Writer Andrei Sinyavsky: biography, creativity na-ede akwụkwọ

Russian dere Sinyavskiy Andrey Donatovich, onye biography e dechara na February 1997 na Paris, taa abụghị naanị na ọ bụghị echefu echefu, ma na-anọgide otu n'ime ndị isi na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke Russian akwụkwọ ná mba ọzọ. Aha ya bụ mgbe niile kwuru okwu ya na nnukwu socio-na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị arụmụka na-agbasa n'etiti dị iche iche edemede dị iche iche. N'ihi ya, atụla n'ekpere icheta a pụrụ iche nke nwoke na-eche ihe echiche na echiche na ọ chọrọ ime ka ụmụ.

Site biography nke a so dee

N'ọdịnihu dere Andrei Sinyavsky mụrụ na 1925 na Moscow. Ọ toro ihe nwere ọgụgụ isi ezinụlọ na ndị oké ozu malite. The nna nna nke onye so dee ẹkenịmde a ma ama na ọnọdụ na Russian Alaeze Ukwu, ma akara na ikere òkè na amamihe ihe. Maara nke ọma bụ eziokwu bụ na ọ bụ omenala na ndị nwere ọgụgụ isi na gburugburu ebe obibi nke a bụrụkwa mmetụta na guzobere a okike àgwà. Ọ bụ na nke a na gburugburu ebe obibi na-enwe mmetụta na-eme n'ọdịnihu ma ama edemede Sinyavskiy Andrey Donatovich. The ezinụlọ akwado nwa okorobịa ọchịchọ maka ihe ọmụma. Nke otu mmasị bụ Andrew gosiri na philology na-amụ asụsụ mba ọzọ. Ma akwụkwọ ama etre site akasiaha agha. Ebe ọ bụ na n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1941 ya na ezinụlọ ya bi na esi kpọpụ mmadụ nile nke Syzran. Ebe gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Andrei Sinyavsky ọ e debara aha ndị agha. The Faculty of Moscow State University, o debara aha na 1945, mgbe ndị mmeri. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị, ọ we duru research eme na Institute of World Literature, na kụziiri oru ndi na Moscow State University na Moscow Art Ụlọ ihe nkiri School.

ọrụ odide

Ha n'ime oké akwụkwọ edemede Andrei Sinyavsky malitere na oké egwu edemede, edemede ọmụmụ na biographies nke ochie nke Russian akwụkwọ iri na abụọ na narị afọ. Ọrụ ya na mpaghara ebe a na e ghọtara na-agụ ọha. Young dere ụtọ ọma kwesịrị aha Moscow si bohemian okirikiri, ma anya ya ala. Tutu bụ ebube vistas na-agaziri ịdị adị nke Soviet edemede functionary. O sina dị, onye dere Andrei Sinyavsky, onye biography ghọrọ usoro nnọọ nke ọma, dị njikere ime na ndụ gị a nkọ n'aka. Ọ na o siri ike mara onwe ya ihe ịtụnanya na-echere ya n'ihu.

Abram Tertz

Na ụfọdụ ogbo nke ya creativity onye dere ya na-eche ihu na a yiri unsolvable nsogbu - enweghi ike ikwu okwu ma na-ede eziokwu nke eziokwu, na ya mmekọrita ya. Ọ dịghị onye ga-ebi na-agụ ma ọ bụ nụrụ ihe na ya bu n'obi na-ekwu na Russian akwụkwọ Sinyavskiy Andrey Donatovich. AKWỤKWỌ ya dị nnọọ ike na-ebipụta na Soviet Union. Ma ihe ngwọta ya. N'okpuru ihe chere aha ya nwere ike ikwu ihe ọ bụla o chere dị mkpa. Na-ebipụta ha ọrụ na-abụghị n'ụlọ ha na obodo. Ya pseudonym Andrei Sinyavsky biiri si agwa nke Odessa ohi songs. Ọ narrated na ahụmahụ nke a petty ohi ndị Juu mba. O wee wee Abram atọ. Ná mmalite sixties na West e bipụtara akwụkwọ "Ndị m hụrụ", akụkọ "The ikpe na-aga" na sharply publicistic isiokwu bụ "Gịnị Bụ Socialist nsiridi?", Famously akwa emo ukara ụkpụrụ nke Soviet akwụkwọ. Na n'ala nna ya, ole na ole chepụtara na-ede akwụkwọ ndị a ọrụ bụ Sinyavskiy Andrey Donatovich. Ya akwụkwọ wee si na aha Abram Tertz na aha na peeji nke. Sinyavsky bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ ike ịghọgbu Soviet nnyocha.

usoro

Naanị ugbu a na Soviet ọchịchị dị otú ahụ ọgụ na ntọala ya agbagharaghị. Na September 1965, na-ede akwụkwọ e jidere site KGB. Anyị kpọọrọ ya Nikitsky Boulevard na bọs na-akwụsị. N'ihi ya, Andrei Sinyavsky, biography nke ka a ghọta na ọ bụghị mere dị otú ahụ a nkọ ibe, ghọrọ a na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mkpọrọ. Dị ka otu ikpe, e jidere ya na onye dere Yuli Daniel, na-ebipụta na West, akwụkwọ ha n'okpuru a pseudonym. The usoro nke Sinyavsky-Daniel aghọwo ezigbo mkpa na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke na-elekọta echiche. The Soviet Union gbalịrị dere maka ọrụ nkà. Ọ dị nnọọ ukwuu dị ka a ochie ojoo ichu nta.

