Ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi nke Yenisei River: nkọwa, ndepụta, foto

Otu nke kasị ukwuu osimiri nke mba anyị na-aga site na steppes na oké ọhịa, gafee na mbara ọzara na ugwu, si n'ebe ndịda latitudes na Arctic Ocean - 3.487 kilomita, n'oge nke anyị ga-eso, ihe ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi enliven na Yenisei River n'ikperé mmiri.

ọdịdị ala

Jonas (Evenki - "nnukwu mmiri") aha ya bụ Russian nso ka asụsụ ala nna okwu. The dum Siberia si n'elu na ala n'elu spikes nke Yenisei, malite na Sayan Mountains si ọdọ Kara-Balyk, adọrọ tributaries, na-agbasa n'ime Tuva ịda mbà n'obi na multiple hoses apụta ama dị ike, ndinuak ugwu iyi. West Sayan Yenisei n'elu ugwu ekpe a obere ọdịiche n'etiti ndị ọnụ ọnụ ugwu, ma osimiri mebiri.

Na mmepụta nke ndị anyị na-wuru a dam nke Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric ike osisi, otú ahụ Big fọrọ na rustled ka a runaway ụgbọ okporo ígwè, Dzhoysky fọrọ na Rock Tavern ugbu naanị na ochie foto. Ugbu a ebe a na-esite na a n'ọnụ mmiri kpụrụ confluence nke ugwu iyi na osimiri. All Yenisei mfe kere atọ n'akụkụ - Haute, Middle na Lower. The bed si isi iyi na-esite - n'elu, mgbe ahụ, site na-esite na-amụkwasị - a n'etiti òkè, na nke ala òkè Yenissei, mgbe asọkọta ọnụ hanga eru abụọ na ọkara n'obosara kilomita.

apịtị

Ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi Yenisei osimiri dị ọtụtụ ma dịgasịa iche, dị ka ndị a debeere ebe - ahụkarị apịtị. Na ndagwurugwu nke osimiri tumadi coniferous ọhịa - spruce, cedar, pine. Na Central Siberia Plateau ahịhịa peculiar dị ka n'ụzọ dị ịrịba ama na-agbanwe agbanwe elu-elu mpaghara. Oké larch na pine ọhịa nke ala eriri na-anọchi a ọzọ ehighị nne fir na cedar-fir.

On ọkara a kilometa ugwu n'elu doro ugwu tundra na n'elu ugwu na ala ahịhịa juru. Ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi nke Yenisei River-eche na ebe ndị a kpam kpam, n'ihi na e nwere ọtụtụ mgbe mee: Central Siberia, Krasnoyarsk ogidi, Sayano-Shushenskaya, mgbe ahụ, Putoransky, Taimyr, Tunguska, Great Arctic n'ogige ntụrụndụ mba "Shushensky Bor" na "Ergaki" atọ goszakaznika gọọmenti etiti na 27 - na Krasnoyarsk Territory.

"Ogidi"

Na ókè-ala na Central Siberia Plateau na n'ebe ugwu-n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ spurs nke Eastern Sayan bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị mara mma agwa mee nke ụwa - "ogwe osisi", tọrọ ntọala na 1925. Ya ebe - banyere 50 puku hectare. Ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi nke Yenisei River a mpaghara-ebi na idobere. E nwere ihe karịrị 750 ụdị vaskụla osisi na 260 - mosses. The fir apịtị mmadụ bi naanị 290 ụdị vertebrate anụmanụ: osa, chipmunk, Sable, red-kụziri vole, Fritillaria, musk mgbada na ndị ọzọ.

Otú ọ dị, oké ọhịa-steppe umu-na set nwere: steppe polecat, Roe ele, osa tailed, wdg Na Russian Red Data Book of osisi na-eto eto ebe a na-depụtara .. Pinnate nku ahịhịa, shlemonosny orchids, calypso yabasị - a mara mma nke ukwuu ifuru, akpụkpọ ụkwụ Grandiflora na ugbu - ọzọ mara mma orchids nke ezinụlọ. Ụmụ anụmanụ na nnụnụ depụtara na Red Book of Russia, e nwekwara a otutu: ọlaedo ugo, peregrine agụ nkwọ, osprey, saker agụ nkwọ na ndị ọzọ.

