Su-24 bombu e ji mara (foto)

Adịkarịghị a ụgbọelu doro ọzọ ọtụtụ imewe mgbanwe imewe usoro karịa Su-24. Ihe e ji mara nke a n'ihu-akara otu bombu ahịa (Ministry of Defense) bụ mgbe niile choro elu elu, na ụgbọelu na-ugboro ugboro agụgharị bụghị naanị onwe oru ngwọta, ma n'ozuzu Ntụpụta elo kpuchie ya. N'ihi karịa na-atụ anya: ngwaọrụ emewo na ebube na, ebe arahụ site ndụ ya, bụ na ina ọbụna na nke atọ na narị afọ iri.

Dị ọcha ịnụ ọkụ n'obi

ụwa dum bụ na adịgide nke "nchiyo agha" Na fifties. Military theorists chere na ugbo elu dị ka mmetụta ike, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị kpamkpam gharazie ịba uru, mgbe ahụ, N'ezie, n'ezie, ọ dịghị ihe ọzọ, nwere furu efu ha oké mkpa dị mkpa n'oge a agha. Na nkwubi okwu ndị a n'ụzọ zuru ezu na uche ma na-awakpo ugbo elu. Otú ọ dị, nke a bụ nnọọ obi ike na-ekwu abụghị na-akọrọ site niile, na agha ugbo elu mmepe ka na-aga. Dị ka akụkụ nke ego ego CB PO Sukhoi e kwere nkwa ọlụlụ na mmegharị nke ukwuu ọma Su-7 na-enye ya ikike nke ọgụ ọzọ na-akwado ala agha na oghom ọnọdụ ihu igwe. N'ezie, n'okpuru guise nke ọrụ na mgbanwe nke mkpara n'ezie kere nnọọ a ụgbọala ọhụrụ, na version on mma nke ochie echepụta maka party isi ịmanye "techies" ya n'ozuzu akara. Anyị na-atụle nhọrọ dịgasị iche iche maka okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu, na-ewere n'ime akaụntụ ekwe omume nke ịtụkwasị mgbagwoju ngwá electronic, enweghị nke oge a agha apụghị ịbụ a egwu ike.

okike search

The N'ihi nke okike mmekpa ghọrọ mbụ Su-15, onwem na "Orion" ihe niile na-ihu igwe igodo usoro. Ma agha chọrọ ghọrọ siri ike karị, ha ugbu a nwere ọgụ ugbo elu nwere ike na-ahapụ a unyi warara, na mkpụmkpụ. Optimizing wee na-ewu e kwukwara ọzọ engines, eweli ụgbọelu na gbapụ. Ma ọ bụ na. OS Samoylovich, Project Manager, ju mkpebi nke rebus. A ntụzi-aka bịara, oddly ezu, si a nwere onye iro.

Ọ bụ na 1964, Khrushchev na nso nso wepụrụ, na ọhụrụ na-edu ndú echiche na-adịghị otú ihunanya, ma pragmatic. Emebe warplanes ọzọ natara zuru ego. Samoylovich Designer ama na Paris na Aerospace Ngosi. Ọ hụrụ na ihe na-akpali.

An American na Paris

Ha anya yiri nnọọ - na American F-111 na anyị Su-24. Photo, e ji mara na ọgụ ike, na ọtụtụ ihe, nzube nke abụọ ndị a ụgbọ elu na-nnọọ nso. Na a uche, Samoylovich mere a kpọmkwem agbaziri nke general layout atụmatụ, dị nnọọ ziri ezi. The ụlọ ọrụ "General Dynamics" bụ mpako na-etinye ha na ụmụ ha na mba show na Le Bourget. Lee ụgbọelu nwere ike ọ bụla ma ndi-isi-mmebe azụ na-abịa ya nso. O wee were ya "nri" ozugbo ahụ ghọtara ihe ndị Su-24. Photo F-111 ụgbọ elu ke Moscow atụle nke ọma, engineer enwe mmasị n'ebe rivals nkà na kwuru na ihe ọ hụrụ.

