Ruby laser: ụkpụrụ nke ime ihe

The mbụ lasers pụtara a ole na ole ọtụtụ iri afọ gara aga, na nke a nke na-akpụ akpụ ndị kasị ibu na ụlọ ọrụ ndị taa. Developers-niile ọhụrụ àgwà ngwá, ikwe ọrụ rụọ ọrụ nke ọma tinye ya na omume.

Solid-ala laser rubi na-adịghị na-ewere otu nke kasị elu ngwaọrụ nke ụdị, ma n'ihi na ya niile mmejọ, ọ ka hụrụ niche na-arụ ọrụ.

Isi

Ruby lasers na-nkewa dị ka ihe siri ike-ala ngwaọrụ. E jiri ya tụnyere chemical na gas analogues ha nwere a obere elu ikike. Nke a na-kọwara dị iche na e ji mara ndị ọcha site nke radieshon na-nyere. Dị ka ihe atụ, otu chemical lasers ike nke na-akpụ a luminous agbanwe oge mmepụta nke ọtụtụ narị kilowatts. N'etiti atụmatụ na ịmata ihe dị iche rubi laser, lee elu ogo monochromaticity na coherence nke radieshon. Ọzọkwa, ụfọdụ ụdị inye ihe mụbara ịta nke ìhè ike na ohere, nke bụ iji na-eduzi anọ na site kpo oku nke plasma doo ya.

Dị ka aha na-egosi, dị ka a laser ifịk ajụ eme rubi crystal ọkọnọ n'ụdị a cylinder. Mgbe a na-agwụ mkpara na-egbu maramara na a n'ụzọ pụrụ iche. Iji rubi laser pụrụ inye karịa omume radieshon ike maka ya, na n'akụkụ nke crystal esichara ruo mgbe ọ esịmde ụgbọelu-ukem ọnọdụ ikwu ọ bụla ọzọ. N'otu oge ahụ, na nsọtụ ga-perpendicular na axis nke mmewere. Mgbe ụfọdụ, na nsọtụ projecting dịtụ enyo n'ihu kpuchie a dielectric film ma ọ bụ a silver oyi akwa.

Ngwa rubi lasers

The ngwá mejupụtara a resonator ulo, na onye ike isi iyi, nke excites ndị atọm nke crystal. The xenon flash oriọna ike ga-eji dị ka flash activator. The ìhè isi bụ ndokwa tinyere otu axis nke resonator enwe a cylindrical udi. Nke ọzọ axis rubi mmewere dị. Eji 2-25 cm ogologo mkpara.

Resonator nta niile nke ìhè si oriọna na-eduzi na na crystal. Ọ ga-kwuru na na elu okpomọkụ, nke na-achọrọ maka ngwa anya pumping nke crystal, na-enwe ike na-arụ ọrụ, ọ bụghị ihe niile xenon oriọna. N'ihi nke a, a rubi laser ngwaọrụ, nke na-emi esịnede nke ìhè na isi mmalite na ndabere nke xenon, gbakọọ na a na-aga n'ihu mode nke ọrụ, nke a na-akpọ a usu. Na-akwanyere ndị na mkpanaka, ọ na-emekarị mere nke wuru sapphire nke nwere ike kwesịrịnụ gbanwetụrụ site arụmọrụ chọrọ ka laser.

Ụkpụrụ nke ime ihe nke laser

Mgbe rụọ ọrụ na ngwaọrụ site gụnyere oriọna inversion mmetụta emee na-amụba na ọkwa nke chromium ion na crystal, dapụtara na-abawanye nke na nnukwu-amalite na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke-enwupụta photons. Mgbe nke a pụtara na resonator nzaghachi nye site na mirror na-ebupụta na nsọtụ nke siri ike isi. N'ihi ya, ọ a uche mmepụta iyi.

The usu oge, na-emekarị adịghị aka 0,0001 na na mkpumkpu oge nke edinam tụnyere a Neon flash. Pulsed laser ume bụ rubi 1 J. Dị na ikpe nke gas ngwaọrụ, ụkpụrụ nke na-ewu nke a rubi laser na nzaghachi mmetụta. Nke a pụtara na osisi ike nke ìhè agbanwe oge na-amalite na-nọgidere na-enwe site na enyo, mmekọrịta na ihe ngwa anya resonator.

Ụdịdị nke ime nke laser

N'ọnọdụ ka ukwuu, a rubi laser mkpanaka eji na kwuru akpụ mode pulses kwa millisecond ịdị ukwuu. Iji nweta ihe a ogologo oge ọrụ technology enwekwu ike nke ngwa anya pumping. Nke a na-eme site n'iji elu-ike pulsed oriọna. Ebe ọ bụ na ubi usu ịrị elu n'ihi na oge nke na-akpụ electric ụgwọ na flash tube, ji ewepụghị, rubi laser ọrụ na-amalite na a ụfọdụ oge mgbe ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nọ n'ọrụ ọcha karịa ndị fọrọ uru.

Mgbe ụfọdụ, e nwere breakdowns na usu emana. Dị otú ahụ phenomena na-hụrụ na mgbe etiti oge mgbe ẹsụhọde ike udu, ya bụ, mgbe ike ike dara n'okpuru nbata-uzọ. The rubi laser ike theoretically rụọ ọrụ na a na-aga n'ihu mode, ma nke a na ime ihe na-achọ a haziri nke ọzọ dị ike oriọna. N'ezie, na nke a, na mmepe na-eche otu nsogbu ndị dị ka ihe e kere eke nke gas lasers - enweghị ezi uche ngwa mmewere isi na mma e ji mara na dị ka a N'ihi ya, ndị mmachi ngwaọrụ ike.

ụdị

The uru nke nzaghachi mmetụta n'ụzọ kasị doo anya na-egosipụta n'ụzọ lasers na nonresonant njikọ. N'ọnọdụ dị otú aghụghọ, ọzọ diffusing mmewere na-etinyere, nke na-enye ohere ka emit a na-aga n'ihu ugboro ụdịdị dị iche iche. Na-eji rubi laser na a Q-Switched - abụọ mkpọ na-gụnyere ke ya Ọdịdị, mma na uncooled. The okpomọkụ dị iche na-enye ohere guzobe abụọ laser ibé, nke na-ekewa site a wavelength na angstroms. Ndị a ụzarị enwu pulsed orùrù, na n'akuku kpụrụ akpụ site na Vektọ nke dị iche iche obere uru.

Ebe eji rubi laser?

Dị otú ahụ lasers na-ji ala arụmọrụ, ma dị iche iche thermal eguzogide. Na àgwà ndị bụ n'ihi nduzi nke bara uru iji lasers. Taa ka ha na-eji ihe e kere eke nke holography, na ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-achọ elu-nkenke punching ịrụ arụmọrụ oghere. Otú ahụ na ngwaọrụ na-eji ịgbado ọkụ arụmọrụ. Ka ihe atụ, ke imewe nke kọmputa usoro maka lọjistik nke satellite na nkwukọrịta. Na nkà mmụta ọgwụ, na-achọta ya ụzọ rubi laser. The ojiji nke nkà na ụzụ na ụlọ ọrụ ọzọ n'ihi na o na-elu-nkenke nhazi. Dị otú ahụ lasers na-eji dị ka a dochie anya akpali mmasị scalpels na ịrụ microsurgical arụmọrụ.

ọgwụgwụ

Ruby laser na ifịk ajụ mgbe oge ruru ghọrọ ndị mbụ na-agba ọsọ nke ụdị usoro. Ma na mmepe nke ọzọ ngwaọrụ na gas na chemical excipients ọ bịara doo anya na ya ịrụ ọrụ nwere ọtụtụ drawbacks. Ma nke ahụ bụ bụghị banyere eziokwu ahụ bụ na rubi laser bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị sie ike na okwu nke n'ichepụta. Na-amụba ya workability na ụba chọrọ ọcha emejupụta Ọdịdị. Ntem, mmepụta na-eri na-abawanye na ngwaọrụ. Otú ọ dị, na mmepe nke laser ụdị na rubi crystal ka ya isi ejikọrọ, gụnyere ndị ọzọ, na pụrụ iche àgwà nke a siri ike-ala-arụsi ọrụ ike na-ajụ.