Arctic

Nke a idobere na-nnọọ ukwuu, ọ bụghị n'efu ka ọ na-akpọ - Big Arctic, Eurasia kasị ukwuu. Na osimiri Yenisei - akụkụ. Ebe a, n'ihi na ọtụtụ akụkụ chebe migratory nnụnụ na akwu na mpaghara (a dịgasị iche iche nke shorebirds, brant ọgazị, geese (anọ na ụdị), swans, anọ ụdị ọbọgwụ na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ). Ọ na-e kwuru na ọtụtụ ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi nke Yenisei River, nke na-echebe site na steeti.

162 umu nke elu osisi sitere 28 ezinụlọ: ọka, kloovu, kabeeji, sedge, saxifrage. Mara mma nke ukwuu ohiri-poppy. ọ na-etolite 70 iche iche nke lichens na 15 - mushrooms. Na idobere na-ebi 16 umu mammals - nkịta ọhịa, anụ ọhịa wolf, nkịta ọhịa, wolverines, lemmings, musk ehi, caribou na polar bea, nakwa dị ka na confluence nke Yenisei na Kara Sea e nwere whales, walruses na ndị ọzọ na mmiri ụmụ anụmanụ.

Sayan

Biosphere Reserve, emi odude ke Western Sayan Krasnoyarsk Territory - na Sayano-Shushenskaya. Ebe nche kasị baa uru aji anụmanụ - na Sable nakwa dị ka na-amụ ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi nke Sayano-Shushenskoye esite. Bara ọgaranya nke ukwuu Yenisei River - River na Siberia bụ ma ama, mara dị ka "Nna" n'ihi na oge ochie Yenisei narị afọ bụ breadwinner nke mmadụ niile bi na ya n'ikperé mmiri: ma azụ na anụ, na mkpụrụ, na tomato ma mushrooms - niile na-emeso, niile na ndepụta.

Ọ na-kwuru na-esite bụ ukwuu agbanwe fauna: emiela Fans mmiri oyi - mma grayling, goldilocks, taimen, ma ọhụrụ umu pụtara dị mfe: azu kaapu, Pike, bream, roach, perch na ndị ọzọ. The idobere nwere a ngosi nka nke Nature, onye ji ọchịchọ obi gara njem nleta nke afọ niile na tour. Gịnị bụ osisi na ụmụ anụmanụ nke Yenisei River, Krasnoyarsk Territory mezuwo 4 ụlọ akwụkwọ nwere ike ịmụta anya.

larịị Putorana

The iche Putorana Reserve - ya na ọnọdụ - ebe a na-aga Yenisei zoogeographic ókè-ala, ya mere, e nwere ihe na ụba dịgasị iche iche nke umu: osisi na ụmụ anụmanụ nke osimiri Yenisei ndepụta ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi nke Siberia ukwuu mma. Na idobere na-ebi 36 umu nke azụ, amphibians, 184 ụdị nnụnụ, 34 na umu nke mammals, na ndepụta na elu osisi na-agụnye banyere 400 umu.

Osisi na ụmụ anụmanụ nke Yenisei River mezuwo 4 ga mmasị ọbụna karịa chọrọ site usoro ọmụmụ, n'ihi na ebe a na-echebe ndị dị otú ahụ obere umu dị ka bighorn atụrụ, na-acha ọcha-tailed ugo, merlin, a obere ọbọgwụ mmiri, ugo, osprey na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. E nwere anụ ọhịa bea, anụ ọhịa wolf, nkịta ọhịa na lynx, Sable, Siberian weasel na wolverine. Osisi ebe a na e nwere fọrọ nke nta 400 umu, n'etiti ha dị obere ka Rhodiola rosea, turu ntupọ akpukpoukwu (nwekwara Siberia orchid), Asian ụwa ifuru, a dịgasị iche iche nke poppies, marigold - niile na-adịghị na ndepụta.

