The Battle nke Moscow: a nchịkọta nke ọrụ. Heroes Battle for Moscow

Onye ama ama nke Agha nke Moscow, a nchịkọta nke nke na-agụnye a kasị wụfuo ọbara ji nke Ukwu Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya ghọrọ a mgbanwe na niile agha. Tupu na, na German nkewa, dị ka blitzkrieg plan, ngwa ngwa gaa n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, ọ fọrọ nke nta n'enweghị ihe ịma aka. Na ala ịta ahịhịa nke obodo nke Reich Soviet agha ahụ kwụsịrị.

Atụmatụ nke Onye Ndú

Ọbụna tupu agha na ndị Soviet Union, Hitler na a nzuzo nzukọ mesiri ya ike na-ewere Moscow maka ya bụ ihe kasị mkpa ọrụ nke mkpọsa. The ọdịda nke isi obodo ga-aghọ a socialist ala deathblow. The Ndú tụrụ anya na ọbụna Agha nke Moscow ga-ẹkenịmde ke ọnwa atọ. Brief ọdịnaya nke ya "Barbarossa" plan kọrọ ndi-isi nke niile ndị agha na-eve nke agafe ókè.

The Germany ka ụkwụ na Soviet ala na 22 June. Ndenye kpọọ nke Moscow bụ ka dị mkpa na iji zere agha di ọku oyi nke etiti Russia. Dị ka a maara, na XIX narị afọ, Napoleon agha ahụhụ nke ukwuu n'ihi enweghị ọzụzụ a mba ọzọ idụhe. French agha, ọbọp ke a mkpa afe nke elu, oyi ma na-anwụ n'okporo ụzọ.

Hitler achọghị ikwugharị akara aka nke Bonaparte otú juputara kwadebere maka agha. Na 1941 ọ na-ama bụ dum continental Europe na wezụga nke mba na ama kwuru, ya na-anọpụ iche. Ya mere, Onye Ndú ebugharị n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ agha ya niile, na-enwe olileanya maka a ịga nke ọma njem. Ọ kwụsịrị agha Moscow. Executive Summary nke a na ime bụ nnọọ ihe atụ nke a zuru ọdịda nke atụmatụ maka ihe rụrụ agha.

Ihap German iwe

N'agbanyeghị na anya agha, ndị German Army e ejide na Smolensk, ebe abụọ nwụrụ ọnwa gbara ya gburugburu na Soviet nkewa. Mgbe Leningrad na Kiev ebe, kwa, e nwere ike na-eguzogide. N'ihi nke a, mkpara nwere iji gbatịa ha onwe ha nkwurịta okwu, na-atụba ndị agha otu n'ihu ọzọ.

N'ikpeazụ, na September 30 malitere kpara German iwe na Moscow. Ọ bụ a na nso-ikpa efe ime ihe nke ọtụtụ ụsụụ ndị agha, na-ebu ọhụrụ technology na oge. Dị ka mgbawa nke Wehrmacht, ndị Soviet nkewa ekpemede isi obodo, nwere na-gbara ya gburugburu na boilers na agbajikwa nọ n'ógbè Vyazma na Bryansk. Mgbe na Moscow ga-ekpe-apụghị ịzọ onwe, na ya na ị nwere ike ime ihe ọ bụla ị chọrọ.

agha nke ọzọ

Site na nmalite nke itule nke agha bụ dị ka ndị na-emegide. Na ụzọ nke ndị agha Germany (fọrọ nke nta 2 nde) ndị Soviet agha ọtụtụ banyere 1.2 nde mmadụ. Defense edu ukwuu n'ime-eto eto ọchịagha onye gbanahụrụ Stalinist ada na afọ nke Great ụjọ. Ọ bụ Boris Shaposhnikov, Ivan Konev, Georgy Zhukov, Andrei Yeremenko na Jekọb Cherevichenko. Karịsịa ọgụgụ nke dike nke Civil War Semena Budennogo.

N'ezie, ikpeazụ okwu na mkpebi nke mkpara bụ nke Iosifom Stalinym, bụ ndị nọgidere na Moscow, n'agbanyeghị uka esi kpọpụ mmadụ nile nke ala na ụba na oru nke isi obodo.

Mmalite nke agha

The ọbara agha Moscow, a nchịkọta nke nke bụ ihe ọ bụla akwụkwọ ọgụgụ banyere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke XX narị afọ, German iwu a na-akpọ ọrụ "Typhoon". Nke a shortcut mesiri oké ọchịchọ atụmatụ nke Reich - a ngwa ngwa na-adịghị eme ebere igbu ekpochapụ n'ahịrị ikpeazụ nke na-azara ọnụ, bụ ndị guzo n'ụzọ bụ isi obodo nke USSR.