N'ezie, eziokwu ahụ bụ na imewe nke "zuru" si America, na nwere ike ọ bụla ajụjụ. Nzuzo nke ụlọ ọrụ "General Dynamics" nwere ike ịchekwa, na ọ bụrụ na ndị Soviet nwere ohere ya, mgbe ahụ na ọ mere ihe mgbe e mesịrị. Ka ọ dịgodị OS Samoylovich zuru ezu na anya. N'ọnọdụ dị otú ahụ, dere, sị na ya nghọta, ndị Rom, ha "maa mma nkọ."

general schematic

Ọzọ hoisting engines, mbenata ọsọ-anya igwe na, na e ghọtara site na mkpebi na-ezighị ezi. Ha na-arụ ọrụ naanị na mbụ ole na ole sekọnd na kwesịrị ibu ha ụgbọelu niile. Ọzọ ihe - na agbanwe zaa nku, uru ya nwere ike na-enwe n'oge a ọgụ ozi, na-enwogha agha dị iche iche na-agba ụdịdị.

Otú ọ dị, e nwere ụfọdụ ndị isi ike na ogwe aka, nke ga-ebu mpụga ibu Su-24. Bombu na-akpaghị aka-eduzi pylons nke ụta na bombs ẹbiet na vector nke N'ezie - ọ chọrọ pụrụ iche ihu ọma electromechanical usoro. Saa mbara ogige abụọ antennas Rada nyeere ike BREA ebe, nke bụ na aga na ụdị nke ugbo elu na-akwado frontline Sukhoi. Ma isi ihe isi ike na-abịa.

nastilnyj ụgbọ elu

Oge akara aka nke kenkwucha otu bombu bụ na-akpatara mmebi na ndị iro a dum (ruo 800 km), nso n'ihu. Mejuputa ọrụ a, mkpa ka i nwere oru ike imeri ntụ ozize ala, nke ikpe na ọ ga-predictably ebu kacha eguzogide. Na sixties na radars abụghị ndị dị ka zuru okè dị ka ọ dị taa, na nzube nke ala-larịị "hụrụ" ọ bụghị mgbe niile ikpe. The otu na-emetụta airborne radars na-apụghị ịmata ihe dị iche ihe na ndabere nke ụwa. American F-111 ama na oké ala elu, skirting na chakoo. Nke a bụ ebumnobi setịpụrụ maka Su-24 na-emepụta. Atụmatụ elu na-agba na-adịghị ebelata, ọ dị mkpa a ụfọdụ "supersonic" ọbụna n'oge grazing ụgbọ elu.

ịnọgide na-enwe a mma mgbochi kpuchiri usoro na-arụ ọrụ na abụọ ụdịdị - ntuziaka na na akpaka. Ịtụle elemental isi 60 (ọkacha mma oriọna) na-anọgide naanị aja nke a nweta.

Mmanụ ụgbọala oriri na ọgụ okirikiri

N'afọ ndị mbụ, ihe iseokwu nke mmanụ ụgbọala aku na uba ukwuu guzo. Otú ọ dị, manu oku oriri emetụtala a dị nnọọ mkpa egosi - nso. Iji na-amụba ya, chọrọ a revolutionary ngwọta - ntughari ka oru oma uzo engines. Na afterburner mode, ha mepụtara obere nzube ka ot Turbojet, kama, dị ka ahụmahụ na-egosi, kenkwucha otu bombu ekwe omume nke a nkọ na-abawanye na-agba na-fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụghị dị mkpa. Emebe pụrụ iche moto e kwere nkwa ọlụlụ Design Bureau Cradles na Tumansky ( "Saturn"). Ha na-aduak naanị maka Su-24. Ọgụ ugbo elu nso mụbara budata - ya karịa narị ise kilomita.

Nọdụ nade ...

