The elu nke Himalayas. The Himalayas - ugwu ndị kasị elu

The Himalayas - ugwu ndị kasị elu n'ụwa, onye aha na Sanskrit pụtara n'ụzọ nkịtị "a ebe snow ndụ." Dị na South Asia, a ugwu ekewapụ Indo-Gangetic larịị na Tibetan ala dị larịị. Ebe a bụ ihe kacha dịkarịrị nso na elu-igwe ihe na mbara ala Earth, nke na-agụnye Ugwu Everest, kasị elu mgbe (na Himalayas na-akpọkarị "uko ụwa"). Ọ na-mara site na aha ọzọ - Ugwu Everest.

ugwu gburugburu

Himalaya n'ugwu bụ a dịgasị iche iche-iche nke odida obodo. The Himalayas edina na ókèala dum ise mba: India, Nepal, Bhutan, China na Pakistan. Na ugwu sitere na atọ kasị ukwuu na ike kacha ike osimiri - na Indus, na Ganges na Brahmaputra. The ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi nke Himalaya bụ kpọmkwem dabere na ihu igwe, mmiri ozuzo, elu ugwu na ala ọnọdụ.

N'ihi na ụkwụ nke ugwu gbara ya gburugburu ebe nwere a okpomọkụ, mgbe ebighi-ebi ice na snow dabeere na ọnụ ọnụ. Kwa Afọ ọdịda na-abawanye na ntụziaka site West na East. Pụrụ iche eke nketa na elu nke Himalayas bụ n'okpuru mgbanwe n'ihi dị iche iche ihu igwe Filiks.

geological atụmatụ

Himalayas - Mountains na South Asia, esịnede isi nke sedimentary nkume na weere. A akụkụ pụrụ iche nke ugwu mkpọda bụ ha transconductance na ọnụ ọnụ dị ka a ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu ma ọ bụ riiji kpuchie ebighi ice na snow na bi ebe dị 33 nde square kilomita. The Himalayas, nke ịdị elu ya mgbe ụfọdụ esịmde fọrọ nke nta itoolu kilomita bụ na-eto eto tụnyere ndị ọzọ, ọzọ oge ochie ugwu usoro nke Earth.

Nakwa dị ka nde 70 afọ gara aga, Indian efere ka na-aga n'ihu na-ejegharị ma na Nkea ka a anya nke 67 millimeters kwa afọ, na-esote 10 nde afọ, ọ ga-akpali 1.5 km na Asian direction. Active si ele ihe anya nke n'elu geology na-eme ka eziokwu ahụ bụ na elu nke Himalayas na-amụba nke nta nke nta na-ebili banyere 5 millimeters kwa afọ. Ndị dị otú ahụ obere na akpa ilekiri, ka oge na Filiks nwere a dị ike vlyanie na geological okwu, ke adianade do, n'ógbè bụ ejighị n'aka na seismic ele ihe anya, mgbe ụfọdụ, e nwere ala ọma jijiji.

Himalaya osimiri usoro

The Himalayas bụ nke atọ kasị ukwuu ego nke ice na snow na ụwa mgbe Antarctica na Arctic. Ugwu bụ banyere 15,000 kpụkọrọ, nke nwere banyere 12 puku cubic kilomita nke ọhụrụ mmiri. The kasị elu ebe na-kpuchie na snow nile n'afọ. Inweta ya si malite na Tibet Indus bụ kasị ọtụtụ ndị na-eru n'osimiri, nke aga n'ime ọtụtụ nta n'anya. Ọ na-aga na a southwesterly direction gafee India, Pakistan na empties n'ime n'Osimiri Arebia.

