Paul Antokolsky: biography na ọrụ

Soviet na-ede uri Pavel Antokolsky, biography na creativity kwesịrị nnyocha, ọ dịrị ndụ ogologo na-akpali nnọọ mmasị ná ndụ. Na ya na ebe nchekwa ndị revolutions, agha, nwere na nkà, e guzobere Soviet akwụkwọ. Antokolsky poems - bụ a na;, nkà akụkọ banyere ahụmahụ nke na-ede uri, nke mba ndụ, banyere ya reflections.

mbido

June 19, 1896 na St. Petersburg a mụrụ Antokolskiy Pavel Grigorevich. Ọ bụ mbụ n'ime ụmụaka anọ na nanị nwa okorobịa. Nna-ya, a maara nke ọma, ma ọ bụghị karịsịa ọma ọkàiwu, mgbe niile na-eme atụmatụ na-esi gbanwee ndụ ha ka mma. Ma, ọ na-arụ ọrụ n'ihi na ọtụtụ akụkụ nke nnyemaaka barista, na Soviet ugboro - a petty ukara na dị iche iche oru. All nwa-elekọta dina n'ubu nke ndị nne. Boy gua grandnephew nke ama ọkpụ Marc Antokolsky, nke ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ Pavlov ẹmen nka ike. N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na ndị ezinụlọ ha na ndị Juu na mgbọrọgwụ, na ndụ nke na-ede uri na mba na-egwuri enweghị òkè.

nwata

Nwata Paul Antokolsky ẹkenịmde ke St. Petersburg, na mgbe ọ bụ 8 afọ, ezinụlọ ha kwagara Moscow. Main omume ntụrụndụ nwata, na okwu nke Antokolsky e eru na acha pencils na watercolors. Ya mmasị isiokwu bụ onyinyo nke a isi - atụ maka 'Ruslan na Lyudmila' A. S. Pushkina. Mgbe e mesịrị, e nwere a abụọ mmasị isiokwu - oyiyi Ivana Groznogo, nke yiri a oyiyi nke nna nna ya Antokolsky. Akpụ akpụ na Moscow nwata chetara ọma: mgbe nwayọọ na ebube Petersburg O gosiri ya ndị stocky, oké ụzụ na unyi. Ma ọ nwayọọ nwayọọ agba nkịtị na Moscow na malitere na-ewere ya dị n'obodo ya. The mgbanwe nke 1905 na-anọgide doro anya echiche na ebe nchekwa nke nwa na-enweghị, ndị mmegide nke ndị mmadụ na ndị ọchịchị ga-emecha bụrụ otu n'ime isiokwu nke ya reflections.

mmụta

Paul Antokolsky na-amụ na Moscow High School, na-agụsị n'afọ 1914. Learning dị mfe maka ya, ma site na obere ịnụ ọkụ n'obi. A afọ mgbe ọ gụchara akwụkwọ kọleji, Paul banyere Moscow State University, Faculty of Iwu. Ugbua na afọ mbụ ọ hụrụ na corridors nke Moscow State University na akpaetu ụlọ mara ọkwa nke a set na Student Drama Studio n'okpuru nduzi nke Moscow Art Ụlọ ihe nkiri-eme ihe nkiri site na oge malitere ọzọ ndụ Antokolsky. The ugboro ndị jupụtara n'ọgba aghara, na n'ụzọ ụfọdụ Paul nwayọọ nwayọọ hapụrụ ya mahadum ọmụmụ, mbụ ka o wee na-arụ ọrụ na revolutionary agha, ma n'ikpeazụ maka studio, nke na-aghọ esiwanye dị ya mkpa.

nkiri

Ụlọ ihe nkiri studio MSU ada mgbe nta mara director Yevgeny Vakhtangov bụ ya na iti Paul Antokolsky. Ya biography gbanwere n'ụzọ dị ịrịba ama na biakwa obibia nke ụlọ ihe nkiri, mbụ Pọl gbalịrị aka ya na-eme craft, ma ya talent bụ ezughị. N'oge afọ atọ nke ọmụmụ na studio, nke ghọọ a "ihe nkiri ndị mmadụ" Antokolsky gbalịrị onwe ya niile kwere omume egwuregwu Ọrụ, si a idaha editọ director na screenwriter. N'ihi na studio, o dere, atọ ejije, nke gụnyere "bebi Infanta" na "Betrothal ná nrọ." Na 1919, ọ na-akpali pụọ Vakhtangov, ma na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ na Moscow nkiri ebe ruo n'etiti 30 eme director. Mgbe e mesịrị, ọ laghachiri ihe nkiri Vakhtangov, ya na ya na-arụ ọrụ na mmepe nke ụlọ ahụ na Arbat. Mgbe ọnwụ nke oké nchoputa nke nkiri Antokolsky onwe ya na na mmekota na ndị ọzọ nduzi na-etinye na ejije. Na-eme ihe nkiri Vahtangova Pavel Grigorevich aga na tour na Sweden, Germany na France. Ndị a njem nyeere ya aka ịmụta ihe ndị ọzọ banyere ụwa na onwe ya, ọ bụ ndị ọzọ maara nke ya onwe ya bụ a Soviet mmadụ. Mgbe e mesịrị amụta ndị a njem ga-gụnyere amaokwu, akpan akpan, n'akwụkwọ nke "West". Ụlọ ihe nkiri mgbe nọgidere otu ihe dị mkpa banyere ndụ maka Antokolsky ọbụna mgbe ọ họọrọ a dị iche iche ụzọ.

