Sergey Alexeev, "History serf okoro": nchịkọta

Dị ka a maara, na Russian Alaeze Ukwu ruo ọtụtụ narị afọ, e nwere a onu analogous ka ohu. Ọ na-akpọ serfdom. Na nke a ebe e wusiri ike bụ mmadụ nkịtị ndị dị adịghị kechioma a mụọ nwoke onye oru ugbo ezinụlọ.

A maara nke ọma bụ onye so dee Sergey Alekseev ewepụtara a n'isiokwu akụkọ ya "History serf nwata." Nchịkọta nke ọrụ ka chọta na-agụ biography nke ya na Onye Okike.

Russian dere Alekseev

Sergey Petrovich Alekseev ọtụtụ ná ndụ ya ewepụtara ede ụmụ na akụkọ ihe mere akwụkwọ. Ihe ijuanya, n'ihi na a mụrụ ya na ọgụgụ isi ezinụlọ doctorate (1922).

N'ihi na eziokwu na ya na nna ya a na-eme n'ime obodo nke Pliska Kiev ógbè (taa ọ bụ ókèala Ukraine), ọdịnihu dere kemgbe ha bụ nwata na-ekwurịta okwu na ndị nkịtị, ọ bụghị site asịrị mara banyere ha ihe isi ike.

Mgbe Alexeyev tụgharịa 10, ndị mụrụ ya kwagara Moscow, ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị. Oké Ọchịchọ nwa okorobịa chọsiri ike ịbụ a pilot, nke banyere ụgbọelu akwụkwọ nke obodo itinye (ugbu a ókèala Belarus) na 1940

Ebe ọ bụ na mmalite nke Great Ịhụ Mba n'Anya Sergey Alexeev, tinyere ndị ọzọ cadets a kpọfere Orenburg efe School. Ibi Orenburg, Alexeyev bịara nwee mmasị na akụkọ ihe mere eme na ihe yiri na ụlọ akwụkwọ ghọrọ aku mgbede ọmụmụ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme ngalaba nke obodo nkụzi na mahadum.

Mgbe ha gụsịrị akwụkwọ, bụ nwa nwoke wee malite izi ya. Otú ọ dị, n'ihi ihe ọjọọ ẹkama ke ini a ọzụzụ ụgbọ elu, ọ na-adịghị anya na-amanye na-ahapụ Aeronautics na malitere ede.

Na mbụ, ọdịnihu dere ya na edezi ndị ọzọ na-arụ ọrụ, na na 1955 malitere na-ebipụta ha. Ọrụ ya e ọdịda ọtụtụ enọ (State Nrite nke USSR, Lenin Komsomol Nrite, ubre G. H. Andersena), na sụgharịa 50 asụsụ.

Isiokwu bụ isi nke creativity Sergeya Alekseeva bụ agha akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Russian Alaeze Ukwu site n'etiti afọ XVI na narị afọ.

The kasị ama akwụkwọ nke a na-ede - "Otu Narị Stories of Russian akụkọ ihe mere eme", "The Great aha", "History serf nwata" (a nchịkọta nke isi na VI - IX isi), "ifo nke Suvorov na Russian agha" na ndị ọzọ.

Sergey Petrovich akpa ke May 2008 na afọ 86 na afọ. Ili ya bụ na-eli ozu nke Peredelkino, ebe taa connoisseurs nwere ike dina okooko osisi.

Akụkọ "History serf nwata"

Na-arụ ọrụ nke Alekseev mgbe ihe ndị mere eme na-egosi site na ụmụ uzọ. Ka ihe atụ, n'akwụkwọ bụ "The Life na Ọnwụ Grishatki Sokolova" na-agwa banyere Pugachev nsogbu gafee nwata akụkọ, na-akụkụ na ya.

Otú ọ dị, ihe ndị kasị dị ịrịba akụkọ nke ụdị bụ "History serf nwata" (nchịkọta - na VI - IX isi).

First bipụtara nke a na-arụ ọrụ bụ na 1958 na akara ntoputa nke a ọhụrụ edemede na ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere na ụmụ akwụkwọ.

Ọdịdị nke akụkọ

Nke a akwụkwọ mejupụtara isi anọ. Onye ọ bụla n'ime ha na-akọwa a oge nke ọnụnọ nke protagonist ọzọ ọbịa. N'ihi ya ọ bụla nke isi-ekewa n'ime ọtụtụ akụkụ: "Goody moo Ermolaevna" (7) "Dasha" (12) "Nche Lieutenant" (8) "Good ukwu" (7).