Himalayas, onye idi-elu-ya kasị elu mgbe esịmde fọrọ nke nta 9 km, ji a nnukwu iche iche nke osimiri. Isi mmiri na isi mmalite nke Ganges-Brahmaputra efere bụ Ganges, na Brahmaputra na Yamuna. Brahmaputra na jikọọ na Ganges na Bangladesh, na ọnụ ha igba n'ime Bay of Bengal.

ugwu Lake

The kasị elu ugwu Himalaya ọdọ Gurudongmar Lake na Sikkim (India), emi odude ke otu elu nke banyere 5 kilomita. Na gburugburu nke Himalaya e a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ọmarịcha ọdọ mmiri, ọtụtụ nke na-emi odude na a elu nke na-erughị 5 kilomita elu oké osimiri. Ụfọdụ ọdọ mmiri na-ahụta dị nsọ na India. Nepal Tilicho ọdọ ugwu Okirikiri gburugburu Annapurna bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị elu na mbara ala.

Great Himalaya ugwu nwere ọtụtụ narị mara mma ọdọ mmiri ndị India ma agbata obi Nepal na Tibet. Himalaya ọdọ mmiri nye a pụrụ iche mma ndị dị ebube ugwu Okirikiri, ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-kpuchie na oge ochie akụkọ mgbe ochie na-akpali akụkọ.

The mmetụta na ihu igwe

The Himalayas nwere oké mmetụta na ihu igwe guzobere. Ha dachie eruba nke oyi akọrọ ifufe na ndịda direction, nke na-enye ohere ịchị South Asia na-ekpo ọkụ. Akpụ a eke egbochi mmiri udu (eme oké rainstorms), na-egbochi ha ije kwupụta n'ebe ugwu. The Sierra-arụ a ụfọdụ ọrụ ke guzobere desat Taklamakan na Gobi.

Isi akụkụ nke Himalaya dara n'okpuru nduzi subequatorial ihe. N'oge okpomọkụ na spring oge bụ nnọọ na-ekpo ọkụ: nkezi okpomọkụ esịmde 35 Celsius C. N'oge a, ndị monsoons wetara na ha a nnukwu ego nke ọdịda si Indian Ocean, nke ahụ dara na ndịda mkpọda.

Ndị mmadụ na omenala nke Himalaya

N'ihi na ihu igwe e ji mara nke Himalaya (Mountains na Asia) na-kama ebikebeghị na mpaghara. Ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ na-ebi ndụ ndị dị larịị. Ụfọdụ n'ime ha na-akpata dị ndụ ha dị ka ndị ndú nke ihe ndị njem nleta na nke soro climbers na-abịa imeri ụfọdụ nke ọnụ ọnụ. Ugwu ahu bu a eke mgbochi ruo ọtụtụ puku afọ. Ha kwụsịrị assimilation nke ndị bi na China na esịtidem akụkụ nke Asia na Indian iche iche.

Ụfọdụ ebo ndị na-dabeere na Himalaya ugwu, ya bụ na ndị North-Eastern India, Sikkim, Nepal, Bhutan, akụkụ West Bengal na ndị ọzọ. Naanị na Arunachal Pradesh ndụ karịa 80 ebo. Himalaya ugwu - otu n'ime ndị kasị ibu obodo na ụwa na a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke nọ n'ihe ize ndụ ụdị anụmanụ, dị ka ịchụ nta bụ a na-ewu ewu ọrụ na gburugburu nke Himalayas. The isi okpukpe Buddha, Islam na okpukpe Hindu. Famous Himalaya akụkọ ifo bụ akụkọ banyere a snowman bụ onye bi ebe ugwu.

The elu nke Himalayas

Himalayas ebili fọrọ nke nta 9 km elu oké osimiri. Ha na maka a anya nke banyere 2.4 puku kilomita site Indus Valley na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ na Brahmaputra Valley nọ n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ. Ụfọdụ ọnụ ọnụ na-ahụta dị nsọ n'etiti ndị obodo, na ọtụtụ ndị ụka Buda na ndị Hindu ka ofufe n'ebe ndị a.

