Sudan ahihia: cultivation technology, mkpụrụ ọnụego, mkpụrụ ndu atụmatụ

Sudan ahihia (ma ọ bụ Sudanese sorghum, Sudan ahịhịa) - elu-ekwenye ekwenye ubi. Ọ na-eto na ọnọdụ ka mma elu atọ mita, akpụ otu n'ime mgbọrọgwụ 120 na ị ga. Na kwesịrị ekwesị ugbo usoro nke cultivation enye a ndekọ kwa afọ grasses n'etiti nri ubi. N'ụdị silage, hay, ọhụrụ-ebipụ green uka, ọ na-eji maka fattening ehi.

Sudan ahihia: ndu atụmatụ

Sorghum sudanense bụ nke genus Sorghum. Strong fibrous mgbọrọgwụ usoro nwere ike na-eto eto site na 2.5 m na omimi na obosara nke 75 cm. Glabrous cylindrical azuokokoosisi jupụtara ọcha ka nzà parenchyma. Ọ bụghị ihe niile iche na-elu. E nwekwara a kọmpat osisi dị elu na-erughị a mita na a obere (ruo 12 Ome) na-ajụ (12-25) tillering. Iche iche iche na udi nke ohia:

• Kwem.
• Recumbent.
• Nọ na-eri.
• -Esetị.
• Slaboraskidistye.

The họọrọ beveling slaboraskidistye ziri ezi bushes, otú Sudanese sorghum na àgwà ndị a bụ ihe kasị nkịtị. Na ogbe, ọ na-etolite nnọọ elu Sudanese ahịhịa, a foto nke na-eju anya. Na Russian mgbe ọzọ kọmpat akọ iche ahihia Mironovskaya 8, 12, 100 Kinelsky, Aida, Hercules 3 Chernomorka, Volgogradskaia 77 Azimuth Brodskaya 2 innovator 151 Severyanka, Novosibirsk 84 Kamyshinskaya 51 Zonalskaya 6 na ndị ọzọ.

ekwukwa n'akwụkwọ Njirimara

Sudan ahịhịa dị ka hay na elu bụ ezigbo nri na-edozi. The green protein uka - 3%, protein - 4.4% shuga n'ókè - 7,9-9,1%. Sudan ahihia advantageously weere na legumes, akpan akpan - alfalfa. Dị otú ahụ mixtures bụ ihe jupụta na calcium, protein, nitrogen-free extractive bekee. Ụba nke oké akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ uka, iguzogide na-ata nri na ike na-eto eto ngwa ngwa (n'oge oge - 4-5 ugboro) ka Sudanese otu nke kasị mma ịta nri grasses.

Na ekwukwa n'akwụkwọ àgwà nke hay adabere na ịsụ oge. Ọ bụrụ na ihe ubi ya na buttonhole adọ nke ngwaahịa na-azọpụta a otutu raw protein - 14-16%. Ọbụna ihe protein (14,2-18,9%) ẹnịm ma ọ bụrụ na gbuda Sudan ahihia booting na-adọ. Silage na-atụ aro ka ubi mgbe ọka na-wụsara. Site n'ụzọ, silage nutritionally tụnyere ọka.

The technology nke cultivation nke Sudan ahihia

N'ihi na-agha mkpụrụ maka osisi na ezigbo precursors na-na akwụkwọ nri, mkpụrụ akụkụ ubi (karịsịa oyi). Amanyere bụ iwu tupu nhazi nke ata. Siberia Research Institute ọmụmụ gosiri na na ọnọdụ nke ọhịa-steppe ezigbo nkpuru mkpụrụ na-nwetara mgbe uzuoku guzobere perennials, ọka.

Ọ dị mkpa na-emeso ala, na-echebara ụdị na zoning. Arụpụta nke nile bụ isi ọgwụgwọ a rụrụ n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ. Nke a ga-enyere iji zụọ n'ala mmiri na-egbu oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ mmiri ozuzo na snow. Na Western Siberia (steppe mpaghara) na n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke miri emi (25 cm) akọ ubi ke ini utọ na-mmiri na abụọ tracks bụ ọgọ-eze Harrow. Ndọtị, na Rolling ubi nhazi tupu mgbe akuku na-enye enyi na enyi Ome.

Ewezụga ala mmiri ka ala na-adịghị achọ oké ihe Sudan ahịhịa. Ndu atụmatụ inye ezi owuwe ihe ubi ọbụna na saline ala. The kacha mma bu ụzọ weere peas, pelyushka, vetch, alfalfa, kabeeji, poteto. Ọ bụkwa uru na-eto eto legumes, ọnụ na Sudanese sorghum.