Background akụkọ

Tupu ị na-atụle a nchịkọta nke akwụkwọ "History serf okoro" uru maara banyere akụkọ ihe mere eme oge mgbe niile ihe ime.

The etiti oge nwere ike ịbụ nanị oge nke mbubreyo 80 - n'oge 90-ies. XVIII narị afọ. Nke a na-ìhè site n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na Mitya Myshkin osobo na mbụ na-enupu isi agha nke Emelyana Pugacheva, nakwa dị ka a oké agha ndú Aleksandrom Suvorovym na kpọọ nke Ishmael. Tupu ekpochapụ serfdom (1861) maka banyere 70 afọ, nke pụtara ohu nke Imperial Russia (sonso weturu obi mgbe Pugachev) bụghị naanị anaghị nnukwu ụlọ dị ka otu ndị, ma na-emeso ha na ubara ntaramahụhụ. Dịcha, bụ nke a mere nke a mgbe a họọrọ Alexeyev, gosi niile árú serfdom.

Protagonist nke akwụkwọ

Tupu mara onwe ha na a kọwara ná mkpirikpi akụkọ "History serf okoro" uru na-achọta ihe banyere ya isi agwa.

The ibé na-elekwasị anya akara aka nke iri afọ eyen aha ya bụ Dmitriy (Mitya) Myshkin obodo Zakopanka. N'agbanyeghị na ya na-eto eto afọ na enweghị akwụkwọ, ọ bụ ọgụgụ isi, akọ na obi ike. N'otu oge nwa okoro a heightened echiche nke ùgwù na ikpe ziri ezi. Ọ dị njikere inyere ndị ọ hụrụ n'anya mmadụ, ọbụna na ihe ize ndụ nke ndụ ha.

Oge ọ bụla, na-aga ka a ọhụrụ ukwu, ọ na-evolving, na-amụta site mejọrọ n'oge gara aga. N'ihi na nke a na nke ikpeazụ n'isiakwụkwọ Mitya n'ezie ama-ahọrọ a home otu.

Ọ bụ uru na-arịba ama Chineke, nke bụ ike nke na a nwata. Ya mere, ke usiene ọnwụ nke enyi ya nwanyị Dasha, ọ na-agbakwa ndụ na nke a ikpe. A bonding n'elu Vyazemsky onyeisi ha, nwa okoro akwusila ya site n'ọgbọ agha. Otú ọ dị, mgbe onye na-agbaji ya okwu na Man tụfuru obi ọjọọ na ezigbo enyi, Myshkin shamelessly achụpụ usu.

Na ihe a nile, n'agbanyeghị na ya obi ike na arụsi ọrụ Mitya anọgide a nwa, rọrọ nke na-alọghachi ndị mụrụ ya. Ma nke ikpeazụ akụkọ Myshkin amama n'ime a ụdị nwere Pugacheva, na-aghọta na mma agha na-eme eme.

"History serf okoro": a nchịkọta nke isi "The nwaanyị moo Ermolaevna"

Ná mmalite nke akwụkwọ Mitya - obi ụtọ gbasaghị nwa, bụghị ghọtara ihe ọ pụtara ịbụ a serf. Atụghị anya ozi ọma ya na-aghọ ihe nne ya na nna chụpụrụ ere.

N'ihi na eziokwu na auction wee ebe na n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ (mgbe nnukwu ụlọ a na-karịsịa jiri kpọrọ ihe), onye nke Zakopane na-adịghị zụrụ. Otú ọ dị, tupu ọgwụgwụ nke ngosi ochie nwaanyị nwere ya anya na nwa okoro, o bargained 3 rubles.

New ukwu, nwaanyị di ya nwụrụ nke otu onyeisi ndị agha, dị nnọọ ogbenye. The naanị isi iyi nke ego bụ ezumike nká ya maka di ya. Otú ọ dị, ego dị na ya sonso iji na-a obere obere ụlọ on 3 bedrooms, a n'ọba, a wụsịrị na a bath.

Ke adianade Miti, na onye nnabata ka 2 serfs: Barbara na Arkhip.

Anyị bi na ala na ụlọ Moors Ermolaevna ogbenye na-agwụ ike. The isi mma nke nwanyị a ọjọọ ohu on Saturday. E mere nke a abụghị maka ọrụ, na ịtụ. The nwa mere na-amasị àgwà a, na na mgbalị iji chebe onwe ya na ndị ọzọ, ọ na-etinye ụtarị.

