Sodium silicate

Silicates (si Latin okwu "silex" na-sụgharịrị dị ka "nkume") na-akpọ metasilicic nnu H2SiO3. Ka ihe atụ, sodium silicate, onye chemical usoro e dere dị ka ndị a: Na2SiO3. Aha ọzọ maka nnu - sodium metasilicate. Ezengwenri uka nke umi nhata 122,06 g / mol. Ọdịdị - ọcha opaque kristal enwe a greenish tinge. Njupụta bụ hà 2.4 g / cm3. Ọcha ji a Refractive index, nke nhata 1,52. Agbaze uche - gbakwunyere 1088 Celsius C. Umi bụ soluble na mmiri na unyi anaghị agbasa na-aba n'anya. The itughari okenye ihe ngwọta nwere ihe pụrụ iche Njirimara: ọ submerged na ọhụrụ nsen nwere ike ịchekwa ruo ọnwa itoolu na ụlọ okpomọkụ. Sodium silicate bụ anụ na-anọpụ iche na alkaline media, na acid anion SiO3- mkpatụ na H + cations etolite silicic acid.

Silica (na-akpọ silica ma ọ bụ silicic anhydride) bụ ndị kasị mụ compound nke pụtara ndammana n'ụdị quartz. Ọ akụkọ ihe 12% nke uka nke Ụwa jikọrọ ọnụ. Silica metọọ adịghị bụ a nkịtị ájá, nke na-kpụrụ mbibi nke oké nkume. N'okpuru ihe nke alkali on silica chemical mmeghachi omume: NaOH + SiO2 → Na2SiO3 + H2O. N'ihi ya, a silicic acid nnu - sodium silicate. Hydrolysis nke nnu (decomposition na mmiri) ndị a atụmatụ: 2Na2SiO3 + H2O → Na2SiO5 + 2NaOH , na sodium dvumetasilikat kpụrụ. Na a ọnụ ke ịta nke solution, hydrolysis emee ukwuu. Na 1N. hydrolyzed ngwọta nke 14% nnu na 0.1N. - 28% ka 0,001% - 32%. Hydrolysis nke sodium dvumetasilikata ama aga-adịghị ike.

Sodium silicate a kpụrụ site na mmekọrịta nke sịlịkọn na alkali: Si + H2O + 2NaOH → Na2SiO3 + 2H2. Dị otú ahụ mmeghachi omume nwere ike ime na-adịghị ike alkalies, na dịkwa nnọọ mfe na mmiri na ọnụnọ nke ọbụna obere ego nke OH- anions ezu metụtara nke alkali amịpụtara si iko. Ebe ọ bụ na sodium metasilicate kpụrụ bụ a nnu nke a na-adịghị ike metasilicic acid, na itughari ngwọta ọ fọrọ nke nta kpamkpam hydrolyzed, ịta nke OH- ion anaghị ibelata n'oge mmeghachi omume, ya mere, ọ na-abịa ala na decomposition nke sịlịkọn mmiri. Ugbu bụ metụtara nke alkali mkpali. Si 0,63 kg sịlịkọn n'ụzọ a na-enwetara 1 m3 nke hydrogen, ebe ígwè ga-achọ fọrọ nke nta 4 ugboro ọzọ.

Na ụlọ ọrụ, dị iche iche na akara ule nke sodium silicate, ji ruru nke SiO2 na Na2O. Ọ nwere ike ịdị iche iche site 2: 1 na 3,75: 1. Cultivars na a ruru nke 2,85: 1 na n'okpuru na-atụle isi. Ndị na a elu ruru na-ji dị ka "na-anọpụ iche." Sodium silicate na ụdị okenye lekwasị ngwọta bụ mmiri mmiri ma ọ bụ soluble iko. Ma tụkwasị na Na2SiO3 ugbu mmiri iko na ndị ọzọ na sodium silicates, Otú ọ dị ya na mbụ mejupụtara kwupụtara nke usoro, nke bụ ndika, Na2O • nSiO2, nke n = 2 ÷ 4. The nwayọọ nwayọọ mkpochapu SiO2 (na-emekarị n'oge ruo ogologo oge nchekwa) na-eduga ná a haze ma ọ bụ waterglass na akakabarede mgbe ụfọdụ gelatinous uka. Ya mere, na laabu na ọ na-enwe na arịa, mechiri emechi na roba stoppers, dị ka cortical ma ọ bụ iko n'olu nke a mkpisi.

Sodium silicate na-eji na mmepụta nke omo ntụ. The kwa afọ nke a wụrụ awụ iko bụ ọtụtụ narị puku tọn. Ọ na-eji na-ewusi ala n'oge na-ewu (e.g., ihe n'ala screed nchedo abrasion), nakwa dị ka ndị ọzọ reagents, dị ka sodium tripolyphosphate, etinyere na ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ (ma salts, e.g., na-eji maka mmiri softening). Impregnation Na2SiO3 ụgbọala ihe okporo ụzọ nke ukwuu ebelata ha na-eyi.

osisi ma ọ bụ ngwaọrụ ndị ọzọ na-echebe megide ọkụ (e.g., ụlọ ma ọ bụ egwuregwu mma). Ọtụtụ mgbe, ọ na-eje ozi dị ka ihe ndabere maka refractory cements ma ọ bụ akwụkwọ gluu. Simple mejupụtara putty adabara bonding poselin na iko. Ha nwere ike na-akwadebe site agwakọta (ka a mgwakota anọgidesi) nzu na mmiri mmiri iko. The ngwakọta ngwa ngwa siri ike na odomo ọcha, na a nnọọ siri ike uka.

Ciment, weere na mmiri mmiri iko, na-eme ngwa-ngwa-ekwesi putty, nke na-eji maka bonding nkume. A ngwakọta nke sodium silicate na sawdust na-eji jupụta mbara n'etiti mgbidi abụọ na ụfọdụ safes. Nke a na-eme ka ha ọzọ ọkụ na-eguzogide ọgwụ, na-ejekwa ozi dị ka ihe ndị ọzọ nchedo oghere site acetylene ọwa ruru arọ anwụrụ ọkụ na-akpali mkpu.