The ngwa ngwa ẹkenịmde mbụ na nke abụọ ịsụ, nnukwu akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ uka ga-eto eto na-esote 2-3 ịkpụ usoro. Na-atụ aro ọcha hay mower conditioners. Akpọrepu ị ga ngwa ngwa na mma podvyalivayut accelerates eke ihicha.

nkwadebe nke osisi

Mkpụrụ nke Sudan ahihia anabata seedbed nkwadebe. Etching na-alternated na a thermal ikuku-kpo oku, na-emeso microfertilizers. Mkpụrụ nwetara ndu usu ọnụ asiaha jupụta microelements na di ntakiri oriri nke nri.

Otu n'ime ụzọ rụọ ọrụ Biochemical na n'ahụ Filiks - spraying tupu akuku pụrụ iche ngwọta nwere boron (nwere ike dochie anya na zinc) na manganese. Na 2 lita mmiri na-etisasịwo 15-18 g nke potassium permanganate na nkịtị 6-9 g nke boron ma ọ bụ zinc salts. A ego bụ iji aka 1 quintal nke osisi. Iji evenly kesaa osisi juputara kpaliri ugboro ugboro. Tupu agha mkpụrụ, ha ga-akọrọ.

A ọzọ oge a na usoro nke seedbed nkwadebe - vernalization. The akpa na-wụsara 20 lita mmiri wụsara quintal nke osisi. Chere ruo mgbe osisi dị kpamkpam banye na mmiri. Mgbe ahụ ha na-apụ ma na-guzobere n'ime obere ikpo, na-eburu nke a ọnọdụ 8 ụbọchị na ọchịchịrị na 20-30 C. Iji gbochie ire ere, uka mgbe nile Ted, shọvel. Ọ dị mkpa inyocha na ịchọpụtakwa Germination ọnụego. Ọ bụrụ na mkpụrụ imu nwa kwa ngwa ngwa, raked ikpo. Vernalization bụ karịsịa irè maka mkpụrụ a kụrụ akụ.

seeding ọnụego

Naanị na na-ekpo ọkụ ala (+10 C) Sudan ahihia kụrụ. The seeding ọnụego dịgasị dabere seeding Usoro. Na otu na-aga n'ihu usoro - na nso 25-30 n'arọ kwa 1 ha. Mgbe shirokorjadnyj usoro efekarị na mpaghara ọkara ọnụego - 10-15 n'arọ. Mgbe ụba nke mmiri na mkpụrụ pụrụ isi chọta na-emepụta ígwè ka a omimi nke 3-5 cm na nke a mịrị amị, na ìhè Ona nke osisi na-agbakwunyere miri -. 6-8 cm Ọ bụrụ na Sudan ahịhịa ẹsuande na a ngwakọta na ndị ọzọ. N'Obodo, ọnụego nke seeding na-ebelata site na 15-25%.

Seedbed nkwadebe

Seedbed nkwadebe tedious. Ọ bụrụ na ị ite egwú otu nke nzọụkwụ ga-belatara druzhnost Germination, tillering, mkpụrụ. The usoro:

1. Shelling.
2. Deep ịkọ.
3. Early spring ahụ emeela.
4. Two-oge tupu agha cultivation.
5. Nga-agha mkpụrụ maka ala compacting.
6. Posleposevnoe mbukota nke ala.

Time of fatịlaịza ntọt zaa. Na-atụ aro udu kwa 1 hectare: 20-30 n'arọ nke potash, phosphate 30-45 n'arọ, 30-45 n'arọ nke nitrogen fatịlaịza.

bara uru Njirimara

Ke adianade ihe otutu owuwe ihe ubi nke akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ nri uka, Sudan ahihia mmetụta bara uru na ala, ebelata ata. N'ihi ike fibrous mgbọrọgwụ omenala enhances breathability na mmiri ike nke ala, loosens ha, na-eme ka mfe akụkụ, uzo na mmiri ngafe. Echikwapụ ala na ahihia irè breathable, nke bara uru ala microorganisms na ikpuru mgba mma site ọsọ ọsọ na nhazi nke humus. The osisi onwe ha bụ ndị na-erughị na-arịa ọrịa, na arụpụtaghị na-abawanye.

Sudan ahihia ike na-eto eto na saline Ona na-agụnye na-enye ohere adiana ekwesighi ka ndị ọzọ ubi saline. Na ebe ozize na-aga n'ihu, ọ bụkwa bara uru ịgha a ogwu na ike na ok mgbọrọgwụ na jide ala ahụ si weathering, leaching.

Ma e nwere ndị nuances. Dị ka ọka, Sudan ahihia erukwa si ala ọtụtụ microelements, impoverishing ya. Ọ doziri nsogbu nke nkwonkwo akuku a leguminous annuals. Elu-edu mgbakwasa fatịlaịza nwekwara eweghachi microbial itule.