uri

Ya mbụ poems Pavel Antokolsky ede ya-eto eto, ma kpọrọ a na-arụ ọ bụ. Na 1920 ọ na-akpụ akpụ nso a ìgwè nke Moscow dere bụ ndị gbakọtara na kafe na-ede uri na Tverskaya Street. E nwere nzukọ ya na Antokolsky Bryusov, onye mmasị uri novice na-ede akwụkwọ, na na 1921, o bipụtara ya mbụ ọrụ. Bryusov bụghị naanị ihe ịrịba ama na-ede uri, ma magburu onwe nhazi, n'okpuru idu ndú ya, ghọrọ usoro uri edemede nzukọ na Mọsko, nke bụ nnọọ uru n'ihi na-eto eto na Antokolsky. N'ebe a, o na-achịkọta nkà ma kwere na ya ọhụrụ ozi. The n'oge ọrụ nke na-ede uri jupụtara romance na ahuhu maka nkiri. Ka ihe atụ, abụ "Fransua Viyon" na collection "Characters" na-enye nrọ na mmetụta uche nke nkiri. Ma jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ enweta lyrics Antokolsky obodo ụda. Nke nta nke nta okè, enwetara ya style na thematic-elekwasị anya nke na-ede akwụkwọ.

N'ụbọchị nke Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya Pavel Antokolsky n'okpuru ihe ngwa isonye nke Communist Party, site na oge on, o kwuru, a ndụ ọhụrụ. The egwu nke agha na-pushing na pen nke na-ede uri, ọ na-ede a otutu ndị a afọ. Ke adianade uri, ọ na-emepụta osise, na-arụ ọrụ dị ka a agha mmekorita, aga n'ihu na a otu nke-eme ihe nkiri na dị ka a nta akụkọ. Mgbe agha Antokolsky-aga n'ihu na-ede maka mmadụ mkpa isiokwu a, e nwere akwụkwọ nke poems, "The ike nke Vietnam", "The uri na Time", "The Akụkọ nke gara Years", nke ghọrọ a nlereanya nke obodo Soviet uri.

okike nketa

N'oge ya ogologo okike ndụ, Paul Antokolsky onye foto bụ ihe ọ bụla akwụkwọ nkà ihe ọmụma nke Soviet akwụkwọ, ka e dere itoolu akwụkwọ nke uri, ụfọdụ poems na bipụtara anọ ịnakọta nke isiokwu. Onye ọ bụla akwụkwọ nke na-ede uri - ọ bụ otu ihe na-arụ ọrụ, imbued na oké mmetụta na echiche nke na-ede akwụkwọ. The kasị ama e kere eke bụ Antokolsky uri "Ọkpara", dere banyere ndị siri ọnwụ nke onye ahụ nwụrụ anwụ na n'ihu nwa ya nwoke. The uri emewo ka mba ama na-ede uri na Stalin Nrite. Undoubted mmasị bụ ọrụ e dere n'okpuru nduzi nke French revolutionary spirit: a uri of Fransua Viyone, na mmekota, na uri "Robespierre na Gorgon", "sans-culottes". Ikpeazụ collection of poems, "The End nke Century" bipụtara na 1977 na bụ ụdị na-achịkọta ihe nke ndụ ga esi.

nsụgharị

Paul Antokolsky kasị nke okike ya ndụ ewepụtara translation ọrụ. Ọbụna na nkera nke abụọ nke 30s Antokolsky eleta nwanne mba - Armenia, Azerbaijan na Georgia - ma nwere mmasị na ha omenala. Mgbe ahụ malitere ọrụ ya ịsụgharị mba uri nke mba ndị a n'ime Russian asụsụ. Karịsịa, ọ na-emekwa ụfọdụ na translation na 60s na 70s. Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ nke Georgian, Ukrainian, Armenian na Azerbaijani-ede uri, ọ na-adọba a otutu French akwụkwọ. Na ya translation nke ọdịda collections "obodo uri of France", "Site Bernazhe ka Eluard" isi anthology "Narị afọ abụọ nke uri na France."

Personal ndụ

The na-ede uri biri nnọọ ọgaranya na ogologo ndụ. Ọ bụ a enyi ibe dị ka Marina Tsvetaeva, K. Smionov, E. Dolmatovsky, Tikhonov, V. Kataev. Antokolsky lụrụ ugboro abụọ. First nwunye - Natalia Shcheglova - mụrụ nwa-ya nwayi Natalia na nwa Vladimir, bụ onye nwụrụ na 1942, na n'ihu. Ọ mesịrị ghọọ a na-ese na-lụrụ di na nwunye na-ede uri Leon Toom. Antokolsky nwa nwa Andrew ghọọ prọfesọ physics, na-arụ ọrụ na Brazil. Nwunye nke abụọ - Zoya Konstantinovna Bazhanova - bụ onye na-ese, ma ndụ ya nile raara onwe ha nye ozi nke di ya. Paul Antokolsky, nwunye ya, na ụmụ ụmụ mgbe e jikọtara ya na isi ihe kpatara nke ndụ ya - uri. The ụlọ a n'ezie òtù nzuzo nke Master. Ná ngwụsị nke ndụ Antokolsky hapụrụ nanị, nwunye ya nwụrụ, ndị enyi m nwere a ndụ. Ọ nọrọ ihe ka ukwuu n'oge ya na mba. Na-ede uri nwụrụ October 9, 1978, ọ na-eli na-eli ozu na Moscow Vostryakovsky.