Social ije na-agbachitere Sinyavsky na Daniel

The ikpe nke dere biri a afọ asaa mkpọrọ, mere ka a oké ọha mkpu ákwá na Soviet Union na karịrị. Positive akụkụ bụ eziokwu na ọtụtụ ndị mkpọrọ guzoro maka mba. Na nke a mere, n'agbanyeghị na-achịkwaghị achịkwa ukara nduhie. N'ihi na ike, haziri ikpe nke Sinyavsky na Daniel, ọ bụ onye wetara mberede. People obon signatures maka arịọ na-agbachitere dere na ọbụna wee a ngosipụta na etiti nke Moscow. Nke a na ọnọdụ chọrọ a mma obi ike. Agbachitere dere pụrụ n'ụzọ dị mfe na-aga mgbe ha. Ma ije shirilos gburugburu ụwa na-agbachitere ya ebubo. Na ọtụtụ European n'isi obodo, na esenidụt ẹkenịmde a mkpesa n'ihu Soviet diplomatic ọzọ.

na-n'agha

Mmechi Andrei Sinyavsky ozi Mordovia, ke "Dubrovlag". Dị ka ntụziaka site Moscow, ọ na-eji naanị maka toughest ọrụ. Na nke a, onye dere adịghị ihe ọ bụla ọrụ odide. Behind barbed waya Andrei Sinyavsky dere ọtụtụ akwụkwọ - "Voice si Chorus," Ije "Ije na Pushkin", "Na-agbọpụta Gogol." Dere ya ọbụna ijide n'aka na ọ kere ọgwụgwụ ga-eru na uche, na-agụ. N'okpuru mgbali nke mba echiche ọha na eze onye dere ya, ọ nọ na-n'ụlọ mkpọrọ tupu ọgwụgwụ nke oge. Na June 1971 a tọhapụrụ ya.

njem

Na 1973, Paris ama Sorbonne University nwere ọhụrụ prọfesọ si Russia - Andrei Sinyavsky. Biography nke onye dere n'ala ọzọ gara n'ihu. A izi ọrụ na France, a kpọrọ obere oge mgbe a tọhapụrụ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ. Ma naanị otu onye professorship edemede na-agaghị a kpaara ókè. Andrei Sinyavsky, onye akwụkwọ nwere ịbara na a dum na-ege ntị na nke mbụ ná ndụ m bụ na a ọnọdụ ebe ọ pụrụ ebipụta ihe ọ bụla ọ na-ahụ kwesịrị ekwesị. Enweghị banyere nnyocha. Mbụ niile ọha e bụ na ọ na e dere azụ na Soviet Union.

Tinyere n'ụlọ mkpọrọ. Karịsịa, Ije "Ije na Pushkin." Nke a bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị controversial akwụkwọ ahụ, dere site Sinyavskiy Andrey Donatovich. Onye dere nwunye, Maria Rozanova, ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ, ọ bụ a co-ede akwụkwọ. Nke a akwụkwọ Andrei Sinyavsky dere n'ụlọ mkpọrọ na-eziga ya na nzuzo ozi si n'azụ barbed waya. Dị ka onye isi.

Andrei Sinyavsky, "An Open Letter na Solzhenitsyn"

Mụ na ụfọdụ ndị anya Sinyavsky hụrụ na na edemede ná mba ọzọ obụpde otu ahuhu dị ka Moscow. Russian njem di anya n'ebe n'otu. Dịtụ na-ekwu okwu ya, e kewara abụọ n'ogige - liberals na Patriots. Na mmeghachi omume nke ịhụ mba n'anya n'akụkụ edemede na oru nta akuko isiokwu nke ọhụrụ prọfesọ nke Sorbonne bụ sharply ọjọọ. Akpan akpan enweghị mmasị n'ebe a akwụkwọ a na-akpọ Abram Tertz Ije "Ije na Pushkin." Ọtụtụ ndị nkatọ na-eche mgbe onye site mba Andrei Sinyavsky. Na Abram Tertz emeghị tụkwasịrị ndị na-ege ntị, na-anapụta a nkọ nba ya emegide. Ya a ma ama "Open Letter na Solzhenitsyn," ọ na-ebo ebubo ma ama compatriot na akuku ọhụrụ authoritarianism na ekweghị ibe nọrọ nke ọzọ echiche. Na na a tuo nke sarcasm enye ada ka uche nke onye addressee na na nsogbu nke ndị Russia na-ata ụta onwe ya, ọ bụghị ụfọdụ mythical Juu na ndị ọzọ ọchịchịrị agha. Mgbe nke a eneni ohere Abram Tertz na emigre periodicals e kpamkpam emechi. Writer Andrei Sinyavsky manyere na-eche banyere ndabere nke anyị onwe anyị magazine.

"Ahazi ahịrịokwu"

Nke a mbipụta e kere. N'ihi na ọtụtụ afọ otu n'ime emmepe nke ọgụgụ isi na ime mmụọ mma nke Russian njem bụ "ahazi ahịrịokwu" magazine. Ọ bipụtara na Paris, Andrei Sinyavsky na Maria Rozanov. The magazine na-ekpuchi a dịgasị iche iche nke isiokwu nke na-elekọta mmadụ, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-ede akwụkwọ ndụ. The akwụkwọ fundamentally na-emeghe ka ndị mmadụ dị iche iche na echiche. Ọ bipụtara ihe si Soviet Union. "Ahazi ahịrịokwu" mere na-aga n'ihu eneni ọzọ na-ewu ewu na emigre okirikiri mbipụta - "Continent" Vladimir Maximov.