The nwata ekwupụtaara ebe ha bụ, nwanyị na-etinye ya na Gusyatnikov. Egwu, Mitya mmadụ na mberede gburu otu n'ime geese. N'oge ọjọọ a, ekaufọk pịa ya mgbe hụrụ mkpara.

Mgbe e mesịrị ndụ Myshkin na-aka njọ, n'ihi ya, kpebiri iji na-agba ọsọ.

Nchịkọta nke nchụàjà "The History serf okoro": Isi nke Abụọ ( "Dasha")

Na-esote umeala onwunwe Mitya nwaanyị awade dara oké ọnụ Novgorod ala na ụlọ nke agụ Alekseya Guschina (Barabiha). Nke a nobleman pụtara mgbe mgbe, ya mere ọ fọrọ nke nta oge niile na ala na ụlọ tucked ya German manager Franz-Neumann.

Ozugbo ọnụ ka choro si management iji kwadebe a serf eti egwú na-eme ihe ngosi maka New Year. Neumann malitere izukọta nkịtị ewekarị akpọ music ofụri asị. Ozugbo o nwere ohere ịnụ otú Mitya (onye site mgbe e kenyere ya na-ata nri geese) arụ ọjà. Ịchọpụta talent Ihọd Franz zụta ya na Moors Ermolaevna 2 akpa nke oat na ndị agadi nku bed.

Estate na Barabihe dị ukwuu. E biri a otutu nke serfs, na àgwà kwupụta ha bụ ọtụtụ ugboro mma karịa nke mbụ nwe. Nke nta nke nta, na nwa na-enweghị-eji na mere enyi na a na-eto eto na-ese aha ya bụ Dasha.

N'agbanyeghị ihe ọma niile Mitya gawara na-agba ọsọ. Ọ egburu zitere achụ nke egwu ogbi huntsman Fyodor. Otú ọ dị, ọ na-enyeghị ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ Germany, na ruo ogologo oge na-ezo ya na ya ulo nkita. N'oge na-adịghị, nwa okoro mere ka enyi na a nwoke na mụtara na asụsụ na wetara n'ihi òkè Pugachev.

Mgbe Myshkin Franz hụrụ, Ihọd n'ezie nwetara. Ma, ọ bịara Dasha na Fedor.

Ọ bụ nso na New Year, na-eme ihe nkiri bụ a uwe ịlụ. Dasha keere òkè bụ isi na mmadụ na mberede dara. Manager chọrọ iti ya, ma Mitya guzoro ọtọ. Ịgbanahụ iwe nke ndị Germany, umu jumped n'ime oyi. Yi a ìhè egwuregwu uwe nwa agbọghọ nwere a oyi na ụbọchị ole na ole ka e mesịrị nwụọ si ọrịa.

-Achọ imegwara ya, Mitya oku ogbugba ụlọ nke Germany bi. Yard na-karịsịa na-agbalị ịzọpụta manager na ndị gbalịrị kwụsịrị ogbi Fedor, onye na-ezighị na-atụle onye malitere a ọkụ.

Myshkin otu uru ọnọdụ, ọ na-agba ọsọ pụọ.

"-Eche ha nche Lieutenant"

Ebe weere nchịkọta nke "History serf okoro" nke mbụ na nke abụọ isi, ọ dị mkpa ịmata: ihe bụ nke atọ.

Ozugbo n'okporo ụzọ mgbe ụzọ mgbapụ, na protagonist fọrọ nke nta froze ọnwụ - mgbe niile oyi. Ọ na-azọpụta site na a agafe mara. Ọ chọrọ enyefe onye gbara ọsọ ndụ, ma Mitya bụ ike merie n'elu agha, na ọ hapụrụ nwa okorobịa n'ụlọ.

The ọhụrụ nwe, Aleksandr Vasilevich Vyazemsky, bụ a onyeisi nke Imperial Life-eche ha nche ndi agha. Nwa ahụ bụ ya n'usoro, na nnọọ mmasị ya.

N'ihi duel Vyazemsky gara agha na Turks. Na-atụ egwu maka ndụ nke na-eto eto ka ohu, ọ chọrọ ịhapụ ya na ya ala na ụlọ, ma Mitya kpebiri ịnọgide na nna ya ukwu.