The nkezi elu mita Himalayas na kpụkọrọ esịmde 3.2 puku. Mountain rịa, nke nweela ewu ewu na mbubreyo XIX narị afọ, aghọwo isi ọrụ nke oké njem nleta. Na 1953, Edmund Hillary of New Zealand na Sherpa Tenzing Norgay bụ ndị mbụ ịrị Ugwu Everest (kasị elu mgbe).

Everest: idi-elu nke ugwu (na Himalayas)

Everest, makwaara dị ka Ugwu Everest, bụ kasị elu mgbe nke mbara ala. Gịnị bụ elu nke ugwu? Himalayas, mara siri ike iru na ọnụ ọnụ, na-adọta ọtụtụ puku ndị ọbịa, ma ha isi ihe mgbaru ọsọ - elu nke Ugwu Everest 8.848 kilomita. Ebe a - a paradise maka njem nleta na-enweghị ike iche na ndụ m enweghị ihe ize ndụ na ókè.

The elu nke Himalayas adọta a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ugwu climbers si gburugburu ụwa. Dị ka a na-achị, dị ịrịba ama oru ihe isi ike na-arịgo na ụfọdụ ụzọ gasị na-adịghị n'ebe, kama Everest bụ fraught na ọtụtụ ize ndụ ndị ọzọ, dị ka ịtụ ụjọ elu, na mberede mgbanwe nke ọnọdụ ihu igwe, enweghị oxygen na ike gusts nke ifufe.

Ọkà mmụta sayensị kpọmkwem ka elu nke ọ bụla ugwu na Earth. Nke a na-ekwe omume site n'iji NASA si satellite nlekota usoro. Tụọ elu nke ọ bụla n'ugwu, kwubiri na 10 nke 14 ugwu ndị kasị elu nke ụwa na-na Himalayas. Onye ọ bụla n'ime ndị a ugwu nke a pụrụ iche na ndepụta nke "asatọ thousanders". Mmeri nke ndị a niile ọnụ ọnụ na-ewere na ọgụgụ kasị elu nke kacha mma onyielu nwoke.

Natural atụmatụ na ọkwa dị iche iche nke Himalaya

Himalaya apịtị jungle, emi odude na ụkwụ nke ugwu na-akpọ "Terai" na-ji a dịgasị iche iche nke ihe ọkụkụ. Ebe i nwere ike ịchọta 5 mita-ogwu ahịhịa, nkwụ na coconuts, ferns, na achara-ogwu. N'ebe ịdị elu nke 400 mita 1.5 kilomita bụ a warara nke mmiri na oke ohia. Ke adianade ọtụtụ ụdị osisi na-eto eto ebe a magnolia, citrus na camphor laurel.

Na a elu (2,5 km) nke na Ngwuputa ohere jupụtara Evergreen subtropical na deciduous n'ọhịa, e nwere ike hụrụ mimosa, maple, udara, chestnut, akpu, ọhịa udara, ugwu akpaetu. Coniferous ọhịa ịgbatị ruo ihe elu nke 4 km. Mgbe a na elu osisi, osisi na-nta, ha na-dochie anya ubi ahịhịa n'ụdị ahịhịa na osisi.

Malite site 4.5 km n'elu oké osimiri larịị bụ Himalayas mpaghara ebighi ice na snow. The anụmanụ ụwa bụkwa iche iche. N'akụkụ dị iche iche nke bụ ugwu ugwu na gburugburu, i nwere ike na-ezute bea, enyí, antelopes, enyí ọhịa, enwe, ọhịa inyinya, ewu na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ na-enye nwa ara. Ebe a hụrụ ya a ọtụtụ agwọ na-akpụ akpụ, nke bụ nnọọ ize ndụ ndị mmadụ.

The Himalayas - kasị elu ugwu na Earth. Iji ụbọchị n'elu Dzhomolungma (Everest) merie banyere 1200 ugboro. Tinyere na elu nke nwoke jisiri afọ 60 na iri na atọ na-eto eto, na na 1998 merie n'elu onye mbụ na nkwarụ.