The ndagwurugwu Yenisei

Gịnị bụ osisi na ụmụ anụmanụ dị na Yenisei River Tsentralnosibirsky idobere, ị pụrụ ịhụ na ndepụta:

• More karịrị 650 ụdị elu osisi;
• asaa ụdị conifers;
• 35 ụdị horsetails, ferns na akpaetu;
• N'elu 150 ụdị mosses;
• 223 lichen umu;
• 45 ụdị mammals;
• 274 ụdị nnụnụ;
• anọ ụdị nākpu akpu na amphibians;
• 35 ụdị azụ;
• More karịa 700 ụdị ahụhụ;
• karịa 420 ụdị spiders.

Nke a idobere na-ekpuchi ma bịara n'ikperé mmiri nke Yenisei River ya n'etiti òkè.

Shushenskoe

Na nri mben Yenisei River bụ National Park na-akpọ "Shushensky Bor". Bor - bụkwa a ọhịa, naanị pine na-etolite tumadi na aja Ona. Ebe a ọhịa na-etolite na ájá dunes - a belt ọhịa ekpe ka anyị a nnọọ ogologo oge, mgbe ọgwụgwụ nke Ice Age. Relict ọhịa bụ mgbe oké ọgaranya na ndị mara mma. Gịnị na-eche mgbe ala ebe a, na osisi na ụmụ anụmanụ nke Yenisei River? Azịza ya dị mfe: chebe, ọ dịghị ihe pụrụ ime. Naanị nche!

ọtụtụ ụmụ anụmanụ na-ebi ebe a: naanị 254 ụdị terrestrial vertebrates, gụnyere 45 mammals, n'elu 200 ụdị nnụnụ, ise umu nke nākpu akpu, na anọ - amphibians. Na nke ka nke, e nwere òké bekee, squirrels, bea, nkịta ọhịa, Sable, red ele, Roe ele, a obere obere nkịtị musk ele, elk, ọhịa boar. Ha na-ebi ebe a wolves, na lynx, na wolverine, na ermine, Siberian weasel, steppe polecat, otter, mink. Chebe ọdịdị ya ọgaranya di iche iche - bụ isi ọrụ na isi nke maka idobere. Osisi na ụmụ anụmanụ nke Yenisei River agaghị anwụ n'ihi na gburugburu ebe obibi na-akpata nchegbu ma ọ bụ ụmụ mmadụ na anyaukwu ịchụ nta.

Ergaki

Nke a Nature Reserve na bịara n'ikperé mmiri nke Yenisei ndụ, nakwa dị ka ha gbara agbata obi lynx (na e nwere ọtụtụ), badgers, wolverines, nkịta ọhịa na anụ ọhịa wolf. E n'ezie nwere ọtụtụ sables. N'ebe ndị ọzọ, ọ obi ịta mmiri kpochapụrụ fọrọ nke nta kpamkpam tupu mee kpụrụ. Nke a idobere ọtụtụ ungulates: munsu, apịtị reindeer, musk mgbada. A ọtụtụ nnụnụ! E nwere kpere apịtị umu na otutu umu mmiri nnụnụ, ụfọdụ dị nnọọ obere - whooper ọbọgwụ mmiri, apịtị Agwa ọgazị, n'ihi na ihe atụ.

Na nkpoda bịara n'ikperé mmiri nke Yenisei, ị pụrụ ịhụ na-acha ọcha-tailed ugo akwụ. Ọzọkwa Udele ọkọnọ hawks, vultures na Hobby. Na na Yenisei na ebe ndị a na-echekwawo nọ n'ihe ize ndụ azụ si Red Book - Siberia Sturgeon na Sturgeon. Dị na osimiri na-acha ọcha salmon, na Arctic Cisco na whitefish na whitefish na smelt. Na, n'ezie, a otutu bụghị otú obere na oké ọnụ umu: burbot, Pike, perch, crucian azu kaapu.

On ịchụ nta ụzọ ụkwụ

The idobere "Ergaki" e nwere ndị njem nleta ebe. -Adọrọ mmasị karịsịa tours na-awa site na apịtị, ebe ị pụrụ amata di iche iche nke apịtị, ọ bụ ezie na, n'ezie, anya ga-ada, ọ bụghị niile osisi na ụmụ anụmanụ nke Yenisei River. Photos na njem nleta-ewetara ndị dị otú ahụ mmụta, ọ bụ pụrụ ichetụ n'echiche nke ndị na-emeghi wee a nta Siberia ụzọ ụkwụ.