Soro na agha maka kpọọ nke Ishmael, a na-eto eto mara gosipụtara obi ike, ma e merụrụ ahụ na fọrọ nke nta nwụrụ. Ọ dabara nke ọma, Myshkin mere ụzọ ya n'ọgbọ agha, na wetara onye emeruru aru ukwu. Nke a bụ ghọtara na ọdịda ya Suvorov-eto eto dike nrite.

Alaghachi St. Petersburg, Vyazemsky ekele maka ịzọpụta kwere na agaghị ere nwa okoro. Ma otu ụbọchị, na-egwu kaadị, bụ onyeisi nke na-etinye Mitya na eto. Nkụda mmụọ okoro ahụ na-eche maka ya pụta nke party gbaa ọsọ.

"Good onyenwe,"

Ịmụta "History serf nwata," a nchịkọta nke atọ isi, ọ bụ oge chepụta ihe biri akwụkwọ a.

Mgbe agbapụ Myshkin okoyo site na isi obodo na search nri. Na ahịa ọ gbara ọsọ n'ime a serf nke Zakopanki - akụkụ Sawa. O kpugheere na mbụ nwe wee odida na rere anya fọrọ nke nta niile ọrụ ugbo na ala. The nwa nne na nna na-now ekesịpde General Yusupov, onye a maara nke ọma iwe iwe ọkụ.

Sawa kpọọrọ nwa okoro ahụ ka nna ya na nne, bụ onye chere na ya nwụrụ anwụ.

The ọhụrụ nwe nke ọnyá na isi, e nwere ụfọdụ nsogbu na psyche. Ya mere nwa okoro a na mgbe nile na-amanye ka ha na-egwu aru egwuregwu na-eme ka hà na a agha, mgbe ahụ, a nwunye eze. N'agbanyeghị nke a, ndụ bụ ihe ọma Meath.

A afọ mgbe e mesịrị, na nwa amadi chere na ahụ amịpụtaghị elu akwụkwọ maka zuo nke Myshkin na zitere ya na-elekọta ụlọ na agụ Goushchin. Site n'ebe ahụ, ndị agha bịara ijide nwa okoro maka oku ogbugba. N'ịghọta na ihe ọma bụ adịghị n'elu ha, nwa okoro gbagara usu otu.

The nke nke akụkọ

Mgbe agụ kọwara ná mkpirikpi "The History serf nwata," Alexeyev, ọ dị mma ịtụle nsogbu ndị ọrụ.

Nke mbụ, na-ede akwụkwọ na-agbalị na-egosi mmeso ọjọọ nke serfdom na bestial àgwà ndị nkịtị si nna ha ukwu.

Ke adianade do, akụkọ bụ doro anya na anya na-elekọta mmadụ ọdịiche dị n'etiti ndị ọgaranya na ndị ogbenye nwe ala. Na-ede na-agwa otú idiọk dara ogbenye nwe ala recoup ha serfs. Ya mere moo Ermolaevna kwa izu pịara ndị ohu, na mbụ nwe Miti-enweghị ụta na-ere ndị nkịtị, ọ bụghị egwu ikewapụ ezinụlọ.

Ọ dịghị obere n'ụzọ doro anya na-egosi na obi ọjọọ kpasue masịrị. Bụrụ na ndị agadi nwaanyị ahuhu dike maka ya mgbalị gbapụ, na nkụda mmụọ nwe nwa okoro zubere eweda na-akparị ya naanị n'ihi na eziokwu na Mitya bụ a nrite maka obi ike, na ọ na-- dịghị.

Ọzọ merenụ egosi na mmeso ọjọọ gentlemen, bụ akụkọ nke nwe-ọgwụgwọ nke Theodore ( "History serf okoro": a nchịkọta nke abụọ isi).

Ke adianade niile nke dị n'elu, Sergey Alexeev n'akwụkwọ ya na-ekwu na ndị talent na mmesapụ aka na-adịghị adabere na utu aha. The ụzọ ẹkenịmde myirịta dị n'etiti Suvorov na Mitya nke peterburzhskikh mkpara ọrụ atụle upstart. Ma ha abụọ - obi ike na magburu ndị mmadụ, n'agbanyeghị ya kpamkpam magburu malite.

Sergeya Alekseeva akụkọ "History serf nwata" (nchịkọta na VI - IX isi) bụ otu n'ime ihe ọla-Soviet na Russian akwụkwọ. Na-ede ike bụghị nanị na-agwa banyere ndụ kwa ụbọchị nke serfs, kamakwa ime ka ọ na-adọrọ nnọọ mmasị na ọbụna taa si ụmụ akwụkwọ-anọgide na-agụ akwụkwọ a.