Fọrọ nke nta niile kenkwucha atụ bọmbụ na agha ugbo elu site na Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ na-esonụ afọ ndị a tandem layout nke ndi oru ugbo. Osisi pilot, ụgbọ mmiri ma ọ bụ ejimara systems ogwe aka nke soje kpaliri ndị na-emepụta na-achọ iji belata fuselage cross-ngalaba. Ya mere belata aerodynamic ikpuru. Ọzọkwa, m nwere uru na nzube nke size, na okwu nke-emegide ugbo elu ogbunigwe, na a frontal agha. Real echiche bụ a pụrụ isi chọta nke abụọ arụ ọrụ òtù na-esote onye ọ bụla ọzọ na American F-111. Atụmatụ a OS Samoylovich kpebiri itinye maka Su-24. Ulo foto na-egosi na ọnụnọ nke akara ahụ na co-ọkwọ ụgbọala, ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ dịtụ ala karịa ndị pilot si. Safety echiche kpebiere a pụrụ iche na ihuenyo na iche n'oge ejection oche, ma mgbe e mesịrị ya tụgharịa na ihe ize ndụ nke mmerụ pilot hapụrụ ụgbọelu bụ ntakiri. The mgbanwe nke ozi n'etiti ndị pilot na ụgbọ mmiri na-ukwuu nyeere, e a "mmetụta nke comradeship".

Engine na titanium ọkụ

On nkọwa Su-24 budata emetụta engine nhọrọ. Mbipụta ndị mbụ e dechara "ngwaahịa nke 85," ie, reactive tobaim AL-21F, na Compressor na-eji titanium akụkụ. Nke a ihe onwunwe dị nnọọ inogide na mfe, ma imewe nke engine-emepụta na-emeghị ihe ụfọdụ nke ya atụmatụ. The kpo oku nke tobaim pupụtara eduga ha elongation, na mgbe ahụ na-emetụ ha elu n'ọnụ nke ụlọ. Nke a na onu, na-akpọ "titanium ọku", n'ihi na ọ fọrọ nke nta ozugbo combustion nke dum ugbo elu, na chọpụta ihe na-akpata bụ ìhè ozugbo.

N'ikpeazụ, mgbe ọtụtụ mgbalị iji imeghari ọzọ mmepụta engine, KB kpebiri iji ezi-na-n'iji ya gee ntị nke AL-21F, nke bụ ugbu a na-eji.

gbakee

The mbụ ụgbọ elu nke prototype, na-na index T6-1, na 1967, kpọlite ndị Test Pilot Ilyushin BC, nwa nke ama ụgbọelu mmebe. Ule nke ọma, ma na ọ na ndozi-apụta ìhè dị oké njọ bughi ntụpọ. The ule ndị ogologo ma sie ike maka ha mgbe jiri iri ụgbọala (7 nke ha - n'ihi na engine development njehie). Naanị maka otu ụbọchị na 1973 (August 28) KB abụọ nwụrụ prototypes. Ikekwe ọ bụrụ na ngo bụ obere mkpa maka iji zara ọnụ nke mba ahụ, ọ ga-mechie mgbe ọtụtụ ọdịda. Ma OS Samoylovich kwere na Su-24, ndị e ji mara nke-ekwe nkwa magburu onwe. Nakwa ule nọgidere dị ọrụ wepụ mata bughi ọdịda.

Shock bọmbụ ike

Bomb n'ọnụ mmiri, dị ka megide American F-111, na ugbo elu na-adịghị onwem na ụdị nile nke na ngwá agha na-emi odude na asatọ pylons, anọ nke - ventral. Abụọ dị ike engines-enye ohere na-ebu ot na pụrụ iche (nuclear ma ọ bụ chemical) munitions, gụnyere elu ike. N'ihi ya, nkwusioru na a ofu akụkụ nke nku na-bu n'obi bombs erikpu ọkara a ton. Iche iche ọdịdị nke Su-24 ngwá agha. Ọgụ ibu-erikpu ruo asatọ tọn nwere ike iso ndị unguided bombs ma ọ bụ correctable (gụnyere laser-eduzi), Ozugbo blocks, containers ma ọ bụ cassettes. Iji jide ndị dị otú ahụ a dịgasị iche iche, ndị pylons na-onwem na ihe nkwụnye na ndị ọzọ ibé. Ma, ọ bụghị naanị bombs nwere ike tie Su-24 bombu na ike ga-akpọ na submarines.