The mbụ agha (September 30), e nwere a Bryansk Front. Ụbọchị abụọ gasịrị, ndị na-akpasu iwe otu sonyeere Wehrmacht na Roslavl ebe. Nke a na ime ihe nke ọma. Ọtụtụ Soviet agha (19 nke, 20 nke, 24 nke na 32 nke) e gbara ya gburugburu.

Life na isi obodo

N'otu oge ahụ na Moscow malitere ọzọ ife nke nchikota ndi mmadu di. Nkịtị ndibọbọ agha-ya n'aka, ozugbo wee na n'ihu, ebe n'ihi na ọtụtụ akụkụ n'iyi a anụ grinder na Wehrmacht. Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị dike nke Agha nke Moscow nọgidere na-amaghị aha. Ọtụtụ mgbe nkịtị okụrede enweghị a Chọpụta, na ha bu mgbe ọbụna na peacetime. Nnukwu uka ili, nke ngwa ngwa lie indiscriminately, aghọwo juru ebe nile. Ọtụtụ ncheta nke Unknown Soldier na ndu ebighi ọkụ mgbe ọ na e wuru na nsọpụrụ nke tara nke obi ọjọọ agha.

ọzọ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ ndị na Moscow. All n'ime ha nọ na kpọpụrụ n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ na - na Volga mpaghara na Urals. Party ndú gbalịrị igosi a ufọk ufene ọkọnọ nke niile dị mkpa nke ndị agha na n'ihu. Na mba na e nweghị onye ga-ebi a udo ndụ. Ọbụna ndị nọ n'azụ na-arụ ọrụ na-agbanwerịta ibe ha nke ọma nke na Red Army.

Nme nke November 7

Ndị kasị oké egwu oge nke na-azara ọnụ na kalenda ada itie ke ụbọchị mgbe mba ahụ nile bụ omenala na-eme ememe ncheta nke October mgbanwe. The Battle nke Moscow na 1941 bụ otu egbu nwunye, dị ka ihe ndị na Petrograd, iri abụọ na anọ afọ. Stalin ghọtara na nke a, ya mere, tupu nyere iwu isi obodo iji kwadebe maka ememe nke ncheta.

N'abalị nke November 7 Moscow agha isi e nyere ha iwu na-edu ndị agha ya na Red Square. Nkịtị nchere maka nnukwu Nme. Agha nke Moscow 1941 adọta na niile dimkpa, otú dị nnọọ ije na Kremlin si pavement-eto eto ụmụ ozugbo wee n'ihu. N'oge ahụ, ọ gbara ọsọ a ole na ole na iri na abuo kilomita site na isi obodo.

The na mmeri nke ndị Germany

Ugboro ugboro, ndị dike nke Agha nke Moscow abụrụ agha nke tankị na bipu, kpuchie site n'ikuku etiwapụ na ogbunigwe-achịkwaghị achịkwa. Ke mbubreyo November, onye fasizim nkewa ejirila nwayọọ nwayọọ malite dị ka nso ka ike isi obodo. Ha wee weghara Krasnaya Polyana, ebe malitere shelling obodo. N'ihi Hitler na ọ bụ otu ihe dị mkpa na-agbasa echiche aga.

Otú ọ dị, December 5 akara mmalite nke a counter-akpasu iwe nke Soviet agha na Agha nke Moscow. Ndị Germany na-mmiri riri ha ọnwa-ogologo njem, na n'ikpeazụ malitere laa azụ. Nwụrụ Anwụ-ike gwụrụ ndị agha froze ọnwụ ma ọ bụ nyefere ndị agha nke Red Army. Mgbe izu ole na ole, ndị Wehrmacht chụpụrụ maka ọtụtụ iri kilomita. The kasị njọ ụbọchị nke agha hapụrụ. N'elu ọzọ afọ-ha di arọ ọgụ, ma ndị German ụgbọ ala a na-ama okpu. Mmalite nke Agha nke Moscow nweghị ihe ịrịba ama nke ndị dị otú ahụ a ọdịda.

The aha ụfọdụ nke dike nke ndị agha aghọwo akụkụ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme. Ha bụ:

• Zoe Kosmodemyanskaya;
• Timothy Lavrischev;
• Victor Talalikhin;
• 28 dike Panfilov, gawa site VG Klochkov na ndị ọzọ.

Nke a mmeri nke Soviet agha (tinyere Agha nke Stalingrad) bụ mgbanwe dị mkpa ná Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ.