Russian nzuzo ọrụ na ha akụkọ ihe mere eme

Ha na-fọrọ nke nta mgbe anọgide na onyinyo, ma ndị a ezigbo ọrụ. Na-arụ ọrụ a bụ kpọmkwem dabere na akara aka nke ala. Russian pụrụ iche ọrụ - ngwá nke ike, na onye ikpe, ndị ikpe, ndị agha, nke na-egosiputa iwu nke ala na ime ihe na-amasị onye State. N'ihi ya, ọ bụ mgbe niile ma na-eguzogide niile na-ekwu.

History of pụrụ iche ọrụ na-aga, ikekwe, n'oge ochie, n'oge a na mgbe Russia nledo goro maka onwe ha. Mgbe ahụ, wee mbụ mata ụlọ ọrụ, agha na ọgụgụ isi. Site n'ụzọ, na logo ndị a ozu bụ a ụsụ. Reports uchu na-eji maka mkpebi banyere raids na ndị agbata obi ochie Russian isi, n'ihi na omume nke agha mmeri.
Eze, na Russian pụrụ iche ọrụ e dere na ọchịchị Tsar Alexis na 1649. Ilekọta banyere nchekwa, ọ bụ iji chọpụta ala-mụrụ na-eje ozi na ya onwe ya ọrụ. Na 1654g. ọ na-akpọ a na nzuzo iji, nke ọrụ nwere ikike pụrụ iche. Mgbe ọnwụ nke eze disbanded, ikpe kpọfere nnọchiteanya iji. Order ugbu a na-akọ naanị eze, soro onye-isi ihe omume, nnọchiteanya, ụlọ ọrụ gọọmenti na-ọgụgụ isi na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Russian pụrụ iche ọrụ ndị ahụ ka dị nnọọ adịghị ike, ma ndị mbụ nzọụkwụ nke ala na mmepe ha e mere.

Mgbe mgbanwe nke Peter m enwere a mgbe ndị uwe ojii, Interior Ministry (nke nrubeisi ama-arahụ oge uwe ojii owuwu), na site na mmalite nke iri abụọ na narị afọ. Police kewara gendarme, asị, ọchịchị na arụmọrụ-search.
The saịtị ndị na isi obodo na isi obodo, n'aka, kewara obi ebe ndị uwe ojii nọ n'ọrụ. The ógbè ndị mills na-aghọ ndị uwe ojii. Ke obodo ndị uwe ojii na ọrụ rụrụ obodo nche. Na 1903. iji wusie ndị uwe ojii asị uwe ojii nche e kere, dabere ígwè ịnyịnya uwe ojii nkeji.

Police Department, tinyere mata ngalaba ọrụ rụrụ ịkpa nchọpụta.
The Gendarmerie bụ onye kasị dị ike. Agha nke uwe ojii (onye, kere 1827.) A sị na a agha nzukọ n'ihe nile (so, akụ na ụba, nhazi) ma kọọrọ ozugbo na Ministry of Defense, na 1880 a akụkụ nke Ministry nke esịtidem Affairs.

Fast atụ nke iri na itoolu na narị afọ. Mgbe ndị October mgbanwe nke Russia mkpa iji hụ na nchebe nke ndị gbasara ya ka nwere ihe ọmụma banyere onye iro na-nzuzo-ya atụmatụ.
Ọ na-e kpebiri ike otu nọọrọ onwe ha ọrụ nke Cheka - OGPU, na ozu nke nkeji nke KGB na ndị agha, na-ekwe omume nke onwe ha mkpebi ọgụgụ isi na counterintelligence aga-eme, ma isi ihe mgbaru ọsọ bụ na-alụ ọgụ megide counter-revolutionary ije. Mgbe ahụ Russian pụrụ iche ọrụ ọtụtụ ugboro gbanwere aha ya. 1920. - na Cheka n'okpuru RSFSR NKVD.

1941, February - na reorganization nke nche ọrụ ọzọ NKVD kewara Commissariats. Otu n'ime ha - na Interior, nke abụọ - na steeti. nche. Russian nche ọrụ nweta onwe.

. 1941, July - NKGB na NKVD jikọtara na otu, holistic NKVD.

1943 - kere GU counterintelligence "Smersh" ma na-aga n'okpuru aka nke Ndị mmadụ Commissariat.

Mgbe agha, e nwere ihe ọzọ reorganization.
. 1946, March - kere MGB, ọrụ ya - ọgụgụ isi na counterintelligence. Ma n'ime obodo ahụ ma ná mpụga, gburugburu ụwa.

. 1954, March - e kere eke nke a ọhụrụ ahu - nke KGB (ọgụgụ isi, counterintelligence), kere ruo ida nke USSR.

1991. - ọzọ reorganization. KGB etịbede elu n'ime iche iche ọrụ: ókè-ala, ala nchedo, ọchịchị nkwukọrịta, counter-ọgụgụ isi, na ọgụgụ isi.

Otu afọ tupu reorganization nke Soviet Union-abanye Interpol. Na September 1993, Russia, dị ka nke nọchiri abatakwa n'ime n'ohu ahụ ICPO-Interpol.
A ọnwa ole na ole NCBs nweta ahụmahụ, nyochasiri ya na-emepụta Russian pụrụ iche ọrụ na-adị taa.