akụ ụta

The nsogbu nke n'igbochi iro ikuku chebe onwe puru inseparably jikọtara nchọpụta na mbibi nke Rada ụgbọ na akpa ebe - antennas emitters-receivers. Na America, mgbochi Rada agba "Shpayk" (1963) e mere n'ihi nzube a, nke na-usoro nduzi na-elekwasị anya na-ufiop elu ugboro Rada radieshon. A yiri agha X-28 e mere na Soviet Union - maka-emecha ha ugbo elu na ngwá agha na usoro nke Su-24. Ọgụ ike nke a munition kasị n'ọtụtụ ebe mara na paired emission nke abụọ otu bombu, onye mbụ "timed" locators "feline" usoro, na nke abụọ etinyere ozugbo rue, ama maara kwa nke ụgbọelu ugboro emitters. Edu agba X-23 rata radio iwu n'aka.

E nwere ọtụtụ variants nke ngwá agha agba Su-24. Photography ugbo elu onwem na cassettes Nursaya ma ọ bụ agha P-60 ( "ikuku na-ikuku"), na-egosi na egosipụta ọtụtụ ihe ndị pụrụ ngwa otu bombu, gụnyere megide airborne zaa. Full interceptor ya, N'ezie, ike ga-aha, ma-apụghị ịzọ onwe atụle-agaghị ekwe omume na mbara igwe.

Echefula banyere ndị na-emepụta na ogbunigwe ngwá agha. Su-24, onwem na 23-millimeter-sextuple GSh 6-23M (wuru na-). Ọ bụ omume na-eme ka ọtụtụ ndị arụmọrụ firepower site n'isetịpụ kwụsịtụrụ ngwa-egbe mounts (atọ ọzọ) na mpụga ọnụ suspensions.

Ngwaahịa bụ "44"

Ọ bụla ịga nke ọma igwe a kara nke a ogologo ndụ, sochiri mgbalị iji meziwanye ya imewe. Ọ mere na na Su-24 ugbo elu. Njirimara ya na okwu nke ndị isi nke ndị Ministry of Defense nke USSR, nọ ná mkpa nke mgbazi. Karịsịa mkpa bụ nsogbu nke rụọ avionics na ikike dịkwuo uka nke payload. The ọhụrụ mgbanwe, nke na Novosibirsk Aviation Plant na 1979 akpọ "ngwaahịa 44", na 1981, malitere igba n'ime ndị agha nkeji n'okpuru koodu nke Su-24M. Eze, na sample e tinyere n'ime ọrụ na 1983. Ọ dị arọ karịa prototype, kama megide ndabere nke a ọnụ ke ụgbọ elu data nọgidere ezigbo kraiptographi ahụkarị nke a "dị ọcha" Su-24. Atụmatụ ekwe ka ị na-eme ọbụna aerobatics, na n'ihu-akara otu bombu obere àgwà.

Otu ihe dị mkpa ọhụrụ bụ ohere, na-ụgbọ elu refueling. Iji ya ụgbọelu nwere ina-eji na n'oge eighties, mgbe na-arụ ọrụ na-eji ire ụtọ na Usoro nke obibia nke cone sooks tanka, ma na-arụpụta ziri ezi na mgbalị. Okirikiri nke ọgụ eji ugbu a na-ekpuchi dum nke Europe (n'oge takeoff si WGF airfield) na ukwuu nke Asia.

Su-24 na ọhụrụ na narị afọ

Na na mmalite nke atọ na narị afọ iri, ọ dịghị ihe na-ezo aka n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na n'oge na-adịghị ga-aga "nke ọma kwesịrị izu-ike," Su-24. Njirimara bụ dị otú ahụ na ọgụ ọzọ, o nwere ike aghaghi ime ruo ọtụtụ afọ. Ọ nwere ohere ime ụfọdụ na-alụ ọgụ ọtụtụ esemokwu na bilie mgbe ida nke USSR. The ụgbọelu nwere a jupụtara na nkume airframe, ike engines na a dum ngwá. N'ebe ịdị elu nke 200 mita, o nwere ike ofufe na gbapụrụ ọsọ ruo 1400 km / h. Su-24 onwem na a pụrụ iche nnapụta arụ ọrụ pụtara. Ọ ka ga--ejere obodo.