Ke ofụri ofụri, ọnọdụ nke nzukọ na-agba ume na mmadu ga-ịnagide nsogbu akụ na ụba n'ihi na nkwonkwo mgbalị nke mba niile na mbara ala na ntụziaka nke idozi ha.